巴布亚盆地东部中侏罗统—下白垩统烃源岩评价及勘探建议
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摘要
以成盆、成烃和成藏理论为指导,应用总有机碳质量分数(w(TOC))、岩石热解、镜质体反射率(Ro)和气相色谱分析(GC),结合油源对比,综合研究并评价巴布亚盆地东部中侏罗统—下白垩统5套最具代表性的烃源岩,在此基础上提出勘探建议。研究结果表明:巴布亚盆地东部中侏罗统Magobu组烃源岩的有机质丰度评级为中等—很好,有机质类型以Ⅰ型与Ⅱ型为主,主要处于成熟—高成熟阶段,是最具有生烃潜力的烃源岩;研究区中、上侏罗统烃源岩发育在冈瓦纳大陆裂解阶段,随着埋深加大,逐步进入成熟阶段,与采收的原油具有很好的亲缘关系,是研究区的主力烃源岩;提出3个有利勘探区带,按勘探潜力由大至小排序为Papuan褶皱带南部—Aure褶皱带范围内的Ⅰ类油气勘探区带、Fly台地东北部—Eastern高地—Papuan高地范围内的Ⅱ类油气勘探区带以及Fly台地西南部范围内的Ⅲ类油气勘探区带。
With the theory guidance of basin evolution, hydrocarbon generation and hydrocarbon accumulation, the total organic carbon content(w(TOC)), rock-eval pyrolysis, vitrinite reflectance(Ro) and gas chromatography(GC) analysis were applied combined with the oil-source rocks correlation. Five sets of source rocks were evaluated from Middle Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous in eastern Papuan Basin and a series of suggestions were evaluated. The results show that the Middle Jurassic Magobu formation possesses organic matter abundance from medium to excellent, type Ⅰ and typeⅡ dominate kerogen type and the majority of these achieves the stage of mature to high mature so that the Magobu formation is the key source rocks that possess the highest hydrocarbon generation potential. The source rocks during the period from the middle to upper Jurassic in the study area develop during the stage of gondwana continent dissociation and achieve the mature gradually with the increase of depth, which are closely related to the crude oil that is collected and deemed as the main source rocks in the study area. Three favorable exploration zones are proposed and sorted by exploration prospect from high to low, i.e., the southern Papuan fold belt—Aure fold belt(type Ⅰ), the northeast of Fly platform—Eastern plateau—Papuan plateau(type Ⅱ) and the Fly platform in the southwest(type Ⅲ).
With the theory guidance of basin evolution, hydrocarbon generation and hydrocarbon accumulation, the total organic carbon content(w(TOC)), rock-eval pyrolysis, vitrinite reflectance(Ro) and gas chromatography(GC) analysis were applied combined with the oil-source rocks correlation. Five sets of source rocks were evaluated from Middle Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous in eastern Papuan Basin and a series of suggestions were evaluated. The results show that the Middle Jurassic Magobu formation possesses organic matter abundance from medium to excellent, type Ⅰ and typeⅡ dominate kerogen type and the majority of these achieves the stage of mature to high mature so that the Magobu formation is the key source rocks that possess the highest hydrocarbon generation potential. The source rocks during the period from the middle to upper Jurassic in the study area develop during the stage of gondwana continent dissociation and achieve the mature gradually with the increase of depth, which are closely related to the crude oil that is collected and deemed as the main source rocks in the study area. Three favorable exploration zones are proposed and sorted by exploration prospect from high to low, i.e., the southern Papuan fold belt—Aure fold belt(type Ⅰ), the northeast of Fly platform—Eastern plateau—Papuan plateau(type Ⅱ) and the Fly platform in the southwest(type Ⅲ).
引文
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[20]何登发,李德生,何金有,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷和西南坳陷油气地质特征类比及勘探启示[J].石油学报,2013,34(2):201-218.HE Dengfa,LI Desheng,HE Jinyou,et al.Comparison in petroleum geology between Kuqa depression and Southwest depression in Tarim Basin and its exploration significance[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(2):201-218.
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[22]SPOONER M,MCCARTHY R.Structural and reservoir development of the western Papuan Basin Gas and Condensate Fields[J].ASEG Extended Abstracts,2018,2018(1):1-25.
[2]康玉柱.中国致密岩油气资源潜力及勘探方向[J].天然气工业,2016,36(10):10-18.KANG Yuzhu.Resource potential of tight sand oil&gas and exploration orientation in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(10):10-18.
[3]BOTH R,CROOK K,TAYLOR B,et al.Hydrothermal chimneys and associated fauna in the Manus Back-Arc Basin,Papua New Guinea[J].Eos Transactions American Geophysical Union,2013,67(6):489-490.
[4]KACZMAREK M A,JONDA L,DAVIES H L.Evidence of melting,melt percolation and deformation in a supra-subduction zone(Marum ophiolite complex,Papua New Guinea)[J].Contributions to Mineralogy&Petrology,2015,170(2):1-23.
[5]FAMIN V,NAKASHIMA S.Hydrothermal fluid venting along a seismogenic detachment fault in the Moresby rift(Woodlark basin,Papua New Guinea)[J].Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems,2013,6(12):27-59.
[6]HILL K C,RAZA A.Arc-continent collision in Papua Guinea:constraints from fission track thermochronology[J].Tectonics,1999,18(6):950-966.
[7]GURNIS M,MüLLER R D,MORESI L.Cretaceous vertical motion of Australia and the Australian antarctic discordance[J].Science,1998,279(5356):1499-1504.
[8]骆宗强,阳怀忠,刘铁树,等.巴布亚盆地构造差异演化及其对油气成藏的控制[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2012,37(S1):143-150.LUO Zongqiang,YANG Huaizhong,LIU Tieshu,et al.Distinct tectonic evolutions and its effect on hydrocarbon accumulation of the Papuan Basin[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2012,37(S1):143-145.
[9]GENA K.Deep sea mining of submarine hydrothermal deposits and its possible environmental impact in Manus Basin,Papua New Guinea[J].Procedia Earth&Planetary Science,2013,6:226-233.
[10]刘湘,郭建华,张琳婷,等.巴布亚盆地晚古生代-新生代构造演化与油气成藏条件[J]中南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,49(1):131-140.LIU Xiang,GUO Jianhua,ZHANG Linting,et al.Late Paleozoic-Cenozoic tectonic evolutions and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of Papuan Basin[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2018,49(1):131-140.
[11]WILSON M E J,LEWIS D,YOGI O,et al.Development of a Papua New Guinean onshore carbonate reservoir:a comparative borehole image(FMI)and petrographic evaluation[J].Marine&Petroleum Geology,2013,44(3):164-195.
[12]MILLER S R,BALDWIN S L,FITZGERALD P G.Transient fluvial incision and active surface uplift in the Woodlark Rift of eastern Papua New Guinea[J].Lithosphere,2012,4(2):131-149.
[13]RAZA A,HILL K C,KORSCH R J.Mid-Cretaceous uplift and denudation of the Bowen and Surat Basins,eastern Australia:relationship to Tasman Sea rifting from apatite fission-track and vitrinite-reflectance data[J].Journal of the Geological Society of Australia,2009,56(3):501-531.
[14]WANG X,BRIAN K,JIN M,et al.Central Asian aridification during the late Eocene to early Miocene inferred from preliminary study of shallow marine-eolian sedimentary rocks from northeastern Tajik Basin[J].Science China(Earth Sciences),2016,59(6):1242-1257.
[15]漆家福,赵贤正,李先平,等.二连盆地早白垩世断陷分布及其与基底构造的关系[J].地学前缘,2015,22(3):118-128.QI Jiafu,ZHAO Xianzheng,LI Xiangping,et al.The distribution of early Cretaceous faulted-sags and their relationship with basement structure within Erlian Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(3):118-128.
[16]郭建华,王明艳,蒋小琼,等.塔里木盆地塔中和满西地区石炭系层序地层[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2004,35(1):122-128.GUO Jianhua,WANG Mingyan,JIANG Xiaoqiong,et al.Sequence stratigraphy of the carboniferous in Tazhong and Manxi areas of Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2004,35(1):122-128.
[17]翟光明,王世洪,何文渊.近十年全球油气勘探热点趋向与启示[J].石油学报,2012,33(Z1):14-19.ZHAI Guangming,WANG Shihong,HE Wenyuan,et al.Hotspot trend and enlightenment of global ten-year hydrocarbon exploration[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(Z1):14-19.
[18]MAHONEY L,HILL K,MCLAREN S,et al.Complex fold and thrust belt structural styles:examples from the Greater Juha area of the Papuan Fold and Thrust Belt,Papua New Guinea[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2017,100:98-119.
[19]贾承造,庞雄奇.深层油气地质理论研究进展与主要发展方向[J].石油学报,2015,36(12):1457-1469.JIA Chengzao,PANG Xiongqi.Research processes and main development directions of deep hydrocarbon geological theories[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(12):1457-1469.
[20]何登发,李德生,何金有,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷和西南坳陷油气地质特征类比及勘探启示[J].石油学报,2013,34(2):201-218.HE Dengfa,LI Desheng,HE Jinyou,et al.Comparison in petroleum geology between Kuqa depression and Southwest depression in Tarim Basin and its exploration significance[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(2):201-218.
[21]SMITH I E M.The chemical characterization and tectonic significance of ophiolite terrains in southeastern Papua New Guinea[J].Tectonics,2013,32(2):159-170.
[22]SPOONER M,MCCARTHY R.Structural and reservoir development of the western Papuan Basin Gas and Condensate Fields[J].ASEG Extended Abstracts,2018,2018(1):1-25.