破片式战斗部空中爆炸下冲击波与破片的耦合作用
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摘要
为探讨破片式战斗部空中爆炸下冲击波与破片的耦合作用机制,通过分析冲击波和破片在空气中的运动规律,在考虑壳体对冲击波强度的影响下,建立了冲击波与破片耦合作用区间的理论计算模型,并采用相关文献试验结果进行了对比。在此基础上,结合实例讨论了耦合作用区间随各影响因素的变化规律。结果表明,战斗部装填系数、装药爆速、壳体厚度以及能量分配对耦合作用区间的影响较大,而装药爆热、破片质量及破片形状对耦合作用区间的影响较小;随着装填系数、装药爆热和爆速、破片质量及冲击波能量与破片动能的比值的增大,耦合作用区间均减小;而随着壳体厚度和破片形状不规则度的提高,耦合作用区间增大。
In the present work,to find out the mechanisms of the coupling effect for blast waves and fragments by fragmentation warheads exploding in the air,we developed a theoretical model by analyzing the motion patterns of the blast waves and fragments moving in the air in consideration of the influence of the shell on the intensity of the shock wave.Meanwhile,we carried out an analysis of an actual case and examined the factors that influence the coupling action spans. The results show that the warhead loading coefficients,detonation velocities,shell thicknesses and energy allocations have a great influence on the coupling action spans,whereas the influence of the explosion heats,masses and shapes of the fragments is relatively limited.The coupling action spans decrease with the increase of the loading coefficients,explosion heats and detonation velocities of the explosives,fragment masses and the energy ratio of the shock wave energy to the fragment kinetic energy.However,as the shell thickness gets bigger and the fragment shapes become more abnormal,the coupling action spans become larger.
In the present work,to find out the mechanisms of the coupling effect for blast waves and fragments by fragmentation warheads exploding in the air,we developed a theoretical model by analyzing the motion patterns of the blast waves and fragments moving in the air in consideration of the influence of the shell on the intensity of the shock wave.Meanwhile,we carried out an analysis of an actual case and examined the factors that influence the coupling action spans. The results show that the warhead loading coefficients,detonation velocities,shell thicknesses and energy allocations have a great influence on the coupling action spans,whereas the influence of the explosion heats,masses and shapes of the fragments is relatively limited.The coupling action spans decrease with the increase of the loading coefficients,explosion heats and detonation velocities of the explosives,fragment masses and the energy ratio of the shock wave energy to the fragment kinetic energy.However,as the shell thickness gets bigger and the fragment shapes become more abnormal,the coupling action spans become larger.
引文
[1]蒋志刚,白志海,严波,等.金属薄板与加筋板爆炸冲击响应研究进展[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(11):41-46.JIANG Z G,BAI Z H,YAN B,et al.Advances in study on impact response of thin and stiffened metal plates under blast loading[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(11):41-46.
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[9]张媛.杀爆战斗部对武装直升机的毁伤研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2013.
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[12]张守中.爆炸基本原理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1988.
[13]王儒策,赵国志.弹丸终点效应[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1993.
[14]张奇,苗常青,白春华,等.壳体对爆炸空气冲击波强度的影响[J].应用力学学报,2003,20(3):145-147.ZHANG Q,MIAO C Q,BAI C H,et al.The influence of shell on blast shock wave intensity[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2003,20(3):145-147.
[15]ZHANG Q,MIAO C Q,LIN D C,et al.Relation of fragment with air shock wave intensity for explosion in a shell[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2003,28(1):1129-1141.
[16]陈志坚.舰艇振动学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2010.
[17]KELLER J A.Environment from internal detonation of warheads[R].Engineering Sciences Laboratory,Dener Research Institute,1997.
[2]王晓强,朱锡.舰船用钢的抗弹道冲击性能研究进展[J].中国造船,2010,51(1):227-236.WANG X Q,ZHU X.Review on ballistic impact resistance of ship building steel[J].Shipbuilding of China,2010,51(1):227-236.
[3]何翔,庞伟宾,曲建波,等.防护门在空气冲击波和破片作用下的破坏[J].爆炸与冲击,2004,24(5):475-479.HE X,PANG W B,QU J B,et al.Protective door damaged by air shock wave and fragment arisen from explosion in prototype tunnel[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2004,24(5):475-479.
[4]李伟,朱锡,梅志远,等.战斗部舱内爆炸对舱室结构毁伤的实验研究[J].舰船科学技术,2009,31(3):34-37.LI W,ZHU X,MEI Z Y,et al.Experimental studies on damage effect of missile warhead on cabin's structure under internal explosion[J].Ship Science and Technology,2009,31(3):34-37.
[5]NYSTRM U,GYLLTOFT K.Numerical studies of the combined effects of blast and fragment loading[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2009,36(8):995-1005.
[6]张成亮,朱锡,侯海量,等.爆炸冲击波与高速破片对夹层结构的联合毁伤效应试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(15):184-188.ZHANG C L,ZHU X,HOU H L,et al.Tests for combined damage effect of blast waves and high-velocity fragments on composite sandwich plates[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(15):184-188.
[7]梁为民,张晓忠,梁仕发,等.结构内爆炸破片与冲击波运动规律试验研究[J].兵工学报,2009,30(增刊2):223-227.LIANG W M,ZHANG X Z,LIANG S F,et al.Experimental research on motion law of fragment and shock wave under the condition of internal explosion[J].Acta Armamentarii,2009,30(Suppl 2):223-227.
[8]刘刚.破片和冲击波对直升机结构联合作用的数值模拟研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2013.
[9]张媛.杀爆战斗部对武装直升机的毁伤研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2013.
[10]赵德辉,许金余,张燕.武器爆炸条件下冲击波与弹片共同作用数值模拟分析[J].西北工业大学学报,2006,24(3):334-337.ZHAO D H,XU J Y,ZHANG Y.Velocities and displacements of shrapnel and shock wave during blast[J].Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University,2006,24(3):334-337.
[11]吕晓聪,许金余,白二雷,等.弹片与爆炸冲击波耦合作用分析[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版),2007,8(6):640-644.LX C,XU J Y,BAI E L,et al.Analysis of coupling between shrapnel and blast shock wave[J].Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2007,8(6):640-644.
[12]张守中.爆炸基本原理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1988.
[13]王儒策,赵国志.弹丸终点效应[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1993.
[14]张奇,苗常青,白春华,等.壳体对爆炸空气冲击波强度的影响[J].应用力学学报,2003,20(3):145-147.ZHANG Q,MIAO C Q,BAI C H,et al.The influence of shell on blast shock wave intensity[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2003,20(3):145-147.
[15]ZHANG Q,MIAO C Q,LIN D C,et al.Relation of fragment with air shock wave intensity for explosion in a shell[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2003,28(1):1129-1141.
[16]陈志坚.舰艇振动学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2010.
[17]KELLER J A.Environment from internal detonation of warheads[R].Engineering Sciences Laboratory,Dener Research Institute,1997.