南方根结线虫初始接种量对番茄生长的影响及防治指标研究
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摘要
【目的】研究南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incongnita(KofoldWhite)Chitwood)不同初始接种量对番茄生长发育、生物量及产量的影响,确定其防治指标.【方法】在甘肃农业大学试验地采用田间人工接种法进行,供试番茄品种为‘红玉98’,根结线虫采自武威市凉州区温室大棚.【结果】不同初始接虫量对番茄茎叶鲜质量、根茎鲜质量和根系鲜质量均有不同程度的影响,接虫后第100天,处理Ⅲ(1 000粒/株)、Ⅳ(2 000粒/株)和处理Ⅴ(4 000粒/株)的茎叶鲜质量损失率分别达到28.69%、36.81%和50.42%,根茎鲜质量的损失率分别为42.15%、48.24%和59.94%,根系鲜质量的损失率为-6.09%、-6.36%和-21.21%,株高分别只有CK的85.19%、79.08%和75.85%,茎粗分别达到CK的89.68%、95.33%和119.75%.将初始接种量与各处理总产量损失率进行曲线拟合,结果以logistic曲线拟合效果最好(r=0.980 6),防治指标为149.52条(粒)/株.【结论】收获后土壤线虫密度对番茄各处理总产量以指数函数拟合效果最好(R2=0.933 5);收获后土壤线虫密度对各处理产量损失率以对数函数拟合效果最好(R2=0.949 0).
【Objective】To study the effect of initial inoculation amount of the south root-knot nematode on tomato growth,development,biomass and yield,to determine its control index.【Method】M.incongnita from greenhouse in Wuwei City was inoculated on tomato seedlings(cv.‘Hongyu 98')in field.【Result】Initial inoculation amount had significantly effects on stem and leaves weight,root and stem fresh weight and root fresh weight.With the increase of inoculation amount and the time after inoculation,the result shows significant difference.TreatmentsⅢ(1 000pellets/plant),Ⅳ(2 000pellets/plant)and Ⅴ(4 000pellets/plant)reached 28.69%,36.81%and 50.42% of loss rate of stem and leaves weight after 100 days of inoculation.The loss rate of root fresh weight reached 42.15%,48.24% and 59.94%,respectively.The loss rate of root fresh weight was-6.09%,-6.36%and-21.21%.The stem diameter reached 89.68%,95.33% and 119.75%.The fitting curve was logistic with the initial inoculation amount and the rate ofproduction loss.R=0.980 6,control index was 149.52 pellets per plant.【Conclusion】The exponential function is the best of soil nematodes density after the harvest and tomato total production,R2=0.933 5;the logarithmic function is the best of soil nematodes density after the harvest and the rate of yield loss,R2=0.949 0.
【Objective】To study the effect of initial inoculation amount of the south root-knot nematode on tomato growth,development,biomass and yield,to determine its control index.【Method】M.incongnita from greenhouse in Wuwei City was inoculated on tomato seedlings(cv.‘Hongyu 98')in field.【Result】Initial inoculation amount had significantly effects on stem and leaves weight,root and stem fresh weight and root fresh weight.With the increase of inoculation amount and the time after inoculation,the result shows significant difference.TreatmentsⅢ(1 000pellets/plant),Ⅳ(2 000pellets/plant)and Ⅴ(4 000pellets/plant)reached 28.69%,36.81%and 50.42% of loss rate of stem and leaves weight after 100 days of inoculation.The loss rate of root fresh weight reached 42.15%,48.24% and 59.94%,respectively.The loss rate of root fresh weight was-6.09%,-6.36%and-21.21%.The stem diameter reached 89.68%,95.33% and 119.75%.The fitting curve was logistic with the initial inoculation amount and the rate ofproduction loss.R=0.980 6,control index was 149.52 pellets per plant.【Conclusion】The exponential function is the best of soil nematodes density after the harvest and tomato total production,R2=0.933 5;the logarithmic function is the best of soil nematodes density after the harvest and the rate of yield loss,R2=0.949 0.
引文
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[2]郭衍银,王秀峰,徐坤,等.南方根结线虫对生姜生长及内源激素的影响[J].植物保护学报,2004,34(1):49-54
[3]Medina-Filho H P,Stevens M A.Tomato breeding for nematode resistance:survey of resistant varieties for horticultural characteristicsand genotype of acid phospahatases[J].Acta Horiculturae,1980,100:383-393
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[6]郭衍银,王秀峰,徐坤,等.生姜癞皮病的发生危害及病原初步鉴定[J].植物保护,2004,30(1):61-62
[7]郭衍银,徐坤,王秀峰,等.南方根结线虫对生姜生长发育的影响[J].西北农业学报,2005,14(5):155-158
[8]郭衍银,王秀峰,徐坤,等.生姜对南方根结线虫侵染的生理生化反应[J].植物保护学报,2005,35(1):49-54
[9]刘维志.植物病原线虫学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:414-416
[10]刘维志.植物线虫的研究技术[M],沈阳:辽宁科技出版社,1995:19-32
[11]Abdel-Momen S M,Starr J L.Damage functions for three meloidogyne species on arachis hypogaean in Texas[J].J Nemat,1997,29(4):478-483
[12]Wang J,Johnson C S,Eisenback J D,et al.Effects of tobacco cyst nematode on growth of flue-cured tobacco[J].J Nemat,1999,31(3):326-333
[13]王振跃,李洪连,袁虹霞,等.河南省植物线虫病发生危害概况与防治对策[J].河南农业科学,200311:32-33
[14]Davis E L,Mitchum M G.Nematodes.sophisticated parasites of legumes[J].Plant Physiology,2005,137(4):1182-1188
[15]吴华新,郑永利.芹菜根结线虫病对产量的影响与防治指标研究[J].中国园艺文摘,2010(2):38-39
[2]郭衍银,王秀峰,徐坤,等.南方根结线虫对生姜生长及内源激素的影响[J].植物保护学报,2004,34(1):49-54
[3]Medina-Filho H P,Stevens M A.Tomato breeding for nematode resistance:survey of resistant varieties for horticultural characteristicsand genotype of acid phospahatases[J].Acta Horiculturae,1980,100:383-393
[4]宋协松,董炜博,闵平,等.花生根结线虫病产量损失估计与防治指标的研究[J].植物保护学报,1994,21(4):311-315
[5]郭衍银,徐坤,王秀峰,等.南方根结线虫初始接种密度对生姜生长的影响[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(11):2135-2139
[6]郭衍银,王秀峰,徐坤,等.生姜癞皮病的发生危害及病原初步鉴定[J].植物保护,2004,30(1):61-62
[7]郭衍银,徐坤,王秀峰,等.南方根结线虫对生姜生长发育的影响[J].西北农业学报,2005,14(5):155-158
[8]郭衍银,王秀峰,徐坤,等.生姜对南方根结线虫侵染的生理生化反应[J].植物保护学报,2005,35(1):49-54
[9]刘维志.植物病原线虫学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:414-416
[10]刘维志.植物线虫的研究技术[M],沈阳:辽宁科技出版社,1995:19-32
[11]Abdel-Momen S M,Starr J L.Damage functions for three meloidogyne species on arachis hypogaean in Texas[J].J Nemat,1997,29(4):478-483
[12]Wang J,Johnson C S,Eisenback J D,et al.Effects of tobacco cyst nematode on growth of flue-cured tobacco[J].J Nemat,1999,31(3):326-333
[13]王振跃,李洪连,袁虹霞,等.河南省植物线虫病发生危害概况与防治对策[J].河南农业科学,200311:32-33
[14]Davis E L,Mitchum M G.Nematodes.sophisticated parasites of legumes[J].Plant Physiology,2005,137(4):1182-1188
[15]吴华新,郑永利.芹菜根结线虫病对产量的影响与防治指标研究[J].中国园艺文摘,2010(2):38-39