一种质子交换膜燃料电池冷启动分层数值模型
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摘要
针对质子交换膜燃料电池在低温环境启动时伴随的复杂物理和化学现象,搭建了一种新的燃料电池单电池冷启动数值模型,该模型全面包含了燃料电池低温启动的电化学反应机理、水热传递机理、水相变机理等.研究了催化层聚合物体积分数、孔隙率、质子交换膜厚度三个因素对低温冷启动的影响.最终提出了储水量(WSC)这一预测燃料电池低温冷启动能力的指标.
In terms of complex physical and chemical phenomenon of proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)in cold start,a novel numerical model of PEMFC in cold start was developed.The model comprehensively considered electrochemical reaction,thermal and water and phase change mechanism in cold start.Three factors,ionomer volume fraction in catalyst layer,porosity and membrane thickness,were investigated.The indicator of water storage capacity(WSC)was finally introduced to evaluate the cold start capability of PEMFC.
In terms of complex physical and chemical phenomenon of proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)in cold start,a novel numerical model of PEMFC in cold start was developed.The model comprehensively considered electrochemical reaction,thermal and water and phase change mechanism in cold start.Three factors,ionomer volume fraction in catalyst layer,porosity and membrane thickness,were investigated.The indicator of water storage capacity(WSC)was finally introduced to evaluate the cold start capability of PEMFC.
引文
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[4]YANG X G,TABUCHI Y,KAGAMI,et al.Durability of membrane electrode assemblies under polymer electrolyte fuel cell cold-start cycling[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2008,155(7):B752.
[5]KONNO N,MIZUNO S,NAKAJI H,et al.Development of compact and high-performance fuel cell stack[J].SAEInternational Journal of Alternative Powertrains,2015,4(1):123.
[6]MANABE K,IMANISHI H,OGAWA T,et al.Development of fuel cell hybrid vehicle rapid start-up from sub-freezing temperatures[J].SAE World Congress&Exhibition,2010,41:1379.
[7]李义,许思传,许澎.质子交换膜燃料电池系统低温起动仿真[J].电源技术,2016,40(6):1202.LI Yi,XU Sichuan,XU Peng.Simulation of cold start of PEM fuel cell system[J].Chinese Journal of Power Sources,2016,40(6):1202.
[8]SUNDARESAN M,MOORE R M.Polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack thermal model to evaluate sub-freezing startup[J].Journal of Power Sources,2005,145(2):534.
[9]KHANDELWAL M,LEE S,MENCH M M.One-dimensional thermal model of cold-start in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack[J].Journal of Power Sources,2007,172(2):816.
[10]ZHOU Y B,LUO Y,YU S,et al.Modeling of cold start processes and performance optimization for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks[J].Journal of Power Sources,2014,247(2):738.
[11]LUO Y,JIAO K,JIA B.Elucidating the constant power,current and voltage cold start models of proton exchange membrane fuel cell[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2014,77(4):489.
[12]DU Q,JIA B,LUO Y,et al.Maximum power cold start mode of proton exchange membrane fuel cell[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2014,39(16):8390.
[13]LUO Y,JIA B,JIAO K,et al.Catalytic hydrogen-oxygen reaction in anode and cathode for cold start of proton exchange memgrane fuel cell[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2015,40(32):10293.
[14]MAO L,WANG C Y.Analysis of cold start in polymer electrolyte fuel cells[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2006,154(2):B139.
[15]JIAO K,LI X.Three-dimensional multiphase modeling of cold start processes in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells[J].Electrochimica Acta,2009,54(27):6876.
[16]MENG H.A PEM fuel cell model for cold-start simulations[J].Journal of Power Sources,2008,178(1):141.
[17]JIAO K.Experimental and modeling studies of cold start processes in proton exchange membrane fuel cells[D].Waterloo:University of Waterloo,2011.
[18]JIAO K,LI X.Water transport in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells[J].Progress in Energy&Combustion Science,2011,37(3):221.
[19]TAJIRI K,TABUCHI Y,KAGAMI F.Effects of operating and design parameters on PEFC cold start[J].Journal of Power Sources,2007,165(1):279.
[2]DOE technical targets for fuel cell systems and stacks for transportation applications[EB/OL][2018-03-01]https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/doe-technical-targets-fuelcell-systems-and-stacks-transportation-applications.
[3]许澎,高源,许思传.质子交换膜燃料电池停机后吹扫仿真[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(12):1873.XU Peng,GAO Yuan,XU Sichuan.Numerical simulation on gas purge after shutdown in proton exchange membrane fuel cell[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2017,45(12):1831.
[4]YANG X G,TABUCHI Y,KAGAMI,et al.Durability of membrane electrode assemblies under polymer electrolyte fuel cell cold-start cycling[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2008,155(7):B752.
[5]KONNO N,MIZUNO S,NAKAJI H,et al.Development of compact and high-performance fuel cell stack[J].SAEInternational Journal of Alternative Powertrains,2015,4(1):123.
[6]MANABE K,IMANISHI H,OGAWA T,et al.Development of fuel cell hybrid vehicle rapid start-up from sub-freezing temperatures[J].SAE World Congress&Exhibition,2010,41:1379.
[7]李义,许思传,许澎.质子交换膜燃料电池系统低温起动仿真[J].电源技术,2016,40(6):1202.LI Yi,XU Sichuan,XU Peng.Simulation of cold start of PEM fuel cell system[J].Chinese Journal of Power Sources,2016,40(6):1202.
[8]SUNDARESAN M,MOORE R M.Polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack thermal model to evaluate sub-freezing startup[J].Journal of Power Sources,2005,145(2):534.
[9]KHANDELWAL M,LEE S,MENCH M M.One-dimensional thermal model of cold-start in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack[J].Journal of Power Sources,2007,172(2):816.
[10]ZHOU Y B,LUO Y,YU S,et al.Modeling of cold start processes and performance optimization for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks[J].Journal of Power Sources,2014,247(2):738.
[11]LUO Y,JIAO K,JIA B.Elucidating the constant power,current and voltage cold start models of proton exchange membrane fuel cell[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2014,77(4):489.
[12]DU Q,JIA B,LUO Y,et al.Maximum power cold start mode of proton exchange membrane fuel cell[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2014,39(16):8390.
[13]LUO Y,JIA B,JIAO K,et al.Catalytic hydrogen-oxygen reaction in anode and cathode for cold start of proton exchange memgrane fuel cell[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2015,40(32):10293.
[14]MAO L,WANG C Y.Analysis of cold start in polymer electrolyte fuel cells[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2006,154(2):B139.
[15]JIAO K,LI X.Three-dimensional multiphase modeling of cold start processes in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells[J].Electrochimica Acta,2009,54(27):6876.
[16]MENG H.A PEM fuel cell model for cold-start simulations[J].Journal of Power Sources,2008,178(1):141.
[17]JIAO K.Experimental and modeling studies of cold start processes in proton exchange membrane fuel cells[D].Waterloo:University of Waterloo,2011.
[18]JIAO K,LI X.Water transport in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells[J].Progress in Energy&Combustion Science,2011,37(3):221.
[19]TAJIRI K,TABUCHI Y,KAGAMI F.Effects of operating and design parameters on PEFC cold start[J].Journal of Power Sources,2007,165(1):279.