基于DNDC玉米种植条件下土壤温室气体排放研究
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摘要
为了探究山西省太谷县玉米种植情况下整个年份土壤的排放规律,应用2016年太谷县气象、土壤和玉米种植数据,利用参数本地化后的DNDC模型模拟2016年玉米生长整年的排放。结果表明,土壤碳排放发生变化主要是在种植玉米后,尤其是在玉米收获后,土壤碳排放在一定时间内呈上升趋势,一年内土壤碳排放呈现平稳—上升—降低的趋势;土壤氮排放随着作物生长而发生变化,作物生长期的氮排放较非作物生长期提高94%,排放峰值出现在作物生长后期,10 d累积氮排放量最高达0.084 kg/hm2;环境排放与施肥量呈正相关,其中,标准施肥量(1 050 kg/hm2)下硝酸盐排放是高施肥量(2 100 kg/hm2)的35%,且施肥量越高,硝酸盐淋洗量越高。
To explore the soil discharge law of the whole year under the corn planting situation in Shanxi province Taigu county, this paper applies meteorological data, soil data and maize planting data of Taigu county in 2016, and uses the parameterized localized DNDC model to simulated annual emissions of maize growth in 2016. The research results show that the change of soil carbon emissions is mainly after the corn planting. Especially after corn harvest, soil carbon emissions show an upward trend in a certain period of time. Soil carbon emissions show a steady-raising-decreasing trend throughout the year. Soil nitrogen emission changes with crop growth, and nitrogen emissions during crop growth period are 94% higher than those during non-crop growth period. The peak of emission occurs in the late stage of crop growth, and 10 d cumulative nitrogen the highest emissions are 0.084 kg/hm2. Environmental emissions are positively correlated with fertilization. Among them, nitrate emission under standard fertilization(1 050 kg/hm2)is 35% of that under high fertilization(2 100 kg/hm2), and the higher the amount of fertilizer applied, the higher the amount of nitrate leaching.
To explore the soil discharge law of the whole year under the corn planting situation in Shanxi province Taigu county, this paper applies meteorological data, soil data and maize planting data of Taigu county in 2016, and uses the parameterized localized DNDC model to simulated annual emissions of maize growth in 2016. The research results show that the change of soil carbon emissions is mainly after the corn planting. Especially after corn harvest, soil carbon emissions show an upward trend in a certain period of time. Soil carbon emissions show a steady-raising-decreasing trend throughout the year. Soil nitrogen emission changes with crop growth, and nitrogen emissions during crop growth period are 94% higher than those during non-crop growth period. The peak of emission occurs in the late stage of crop growth, and 10 d cumulative nitrogen the highest emissions are 0.084 kg/hm2. Environmental emissions are positively correlated with fertilization. Among them, nitrate emission under standard fertilization(1 050 kg/hm2)is 35% of that under high fertilization(2 100 kg/hm2), and the higher the amount of fertilizer applied, the higher the amount of nitrate leaching.
引文
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[12]刘立文,徐立帅,段永红,等.山西农谷土壤养分空间特征分布研究[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(11):1882-1886.
[13]王建军,赵变平,贾鑫,等.山西省玉米种植业现状及发展对策[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(12):2104-2106.
[14] DONNA L GILTRAP,LI C S. DNDC:A process-based model of greenhouse gas fluxes from agricultural soils[J]. Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,2010,136:292-300.
[15]江帆,张玉平,李安乡,等.不同磷肥用量对玉米产量及磷素流失的影响[J].天津农业科学,2019,25(3):50-55.
[16]邢晓旭.施肥对春玉米农田土壤呼吸CO2释放量的影响及其变化规律研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2006.
[17]孟磊,蔡祖聪,丁维新.长期施肥对华北典型潮土N分配和N2O排放的影响[J].生态学报,2008,28(12):6197-6203.
[18]杨宪龙,路永莉,同延安.施氮和秸秆还田对小麦—玉米轮作农田硝态氮淋溶的影响[J].土壤学报,2013,50(3):565-572.
[19]李强,马晓君,豆攀,等.不同生态条件下氮肥对玉米氮素吸收利用及产量的影响[J].华北农学报,2017,32(1):156-164.
[2]刘毅.极端气象灾害威胁国家安全[N].人民日报,2014-12-13.
[3]何艳秋,陈柔,吴昊玥,等.中国农业碳排放空间格局及影响因素动态研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2018,26(9):1269-1282.
[4] SMITH P,MARTINO D,CAI Z C,et al. Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,2008,363:789-813.
[5]陈海心,孙本华,冯浩,等.应用DNDC模型模拟关中地区农田长期施肥条件下土壤碳含量及作物产量[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(9):1782-1790.
[6]韩东亮,孙九胜,贾宏涛. DNDC模型模拟干旱区农田有机碳的变化趋势[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(3):485-491.
[7]杨黎,王立刚,李虎.基于DNDC模型的东北地区春玉米农田固碳减排措施研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(1):75-86.
[8]高小叶,袁世力,吕爱敏. DNDC模型评估苜蓿绿肥对水稻产量和温室气体排放的影响[J].草业学报,2016,25(12):14-26.
[9]田展,牛逸龙.基于DNDC模型模拟气候变化影响下的中国水稻田温室气体排放[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(3):793-799.
[10]王立刚,邱建军,马永良,等.应用DNDC模型分析施肥与翻耕方式对土壤有机碳含量的长期影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2004,9(6):15-19.
[11]赵飞燕,吴秋平,韩燕.不同施肥方式对玉米生长及产量的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(10):1668-1670,1698.
[12]刘立文,徐立帅,段永红,等.山西农谷土壤养分空间特征分布研究[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(11):1882-1886.
[13]王建军,赵变平,贾鑫,等.山西省玉米种植业现状及发展对策[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(12):2104-2106.
[14] DONNA L GILTRAP,LI C S. DNDC:A process-based model of greenhouse gas fluxes from agricultural soils[J]. Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,2010,136:292-300.
[15]江帆,张玉平,李安乡,等.不同磷肥用量对玉米产量及磷素流失的影响[J].天津农业科学,2019,25(3):50-55.
[16]邢晓旭.施肥对春玉米农田土壤呼吸CO2释放量的影响及其变化规律研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2006.
[17]孟磊,蔡祖聪,丁维新.长期施肥对华北典型潮土N分配和N2O排放的影响[J].生态学报,2008,28(12):6197-6203.
[18]杨宪龙,路永莉,同延安.施氮和秸秆还田对小麦—玉米轮作农田硝态氮淋溶的影响[J].土壤学报,2013,50(3):565-572.
[19]李强,马晓君,豆攀,等.不同生态条件下氮肥对玉米氮素吸收利用及产量的影响[J].华北农学报,2017,32(1):156-164.