磁场条件下砷酸钠冷却结晶动力学
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摘要
目前分离提纯锑冶炼过程中产生的砷酸钠的主要方法仍是结晶法。在粒数衡算方程的基础上,在模拟结晶器外,外加0.6T磁场,通过测定晶体的粒度分布,利用分离变量法求得粒数密度函数。利用优化后的ΔL定律研究砷酸钠的冷却结晶行为。结果表明,砷酸钠成核速率和生长速率在外加磁场作用下可以得到加快,使得晶体的粒度分布更加均匀。
Main method to separate and purify sodium arsenate from antimony refining processes is crystallization.Based on balance equation and application of 0.6 T magnetic field outside of simulated crystallizer,expression of grain number density function was obtained with method of separation of variables by measuring particle size distribution of experimentally obtained crystals.Cooling crystallization behavior of sodium arsenate was studied with optimizedΔLlaw to obtain data related to crystallization kinetics and optimize its crystallization kinetics equation.The experimental results show that external magnetic field can accelerate nucleation rate and growth rate of sodium arsenate,and make crystal particle size distribution more uniform.
Main method to separate and purify sodium arsenate from antimony refining processes is crystallization.Based on balance equation and application of 0.6 T magnetic field outside of simulated crystallizer,expression of grain number density function was obtained with method of separation of variables by measuring particle size distribution of experimentally obtained crystals.Cooling crystallization behavior of sodium arsenate was studied with optimizedΔLlaw to obtain data related to crystallization kinetics and optimize its crystallization kinetics equation.The experimental results show that external magnetic field can accelerate nucleation rate and growth rate of sodium arsenate,and make crystal particle size distribution more uniform.
引文
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[3]MOHAN D,PITTMAN C U.Arsenic removal from water/wastewater using adsorbents-a critical review[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2007,142(1/2):1-53.
[4]ZENG G S,WANG X Y,LUO S L,et al.Effect of ultrasound on sodium arsenate induction time and crystallization property during solution crystallization processes[J].Acoustical Physics,2014,60(3):356-360.
[5]ADRIAN O,RITA V,JAVIER L,et al.Arsenic removal from drinking water through a hybrid ion exchange membrane-Coagulation process[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2011,83(15):137-143.
[6]BALASUBRAMANIANA N,TOSHINORI K,BASHA C A.Removal of arsenic from aqueous solution using electrocoagulation[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,167(1/2/3):966-969.
[7]MATOS C T,VELIZAROV S,REIS M A M,et al.Removal of bromate from drinking water using the ion exchange membrane bioreactor concept[J].Environ.Sci.Technol.,2008,42(20):7702-7708.
[8]QIAN R,BOTSARIS G D.A new mechanism for nuclei formation in suspension crystallizers:the role of interparticle forces[J].Chem.Eng.Sci.,1997,52(20):3429-3440.
[9]MADSEN H E L.Influence of magnetic field on the precipitation of some inorganic salts[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,1995,152(1/2):94-100.
[10]JULIANA H,OGBOLLAYA C OKORAFOR.Crystal size distribution(CSD)of batch salting-out crystallization process for sodium sulfate[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing,2008,47(4):622-632.
[11]ZENG G S,LI H,LUO S L,et al.Effect of ultrasonic radiation on induction period and nucleation kinetics of sodium sulfate[J].Korean J.Chem.Eng.,2014,31(5):807-811.
[12]鲍颖,李艳斌,王永莉,等.聚集结晶动力学研究方法的改进[J].化学工程,2006,34(2):20-24.
[13]王贤勇.超声和磁场作用下砷酸钠结晶热力学和动力学研究[D].南昌:南昌航空大学,2014.
[14]MATYNIAA A,PIOTROWSKIB K,KORALEWSKA J.Barium sulphate crystallization kinetics in the process of barium ions precipitation by means of crystalline ammonium sulphate addition[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing,2005,44(4):485-495.
[15]马伟,马文骥,马荣骏,等.磁场强化溶液蒸发的效果及机理[J].中国有色金属学报,1998,8(3):502-506.
[16]SHIN-ICHIRO Y,GEN S,et al.Effects of a magnetic field on the growth rate of tetragonal lysozyme crystals[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2000,208(4):645-65.
[17]GUO Z,ZHANG M,LI H,et al.Effect of ultrasound on anti-solvent crystallization process[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2005,273(3/4):555-563.
[18]王静康.化学工程手册:第十篇结晶[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1996.