汽车系统功能安全架构的设计与发展展望
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摘要
在汽车智能化、互联化发展趋势下,车辆安全逐渐成为汽车的核心领域之一。如何设计有效的系统安全架构,确保及时探测到潜在风险并可靠执行安全缓解机制,成为汽车功能安全开发的关键点之一。本文从"失效安全"和"失效可运行"两种功能安全状态出发,将符合功能安全要求的系统架构特征抽取出来,形成系统功能安全架构,涵盖控制、输入、通信、电源、人机交互以及外部措施等方面,重点研究车载系统功能安全架构的设计与未来发展,为汽车系统功能安全架构的设计提供了有益的参考和借鉴。
In the trend of intelligence and connectivity, Functional safety has gradually become one of the core fields in automotive development. It is of vital importance to design an effective functional safety architecture to ensure that potential risks are detected in a timely manner and mitigation mechanisms are reliably implemented. Based on the functional safety states of "Fail Safe" and "Fail Operational", this paper extracts the system architecture features that meet the functional safety requirements, and forms the system functional safety architecture, which covers the high level design of system control, input, communication, power supply, HMI and external measures. The design and future development of the functional safety architecture is presented in the paper and provides a useful reference for the design of the automobile system functional safety architecture.
In the trend of intelligence and connectivity, Functional safety has gradually become one of the core fields in automotive development. It is of vital importance to design an effective functional safety architecture to ensure that potential risks are detected in a timely manner and mitigation mechanisms are reliably implemented. Based on the functional safety states of "Fail Safe" and "Fail Operational", this paper extracts the system architecture features that meet the functional safety requirements, and forms the system functional safety architecture, which covers the high level design of system control, input, communication, power supply, HMI and external measures. The design and future development of the functional safety architecture is presented in the paper and provides a useful reference for the design of the automobile system functional safety architecture.
引文
[1]李波,冯屹,王兆,等.中国道路车辆功能安全标准化工作规划[J].中国标准化,2017(12):122-125.
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[3]ISO.Road vehicles-Functional Safety:ISO 26262-1:2018[S].[2019-04-03].
[4]ISO.Road vehicles-Safety of the Intended Functionality:ISO/PAS 21448:2016.
[5]EGAS Workgroup.Standardized E-Gas Monitoring Concept for Gasoline and Diesel Engine Control Units.Version 6.0,2015-07-13.
[6]中国国家标准化管理委员会.道路车辆功能安全第9部分:以汽车安全完整性等级为导向和以安全为导向的分析:GB/T 34590.9[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[7]中国国家标准化管理委员会.道路车辆功能安全第5部分:产品开发:硬件层面:GB/T 34590.5[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[9]SAE International.(R)Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles:SAE J3016:2018[S].2018:19.
[8]杨福宇.嵌入式系统功能安全的三个问题的讨论[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2014(9):7-9.
[10]Philip Koopman,Michael Wagner.Autonomous Vehicle Safety:An Interdisciplinary Challenge[J].IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine,2017,9(01):90-96.
[11]Hoehne O.M.,Rushton G..A System of Systems Approach to Automotive Challenges[J].SAE Technical Paper,2018-01-0752,2018,doi:10.4271/2018-01-0752.
[2]尚世亮,李波.车辆电控系统预期功能安全技术研究[J].中国标准化,2016(9)58-62.
[3]ISO.Road vehicles-Functional Safety:ISO 26262-1:2018[S].[2019-04-03].
[4]ISO.Road vehicles-Safety of the Intended Functionality:ISO/PAS 21448:2016.
[5]EGAS Workgroup.Standardized E-Gas Monitoring Concept for Gasoline and Diesel Engine Control Units.Version 6.0,2015-07-13.
[6]中国国家标准化管理委员会.道路车辆功能安全第9部分:以汽车安全完整性等级为导向和以安全为导向的分析:GB/T 34590.9[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[7]中国国家标准化管理委员会.道路车辆功能安全第5部分:产品开发:硬件层面:GB/T 34590.5[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[9]SAE International.(R)Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles:SAE J3016:2018[S].2018:19.
[8]杨福宇.嵌入式系统功能安全的三个问题的讨论[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2014(9):7-9.
[10]Philip Koopman,Michael Wagner.Autonomous Vehicle Safety:An Interdisciplinary Challenge[J].IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine,2017,9(01):90-96.
[11]Hoehne O.M.,Rushton G..A System of Systems Approach to Automotive Challenges[J].SAE Technical Paper,2018-01-0752,2018,doi:10.4271/2018-01-0752.