舰载机拦阻着舰载荷谱编制技术
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摘要
舰载机舰面载荷谱是航母服役环境下飞机结构长寿命和耐久性设计的关键。依据舰载机在拦阻着舰过程中的舰面载荷特点,论述了现有编制方法的局限性,结合多体动力学仿真模型探讨了载荷谱编制的方案和流程,建立了拦阻着舰多体动力学运动方程和仿真模型,并进行了仿真计算。通过对舰载机飞行剖面以及拦阻着舰任务剖面特点分析,确定了飞机拦阻着舰任务段载荷谱的主要工况以及比例关系,编制出飞机拦阻着舰过程的重心谱,绘制出载荷谱超越曲线,为舰载机的设计载荷谱编制提供依据,具有较高的工程应用价值。
The deck load spectrum is the key to longevity and damage tolerance design of carrier-based aircraft.Based on the specific ship load characteristics in aircraft landing process,the limitations of the existing compiling method are elaborated.Based on the multi-body system dynamics,this paper proposes a scheme for compiling the ship surface load spectrum,establishing the multi-body dynamics equations and simulation models,as well as carrying out simulation calculation.By analyzing the aircraft flight profile and the arrested landing mission profile,this paper identifies the main working conditions and their proportional relation for the arrested deck-landing mission.This paper also obtains the center of gravity of load spectrum and the transcendental curve,eliciting certain values in engineering application.
The deck load spectrum is the key to longevity and damage tolerance design of carrier-based aircraft.Based on the specific ship load characteristics in aircraft landing process,the limitations of the existing compiling method are elaborated.Based on the multi-body system dynamics,this paper proposes a scheme for compiling the ship surface load spectrum,establishing the multi-body dynamics equations and simulation models,as well as carrying out simulation calculation.By analyzing the aircraft flight profile and the arrested landing mission profile,this paper identifies the main working conditions and their proportional relation for the arrested deck-landing mission.This paper also obtains the center of gravity of load spectrum and the transcendental curve,eliciting certain values in engineering application.
引文
[1]杨凯.舰载机着舰过程的动力学仿真研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2008.YANG K.Research on dynamic simulation of carrier aircraft landing[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2008(in Chinese).
[2]中国人民解放军总装备部.军用飞机结构强度规范:重复载荷、耐久性和损伤容限:GJB 676A-2008[S].北京:中国人民解放军总装备部,2008.General Equipment Department of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army.Military airplane strength specification:Repeated loads,durability and damage tolerance:GJB676A-2008[S].Beijing:General Equipment Department of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army,2008(in Chinese).
[3]蒋祖国.飞机结构载荷/环境谱[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2012.JIANG Z G.Aircraft structural load/environment spectrum[M].Beijing:Electronic Industry Press,2012(in Chinese).
[4]张福泽.飞机载荷谱编制的新方法研究[J].航空学报,1998,19(5):518-524.ZHANG F Z.New method of drawing up aircraft load spectrum[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,1998,19(5):518-524(in Chinese).
[5]隋福成.新型战斗机结构寿命评定载荷谱编制关键技术研究[D].北京:北京航空航天大学,2008.SUI F C.Research on fatigue load spectra compilation methodologies for the evaluation of structural service life of new fighter[D].Beijing:Beihang University,2008(in Chinese).
[6]阎楚良,高镇同.飞机高置信度中值随机疲劳载荷谱的编制原理[J].航空学报,2000,21(2):118-123.YAN C L,GAO Z T.Compilation theory of median stochastic fatigue load-spectrum with high confidence level for air-plane[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2000,21(2):118-123(in Chinese).
[7]闫楚良.飞机载荷谱实测技术与编制原理[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2011:5-6.YAN C L.Aircraft load spectrum measurement technique and compilation principle[M].Beijing:Aviation Industry Press,2011:5-6(in Chinese).
[8]高镇同,熊峻江.疲劳可靠性[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2000:289-301GAO Z T,XIONG J J.Fatigue reliability[M].Beijing:Beihang University Press,2000:289-301(in Chinese).
[9]《飞机设计手册》总编委会.飞机设计手册第9册载荷、强度和刚度[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2001.The Chief Committee of Aircraft Design Manual.Aircraft design manual Vol.9:Load,strength and stiffness[M].Beijing:Aviation Industry Press,2001(in Chinese).
[10]杨一栋.舰载机进场着舰规范评估[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2006.YANG Y D.Review of the carrier approach criteria[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2006(in Chinese).
[11]许东松,王立新,贾重任.舰载飞机着舰过程的参数适配特性[J].航空学报,2012,33(2):199-207.XU D S,WANG L X,JIA Z R.Parameter matching characteristics of carrier-based aircraft during the landing process[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2012,33(2):199-207(in Chinese).
[12]夏桂华,董然,孟雪,等.舰载机着舰的动力学建模[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2014,35(4):445-456.XIA G H,DONG R,MENG X,et al.Research on the dynamic modeling for the landing of a carrier-based aircraft[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2014,35(4):445-456(in Chinese).
[13]刘智汉,袁东,刘超.舰载机多体动力学仿真建模及起降过程分析[J].飞行力学,2012,30(6):485-488.LIU Z H,YUAN D,LIU C.Multi-body dynamic simulation modeling and takeoff/landing process analysis of carrier-based aircraft[J].Flight Dynamics,2012,30(6):485-488(in Chinese).
[14]李晓磊,赵廷弟.基于模糊推理的舰载机进舰过程安全性仿真分析[J].航空学报,2013,34(2):325-333.LI X L,ZHAO T D.Carrier-based aircraft landing process safety simulation analysis based on fuzzy inference[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2013,34(2):325-333(in Chinese).
[15]许东松,刘星宇,王立新.变化风场对舰载飞机着舰安全性影响[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2010,36(1):77-81.XU D S,LIU X Y,WANG L X.Influence of changeful wind on landing safety of carrier-based airplane[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2010,36(1):77-81(in Chinese).
[16]施亮.各扰动对舰载机着舰过程的影响分析[J].计算机仿真,2009,26(12):46-48.SHI L.Influence of disturbances on ship-based aircraft landing process[J].Computer Simulation,2009,26(12):46-48(in Chinese).
[17]聂宏,彭一明,魏小辉,等.舰载飞机着舰拦阻动力学研究综述[J].航空学报,2014,35(1):1-12NIE H,PENG Y M,WEI X H,et al.Overview of carrier-based aircraft arrested deck-landing dynamics[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2014,35(1):1-12(in Chinese).
[18]姚念奎,隋福成,王成波.舰载机的自由飞行钩住情况[J].飞机设计,2011,31(6):10-15.YAO N K,SUI F C,WANG C B.Free flight engagement condition of carrier-based aircraft[J].Aircraft Design,2011,31(6):10-15(in Chinese).
[19]DE JONGE J B,SCHUTZ D,LOWAK H,et al.Astandardized load sequence for flight simulation tests on transport aircraft wing structures:NLR-TR-73029[R].Amsterdam:National Aerospace Laboratory,NLR,1973.
[20]郑晓玲.民机结构耐久性与损伤容限设计手册上册[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2003:317-329.ZHENG X L.Civil aircraft durability and damage tolerance design handbook:Vol 1[M].Beijing:Aviation Industry Press,2003:317-329(in Chinese).
[21]HISCOCKS R J,RUTLEDGE R S,HEWITT R L.Calculation of actuator loads for full-scale aircraft fatigue testing[C]∥21st Symposium of the International Committee on Aeronautical Fatigue.Ottawa:National Research Council Canada,2000.
[2]中国人民解放军总装备部.军用飞机结构强度规范:重复载荷、耐久性和损伤容限:GJB 676A-2008[S].北京:中国人民解放军总装备部,2008.General Equipment Department of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army.Military airplane strength specification:Repeated loads,durability and damage tolerance:GJB676A-2008[S].Beijing:General Equipment Department of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army,2008(in Chinese).
[3]蒋祖国.飞机结构载荷/环境谱[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2012.JIANG Z G.Aircraft structural load/environment spectrum[M].Beijing:Electronic Industry Press,2012(in Chinese).
[4]张福泽.飞机载荷谱编制的新方法研究[J].航空学报,1998,19(5):518-524.ZHANG F Z.New method of drawing up aircraft load spectrum[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,1998,19(5):518-524(in Chinese).
[5]隋福成.新型战斗机结构寿命评定载荷谱编制关键技术研究[D].北京:北京航空航天大学,2008.SUI F C.Research on fatigue load spectra compilation methodologies for the evaluation of structural service life of new fighter[D].Beijing:Beihang University,2008(in Chinese).
[6]阎楚良,高镇同.飞机高置信度中值随机疲劳载荷谱的编制原理[J].航空学报,2000,21(2):118-123.YAN C L,GAO Z T.Compilation theory of median stochastic fatigue load-spectrum with high confidence level for air-plane[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2000,21(2):118-123(in Chinese).
[7]闫楚良.飞机载荷谱实测技术与编制原理[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2011:5-6.YAN C L.Aircraft load spectrum measurement technique and compilation principle[M].Beijing:Aviation Industry Press,2011:5-6(in Chinese).
[8]高镇同,熊峻江.疲劳可靠性[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2000:289-301GAO Z T,XIONG J J.Fatigue reliability[M].Beijing:Beihang University Press,2000:289-301(in Chinese).
[9]《飞机设计手册》总编委会.飞机设计手册第9册载荷、强度和刚度[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2001.The Chief Committee of Aircraft Design Manual.Aircraft design manual Vol.9:Load,strength and stiffness[M].Beijing:Aviation Industry Press,2001(in Chinese).
[10]杨一栋.舰载机进场着舰规范评估[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2006.YANG Y D.Review of the carrier approach criteria[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2006(in Chinese).
[11]许东松,王立新,贾重任.舰载飞机着舰过程的参数适配特性[J].航空学报,2012,33(2):199-207.XU D S,WANG L X,JIA Z R.Parameter matching characteristics of carrier-based aircraft during the landing process[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2012,33(2):199-207(in Chinese).
[12]夏桂华,董然,孟雪,等.舰载机着舰的动力学建模[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2014,35(4):445-456.XIA G H,DONG R,MENG X,et al.Research on the dynamic modeling for the landing of a carrier-based aircraft[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2014,35(4):445-456(in Chinese).
[13]刘智汉,袁东,刘超.舰载机多体动力学仿真建模及起降过程分析[J].飞行力学,2012,30(6):485-488.LIU Z H,YUAN D,LIU C.Multi-body dynamic simulation modeling and takeoff/landing process analysis of carrier-based aircraft[J].Flight Dynamics,2012,30(6):485-488(in Chinese).
[14]李晓磊,赵廷弟.基于模糊推理的舰载机进舰过程安全性仿真分析[J].航空学报,2013,34(2):325-333.LI X L,ZHAO T D.Carrier-based aircraft landing process safety simulation analysis based on fuzzy inference[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2013,34(2):325-333(in Chinese).
[15]许东松,刘星宇,王立新.变化风场对舰载飞机着舰安全性影响[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2010,36(1):77-81.XU D S,LIU X Y,WANG L X.Influence of changeful wind on landing safety of carrier-based airplane[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2010,36(1):77-81(in Chinese).
[16]施亮.各扰动对舰载机着舰过程的影响分析[J].计算机仿真,2009,26(12):46-48.SHI L.Influence of disturbances on ship-based aircraft landing process[J].Computer Simulation,2009,26(12):46-48(in Chinese).
[17]聂宏,彭一明,魏小辉,等.舰载飞机着舰拦阻动力学研究综述[J].航空学报,2014,35(1):1-12NIE H,PENG Y M,WEI X H,et al.Overview of carrier-based aircraft arrested deck-landing dynamics[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2014,35(1):1-12(in Chinese).
[18]姚念奎,隋福成,王成波.舰载机的自由飞行钩住情况[J].飞机设计,2011,31(6):10-15.YAO N K,SUI F C,WANG C B.Free flight engagement condition of carrier-based aircraft[J].Aircraft Design,2011,31(6):10-15(in Chinese).
[19]DE JONGE J B,SCHUTZ D,LOWAK H,et al.Astandardized load sequence for flight simulation tests on transport aircraft wing structures:NLR-TR-73029[R].Amsterdam:National Aerospace Laboratory,NLR,1973.
[20]郑晓玲.民机结构耐久性与损伤容限设计手册上册[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2003:317-329.ZHENG X L.Civil aircraft durability and damage tolerance design handbook:Vol 1[M].Beijing:Aviation Industry Press,2003:317-329(in Chinese).
[21]HISCOCKS R J,RUTLEDGE R S,HEWITT R L.Calculation of actuator loads for full-scale aircraft fatigue testing[C]∥21st Symposium of the International Committee on Aeronautical Fatigue.Ottawa:National Research Council Canada,2000.