基于敏感度-主观偏好矩阵的哈尼梯田视觉景观关键区识别
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摘要
以哈尼梯田遗产核心区主要视觉景观为研究对象,应用GIS技术选取相对坡度、相对距离和出现几率3个客观因子进行景观视觉敏感度分析,运用美景度评价法得到50名专业人士的主观偏好,综合景观视觉敏感度和主观偏好评分,构建敏感度-主观偏好矩阵,将哈尼梯田遗产核心区视觉景观划分为四个区域并提出相应的景观保护、规划建议。结果表明:老虎嘴、麻栗寨茶厂位于敏感度、偏好评价双高的"视觉景观关键区",多依树属于偏好评价高、敏感度低的"自然发展区",黄草岭是敏感度高、偏好评价低的"优先改进区",坝达、箐口、全福庄是敏感度、偏好评价双低的"次优先改进区"。通过构建矩阵结合主客观两方面的评价结果,GIS有效量化抽象的数据,偏好评价真实反映观景者内心感知,为当下的景观视觉评价提供思路。
Taking the core area of Hani Rice Terraces as the research object,the landscape visual sensitivity( LVS)analysis was carried out using the geographic information system( GIS) technology to select relative objective factors such as relative slope,relative distance,and sight probability. The subjective preference values( SPVs) of 50 professionals in different landscape photographs were obtained by the scenic beauty estimation( SBE) method. Subsequently,using the integrated LVS and SPVs,we constructed a sensitivity-subjective preference matrix,through which the core area of the Hani Rice Terraces was divided into four districts and corresponding landscape protection and planning suggestions were proposed.The results showed that the values of sensitivity and preference were both high at the Laohuzui and Malizhai tea factory. At Duoyishu,the value of preference was high,but that of sensitivity was low. The sensitivity of Huangcaoling was high but the preference value was low. For Bada,Qingkou,and Quanfuzhuang both preference evaluation and sensitivity showed lower values. In this study,we constructed a matrix to combine the subjective and objective data,i.e.,effectively quantified data through GIS and preference evaluation of the perceptions of tourists. This paper presents ideas for landscape visual evaluation.
Taking the core area of Hani Rice Terraces as the research object,the landscape visual sensitivity( LVS)analysis was carried out using the geographic information system( GIS) technology to select relative objective factors such as relative slope,relative distance,and sight probability. The subjective preference values( SPVs) of 50 professionals in different landscape photographs were obtained by the scenic beauty estimation( SBE) method. Subsequently,using the integrated LVS and SPVs,we constructed a sensitivity-subjective preference matrix,through which the core area of the Hani Rice Terraces was divided into four districts and corresponding landscape protection and planning suggestions were proposed.The results showed that the values of sensitivity and preference were both high at the Laohuzui and Malizhai tea factory. At Duoyishu,the value of preference was high,but that of sensitivity was low. The sensitivity of Huangcaoling was high but the preference value was low. For Bada,Qingkou,and Quanfuzhuang both preference evaluation and sensitivity showed lower values. In this study,we constructed a matrix to combine the subjective and objective data,i.e.,effectively quantified data through GIS and preference evaluation of the perceptions of tourists. This paper presents ideas for landscape visual evaluation.
引文
[1]齐童,王亚娟,王卫华.国际视觉景观研究评述.地理科学进展,2013,32(6):975-983.
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[7]张瑞英,席建超,姚予龙,葛全胜.基于视觉廊道的青藏铁路沿线旅游动态景观评价.生态学报,2014,34(12):3320-3330.
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[10]Daniel T C.Whither scenic beauty?Visual landscape quality assessment in the 21st century.Landscape and Urban Planning,2001,54(1/4):267-281.
[11]唐真,刘滨谊.视觉景观评估的研究进展.风景园林,2015,(9):113-120.
[12]裘亦书,高峻,詹起林.山地视觉景观的GIS评价——以广东南昆山国家森林公园为例.生态学报,2011,31(4):1009-1020.
[13]张林波,王维,吴春旭,熊严军.基于GIS的视觉景观影响定量评价方法理论与实践.生态学报,2008,28(6):2784-2791.
[14]俞孔坚,李迪华,段铁武.敏感地段的景观安全格局设计及地理信息系统应用——以北京香山滑雪场为例.中国园林,2001,(1):11-16.
[15]李俊英,胡远满,闫红伟,唐强,祝跃,刘志华.基于景观视觉敏感度的棋盘山生态旅游适宜性评价.西北林学院学报,2010,25(5):194-198.
[16]齐津达,傅伟聪,李炜,林双毅,董建文.基于GIS与SBE法的旗山国家森林公园景观视觉评价.西北林学院学报,2015,30(2):245-250.
[17]吴榛,王浩,范榕.紫金山国家森林公园景观视觉评价.西北林学院学报,2017,32(3):277-283.
[18]Zhai M P,Zhang R,Yan H P.Review on the studies on scenic evaluation and its application in scenic forest construction both at home and abroad.World Forestry Research,2003,16(6):16-19.
[19]孙漪南,赵芯,王宇泓,李方正,李雄.基于VR全景图技术的乡村景观视觉评价偏好研究.北京林业大学学报,2016,38(12):104-112.
[20]王娜,钟永德,黎森.基于SBE法的城郊森林公园森林林内景观美学质量评价.西北林学院学报,2017,32(1):308-314.
[21]杨鑫霞,亢新刚,杜志,包昱君.基于SBE法的长白山森林景观美学评价.西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2012,40(6):86-90,98-98.
[22]角媛梅,杨有洁,胡文英,速少华.哈尼梯田景观空间格局与美学特征分析.地理研究,2006,25(4):624-632.
[23]Vodak M,Roberts P L,Wellman J D,Buhyoff G J.Scenic impacts of eastern hardwood management.Forest Science,1985,31(2):289-301.
[24]Brown T C,Daniel T C.Predicting scenic beauty of timber stands.Forest Science,1986,32(2):471-487.
[25]Clay G R,Daniel T C.Scenic landscape assessment:the effects of land management jurisdiction on public perception of scenic beauty.Landscape and Urban Planning,2000,49(1/2):1-13.
[26]陈诚,赵振斌,黄燕.西部乡村旅游社区社会景观敏感度分析——以甘南郎木寺镇为例.地理研究,2017,36(5):899-912.
[27]俞孔坚.景观敏感度与阀值评价研究.地理研究,1991,10(2):38-51.
[28]角媛梅.哈尼梯田自然与文化景观生态研究.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2009:1-12.
[29]周锐,李月辉,胡远满,刘淼.基于景观敏感度的森林公园景点评价.应用生态学报,2008,19(11):2460-2466.
[30]周锐,李月辉,胡远满,张嘉桧,刘淼.基于景观敏感度的猴石森林公园保护区划.应用生态学报,2009,20(3):665-672.
[31]王云才,陈田,石忆邵.文化遗址的景观敏感度评价及可持续利用——以新疆塔什库尔干石头城为例.地理研究,2006,25(3):517-525,564-564.
[32]覃婕,周志翔,滕明君,王燕燕,史梅容.武汉市九峰城市森林保护区景观敏感度评价.长江流域资源与环境,2009,18(5):453-458.
[33]宋子斌,安应民,郑佩.旅游目的地形象之IPA分析——以西安居民对海南旅游目的地形象感知为例.旅游学刊,2006,21(10):26-32.
[34]张国庆,齐童,刘传安,李雪莹.视觉景观评价方法的回顾与展望.首都师范大学学报:自然科学版,2017,38(3):72-77.
[35]Sowifskafwierkosz B.Index of Landscape Disharmony(ILDH)as a new tool combining the aesthetic and ecological approach to landscape assessment.Ecological Indicators,2016,70:166-180.
[36]Figueroa-Alfaro R W,Tang Z H.Evaluating the aesthetic value of cultural ecosystem services by mapping geo-tagged photographs from social media data on Panoramio and Flickr.Journal of Environmental Planning and Management,2017,60(2):266-281.
[2]肖笃宁,解伏菊,魏建兵.景观价值与景观保护评价.地理科学,2006,26(4):506-512.
[3]乐志,梁晓娜,范榕.苏州古典园林中的视觉质量评价分析.中国园林,2017,33(1):113-118.
[4]汤晓敏,王祥荣.景观视觉环境评价:概念、起源与发展.上海交通大学学报:农业科学版,2007,25(3):173-179.
[5]Akbar K F,Hale W H G,Headley A D.Assessment of scenic beauty of the roadside vegetation in northern England.Landscape and Urban Planning,2003,63(3):139-144.
[6]Howard P,Pinder D.Cultural heritage and sustainability in the coastal zone:experiences in south west England.Journal of Cultural Heritage,2003,4(1):57-68.
[7]张瑞英,席建超,姚予龙,葛全胜.基于视觉廊道的青藏铁路沿线旅游动态景观评价.生态学报,2014,34(12):3320-3330.
[8]Daniel T C,Vining J.Methodological issues in the assessment of landscape quality//Altman I,Wohlwill J F,eds.Behavior and the Natural Environment.Boston,MA:Springer,1983:39-84.
[9]Lothian A.Landscape and the philosophy of aesthetics:is landscape quality inherent in the landscape or in the eye of the beholder?Landscape and Urban Planning,1999,44(4):177-198.
[10]Daniel T C.Whither scenic beauty?Visual landscape quality assessment in the 21st century.Landscape and Urban Planning,2001,54(1/4):267-281.
[11]唐真,刘滨谊.视觉景观评估的研究进展.风景园林,2015,(9):113-120.
[12]裘亦书,高峻,詹起林.山地视觉景观的GIS评价——以广东南昆山国家森林公园为例.生态学报,2011,31(4):1009-1020.
[13]张林波,王维,吴春旭,熊严军.基于GIS的视觉景观影响定量评价方法理论与实践.生态学报,2008,28(6):2784-2791.
[14]俞孔坚,李迪华,段铁武.敏感地段的景观安全格局设计及地理信息系统应用——以北京香山滑雪场为例.中国园林,2001,(1):11-16.
[15]李俊英,胡远满,闫红伟,唐强,祝跃,刘志华.基于景观视觉敏感度的棋盘山生态旅游适宜性评价.西北林学院学报,2010,25(5):194-198.
[16]齐津达,傅伟聪,李炜,林双毅,董建文.基于GIS与SBE法的旗山国家森林公园景观视觉评价.西北林学院学报,2015,30(2):245-250.
[17]吴榛,王浩,范榕.紫金山国家森林公园景观视觉评价.西北林学院学报,2017,32(3):277-283.
[18]Zhai M P,Zhang R,Yan H P.Review on the studies on scenic evaluation and its application in scenic forest construction both at home and abroad.World Forestry Research,2003,16(6):16-19.
[19]孙漪南,赵芯,王宇泓,李方正,李雄.基于VR全景图技术的乡村景观视觉评价偏好研究.北京林业大学学报,2016,38(12):104-112.
[20]王娜,钟永德,黎森.基于SBE法的城郊森林公园森林林内景观美学质量评价.西北林学院学报,2017,32(1):308-314.
[21]杨鑫霞,亢新刚,杜志,包昱君.基于SBE法的长白山森林景观美学评价.西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2012,40(6):86-90,98-98.
[22]角媛梅,杨有洁,胡文英,速少华.哈尼梯田景观空间格局与美学特征分析.地理研究,2006,25(4):624-632.
[23]Vodak M,Roberts P L,Wellman J D,Buhyoff G J.Scenic impacts of eastern hardwood management.Forest Science,1985,31(2):289-301.
[24]Brown T C,Daniel T C.Predicting scenic beauty of timber stands.Forest Science,1986,32(2):471-487.
[25]Clay G R,Daniel T C.Scenic landscape assessment:the effects of land management jurisdiction on public perception of scenic beauty.Landscape and Urban Planning,2000,49(1/2):1-13.
[26]陈诚,赵振斌,黄燕.西部乡村旅游社区社会景观敏感度分析——以甘南郎木寺镇为例.地理研究,2017,36(5):899-912.
[27]俞孔坚.景观敏感度与阀值评价研究.地理研究,1991,10(2):38-51.
[28]角媛梅.哈尼梯田自然与文化景观生态研究.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2009:1-12.
[29]周锐,李月辉,胡远满,刘淼.基于景观敏感度的森林公园景点评价.应用生态学报,2008,19(11):2460-2466.
[30]周锐,李月辉,胡远满,张嘉桧,刘淼.基于景观敏感度的猴石森林公园保护区划.应用生态学报,2009,20(3):665-672.
[31]王云才,陈田,石忆邵.文化遗址的景观敏感度评价及可持续利用——以新疆塔什库尔干石头城为例.地理研究,2006,25(3):517-525,564-564.
[32]覃婕,周志翔,滕明君,王燕燕,史梅容.武汉市九峰城市森林保护区景观敏感度评价.长江流域资源与环境,2009,18(5):453-458.
[33]宋子斌,安应民,郑佩.旅游目的地形象之IPA分析——以西安居民对海南旅游目的地形象感知为例.旅游学刊,2006,21(10):26-32.
[34]张国庆,齐童,刘传安,李雪莹.视觉景观评价方法的回顾与展望.首都师范大学学报:自然科学版,2017,38(3):72-77.
[35]Sowifskafwierkosz B.Index of Landscape Disharmony(ILDH)as a new tool combining the aesthetic and ecological approach to landscape assessment.Ecological Indicators,2016,70:166-180.
[36]Figueroa-Alfaro R W,Tang Z H.Evaluating the aesthetic value of cultural ecosystem services by mapping geo-tagged photographs from social media data on Panoramio and Flickr.Journal of Environmental Planning and Management,2017,60(2):266-281.