气固反应原位生成TiC颗粒增强钛基复合材料?
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摘要
以氢化脱氢钛粉为原料,经冷等静压成型,在一定温度下通过CH4和钛粉颗粒间的气固反应在钛粉表面原位生成均匀的Ti C颗粒,采用真空烧结技术制备得到氧含量(体积分数)低于0.2%的TiC颗粒增强钛基复合材料。研究表明,Ti C颗粒体积分数比可通过气固反应温度和时间控制,可获得较高体积分数(>30%)的TiC颗粒增强钛基复合材料。TiC首先在钛粉颗粒表面形成,烧结过程中,钛粉颗粒明显阻碍TiC晶粒长大,细化TiC晶粒;同时,过多的TiC颗粒也阻碍烧结过程中钛的自扩散,降低烧结相对密度。钛粉压坯在700℃、CH4气氛下发生气固反应(30 min),再经1300℃烧结后获得的相对密度为98.6%的烧结试样,试样的综合力学性能较好,抗拉强度为606 MPa,延伸率达14.4%,硬度为HV 442。值得注意的是,较短时间的气固反应不能够保证压坯内外整体实现原位生成均匀TiC颗粒,导致烧结试样内外组织的不均性。
Using hydrogenation-dehydrogenation titanium powders as the raw materials,the in-situ synthesized TiC particles were prepared by gas?solid reaction at a certain temperature under the atmosphere of CH4 after cold isostatic pressing,then the TiC particle-reinforced titanium matrix composites were manufactured by vacuum sintering with the oxygen content(volume fraction) less than 0.2%.In the results,the volume fraction of TiC particles can be controlled by adjusting the temperature and time of gas?solid reaction,and the TiC particle-reinforced titanium matrix composites with the higher volume fraction of TiC particles(>30%) can be obtained.TiC is first formed on the surface of titanium powders,and the growth of TiC particles is obviously hindered by Ti powders,resulting in the grain refining of TiC particles;however,the excessive TiC particles also hinder the self-diffusion process of titanium in the sintering process and reduce the relative density.The titanium powder compacts handled by gas?solid reaction at 700 ℃ under the atmosphere of CH4 for 30 min are vacuum sintered at 1300 ℃,and the sintered specimens show the better comprehensive mechanical properties,the tensile strength is 606 MPa,the elongation is 14.4%,the hardness is HV 442,and the relative density is 98.6%.However,a relatively short period of gas?solid reaction cannot guarantee the uniform distribution of TiC particles,resulting in the inhomogeneity in the internal and external structures of sintered specimens.
Using hydrogenation-dehydrogenation titanium powders as the raw materials,the in-situ synthesized TiC particles were prepared by gas?solid reaction at a certain temperature under the atmosphere of CH4 after cold isostatic pressing,then the TiC particle-reinforced titanium matrix composites were manufactured by vacuum sintering with the oxygen content(volume fraction) less than 0.2%.In the results,the volume fraction of TiC particles can be controlled by adjusting the temperature and time of gas?solid reaction,and the TiC particle-reinforced titanium matrix composites with the higher volume fraction of TiC particles(>30%) can be obtained.TiC is first formed on the surface of titanium powders,and the growth of TiC particles is obviously hindered by Ti powders,resulting in the grain refining of TiC particles;however,the excessive TiC particles also hinder the self-diffusion process of titanium in the sintering process and reduce the relative density.The titanium powder compacts handled by gas?solid reaction at 700 ℃ under the atmosphere of CH4 for 30 min are vacuum sintered at 1300 ℃,and the sintered specimens show the better comprehensive mechanical properties,the tensile strength is 606 MPa,the elongation is 14.4%,the hardness is HV 442,and the relative density is 98.6%.However,a relatively short period of gas?solid reaction cannot guarantee the uniform distribution of TiC particles,resulting in the inhomogeneity in the internal and external structures of sintered specimens.
引文
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[2]Morsi K,Patel V V.Processing and properties of titanium-titanium boride(TiBw)matrix composites-a review.J Mater Sci,2007,42(6):2037
[3]Geng L,Ni D R,Zhang J,et al.Hybrid effect of TiBw and TiCp on tensile properties of in situ titanium matrix composites.J Alloys Compd,2008,463(1-2):488
[4]Tang H P,Huang B Y,Liu Y,et al.Progress in powder metallurgy particle reinforced Ti matrix composite.Powder Metall Technol,2004,22(5):293(汤慧萍,黄伯云,刘咏,等.粉末冶金颗粒增强钛基复合材料研究进展.粉末冶金技术,2004,22(5):293)
[5]Fleck N A,Smith R A.Effect of density on tensile strength,fracture toughness,and fatigue crack propagation behaviour of sintered steel.Powder Metall,1981,24(3):121
[6]Zadra M,Girardini L.High-performance,low-cost titanium metal matrix composites.Mater Sci Eng A,2014,608(1):155
[7]Khurram S,Kingshott P,Wen C.Carbon nanotube reinforced titanium metal matrix composites prepared by powder metallurgy-a review.Crit Rev Solid State Mater Sci,2015,40(1):38
[8]Sherif El-Eskandarany M.Structure and properties of nanocrystalline TiC full-density bulk alloy consolidated from mechanically reacted powders.J Alloys Compd,2000,305(1-2):225
[9]Zheng H,Jaganandham K.Thermal conductivity and interface thermal conductance in composites of titanium with graphene platelets.J Heat Transfer,2014,136(6):061301
[10]Kondoh K,Threrujirapapong T,Imai H,et al.CNTs/TiCreinforced titanium matrix nanocomposites via powder metallurgy and its microstructural and mechanical properties.J Nanomater,2008,2008:127538
[11]Xu D,Lu W J,Yang Z F,et al.In situ technique for synthesizing multiple ceramic particulates reinforced titanium matrix composites(TiB+TiC+Y2O3)/Ti.JAlloys Compd,2005,400(1):216
[12]Xie L C,Jiang C H,Lu W J,et al.Investigation on the residual stress and microstructure of(TiB+TiC)/Ti-6Al-4V composite after shot peening.Mater Sci Eng A,2011,528(9):3423
[13]Yang Y,Yang S L.Research status and development prospect of metal matrix composite reinforced by carbon nano-tubes.Mater Rev,2007,21(Suppl 1):182(杨益,杨盛良.碳纳米管增强金属基复合材料的研究现状及展望.材料导报,2007,21(增刊1):182)
[14]Zhou P,Qin J N,LüW J,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of in-situ synthesized titanium matrix composites prepared by powder metallurgy.Powder Metall Ind,2009,19(3):11(周鹏,覃继宁,吕维洁,等.粉末冶金制备原位自生钛基复合材料的显微组织和力学性能研究.粉末冶金工业,2009,19(3):11)
[15]Qin Q,Wang T G,Fan H X.Progress in Ti matrix composites fabricated by powder metallurgy in situ method,Powder Metall Ind,2010,20(5):42(覃群,王天国,范宏训.粉末冶金原位合成法制备钛基复合材料的研究进展.粉末冶金工业,2010,20(5):42)
[16]Li S,Sun B,Imai H,et al.Powder metallurgy Ti-TiCmetal matrix composites prepared by in situ reactive processing of Ti-VGCFs system.Carbon,2013,61:216