湖北省农村中老年人的机构养老意愿及其影响因素研究——基于计划行为理论的个人意志因素
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摘要
随着"空心化"现象的加剧、传统家庭养老功能的弱化,我国农村养老形势越来越严峻。机构养老将是我国养老模式发展的必然趋势。本文以深入湖北省农村入户采访所得的微观数据为基础,采用Logit二元回归模型,利用SPSS 19.0软件分析了农村中老年人的机构养老意愿及其影响因素。结果表明:湖北省农村中老年人选择机构养老的意愿很低,仅为10.34%。基于计划行为理论分析其个人意志视角的影响因素得出,湖北省农村中老年人机构养老意愿的影响因素主要是:行为态度因素中浓厚的传统孝道观念、对养老机构伙食的认知;主观规范因素中子女和邻居的态度;知觉行为控制因素中对养老机构收费的承担难度。依据分析提出,要提高农村中老年人的机构养老意愿,缓解农村严峻的养老形势,应从稀释农村中老年人的传统孝道观念、加快当地经济发展、修正其对养老机构认知等角度入手。
With the aggravation of " hollowing out" phenomenon and the weakening of the function of traditional family pension,the situation of old-age support in rural areas in our country is more and more serious.Based on the microscopic data obtained from rural household interviews in Hubei Province,this paper uses the Logit binary regression model and SPSS19.0software to analyze the willingness of nursing home pension and its factors of the middle aged and elderly people in the rural areas.The results showed that the willingness is very low,only 10.34%.Based on the theory of planned behavior,the author analyzes the influencing factors of the individual's will perspective.The influencing factors of the willingness of the elderly in rural areas of Hubei Province are:the traditional concept of filial piety in the behavioral attitude factor,the cognition of the food;attitude of children and neighbors in the subjective norms factors;the difficulty to bear the pension agencies in the perceived behavior control factors.According to the analysis,it is necessary to improve the willingness of the elderly in rural areas to alleviate the serious old-age situation in rural areas.We should start from diluting the traditional filial concept of the middle-aged and old-aged rural areas,speeding up the local economic development and revising their cognition.
With the aggravation of " hollowing out" phenomenon and the weakening of the function of traditional family pension,the situation of old-age support in rural areas in our country is more and more serious.Based on the microscopic data obtained from rural household interviews in Hubei Province,this paper uses the Logit binary regression model and SPSS19.0software to analyze the willingness of nursing home pension and its factors of the middle aged and elderly people in the rural areas.The results showed that the willingness is very low,only 10.34%.Based on the theory of planned behavior,the author analyzes the influencing factors of the individual's will perspective.The influencing factors of the willingness of the elderly in rural areas of Hubei Province are:the traditional concept of filial piety in the behavioral attitude factor,the cognition of the food;attitude of children and neighbors in the subjective norms factors;the difficulty to bear the pension agencies in the perceived behavior control factors.According to the analysis,it is necessary to improve the willingness of the elderly in rural areas to alleviate the serious old-age situation in rural areas.We should start from diluting the traditional filial concept of the middle-aged and old-aged rural areas,speeding up the local economic development and revising their cognition.
引文
[1]李建新、于学军、王广州、刘鸿雁:《中国农村养老意愿和养老方式的研究》,载《人口与经济》,2004(5)。
[2]姚兆余、王诗露:《农村老人对机构养老的意愿及影响因素分析——基于东部地区749位农村老人的调查》,载《湖南农业大学学报》,2012(6)。
[3]狄金华、季子力、钟涨宝:《村落视野下的农民机构养老意愿研究——基于鄂、川、赣三省抽样调查的实证分析》,载《南方人口》,2014(1)。
[4]周宇:《养老机构发展呼唤创新——基于北京市海淀区养老机构的调研》,载《技术经济与管理研究》,2010(5)。
[5]田北海、雷华、钟涨宝:《生活境遇与养老意愿——农村老年人家庭养老偏好影响因素的实证分析》,载《中国农村观察》,2012(2)。
[6]王学义、张冲:《农村独生子女父母养老意愿的实证分析——基于四川省绵阳市、德阳市的调研数据》,载《农村经济》,2013(3)。
[7]初炜、胡冬梅、宋桂荣:《老年人群养老需求及其影响因素调查分析》,载《中国卫生事业管理》,2007(12)。
[8]高晓路、颜秉秋、季珏:《北京城市居民的养老模式选择及其合理性分析》,载《地理科学进展》,2012(10)。
[9]张争艳、王化波:《珠海市老年人口养老意愿及影响因素分析》,载《人口学刊》,2016(9)。
[10]左冬梅、李树茁、宋璐:《中国农村老年人养老院居住意愿的影响因素研究》,载《人口学刊》,2011(1)。
[11]孔祥智、涂圣伟:《我国现阶段农民养老意愿探讨——基于福建省永安、邵武、光泽三县(市)抽样调查的实证研究》,载《中国人民大学学报》,2007(3)。
[12]Lee,Haksik,Young Kim."Critiques and Alternative Suggestions on the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Theory of Planned Behavior:In the Context of Consumer Purchasing Behavior",Journal of Consumer Studies,2001(12).
[13]Ajzen."he Theory of Planned Behavior",Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Process,1991(50).
[14]Martin Fishbein,Icek Ajzen."Belief,Attitude,Intention and Behavior:an Introduction to Theory and Research",Addison-Wesley Publishing Company,1975.
[15]Conner M,McMillan B."Interaction effects in the theory of planned behavior:Studying cannabis use",British Journal of Social Psychology,1999(38).
[16]菲利普·科特勒:《营销管理》(第10版),中国人民大学出版社,2001。
[17]李东进、吴波、武瑞娟:《中国消费者购买意向模型——对Fishbein合理行为模型的修正》,载《管理世界》,2009(1)。
[18]风笑天:《从“依赖养老”到“独立养老”——独生子女家庭养老观念的重大转变》,载《河北学刊》,2006(3)。
[2]姚兆余、王诗露:《农村老人对机构养老的意愿及影响因素分析——基于东部地区749位农村老人的调查》,载《湖南农业大学学报》,2012(6)。
[3]狄金华、季子力、钟涨宝:《村落视野下的农民机构养老意愿研究——基于鄂、川、赣三省抽样调查的实证分析》,载《南方人口》,2014(1)。
[4]周宇:《养老机构发展呼唤创新——基于北京市海淀区养老机构的调研》,载《技术经济与管理研究》,2010(5)。
[5]田北海、雷华、钟涨宝:《生活境遇与养老意愿——农村老年人家庭养老偏好影响因素的实证分析》,载《中国农村观察》,2012(2)。
[6]王学义、张冲:《农村独生子女父母养老意愿的实证分析——基于四川省绵阳市、德阳市的调研数据》,载《农村经济》,2013(3)。
[7]初炜、胡冬梅、宋桂荣:《老年人群养老需求及其影响因素调查分析》,载《中国卫生事业管理》,2007(12)。
[8]高晓路、颜秉秋、季珏:《北京城市居民的养老模式选择及其合理性分析》,载《地理科学进展》,2012(10)。
[9]张争艳、王化波:《珠海市老年人口养老意愿及影响因素分析》,载《人口学刊》,2016(9)。
[10]左冬梅、李树茁、宋璐:《中国农村老年人养老院居住意愿的影响因素研究》,载《人口学刊》,2011(1)。
[11]孔祥智、涂圣伟:《我国现阶段农民养老意愿探讨——基于福建省永安、邵武、光泽三县(市)抽样调查的实证研究》,载《中国人民大学学报》,2007(3)。
[12]Lee,Haksik,Young Kim."Critiques and Alternative Suggestions on the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Theory of Planned Behavior:In the Context of Consumer Purchasing Behavior",Journal of Consumer Studies,2001(12).
[13]Ajzen."he Theory of Planned Behavior",Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Process,1991(50).
[14]Martin Fishbein,Icek Ajzen."Belief,Attitude,Intention and Behavior:an Introduction to Theory and Research",Addison-Wesley Publishing Company,1975.
[15]Conner M,McMillan B."Interaction effects in the theory of planned behavior:Studying cannabis use",British Journal of Social Psychology,1999(38).
[16]菲利普·科特勒:《营销管理》(第10版),中国人民大学出版社,2001。
[17]李东进、吴波、武瑞娟:《中国消费者购买意向模型——对Fishbein合理行为模型的修正》,载《管理世界》,2009(1)。
[18]风笑天:《从“依赖养老”到“独立养老”——独生子女家庭养老观念的重大转变》,载《河北学刊》,2006(3)。