改革开放40年扶贫开发历程与经验
|
摘要
改革开放以来,中国扶贫工作成效显著,减贫成果在世界范围内得到广泛认可。在40年的扶贫历程中,中国扶贫经历了救济式扶贫开发、大规模扶贫开发、八七扶贫开发、以贫困村为重点对象的扶贫开发、精准扶贫开发五个发展阶段,其中精准扶贫开发阶段成效最为显著。精准扶贫以我国现阶段贫困地区和贫困人口特征为依据,并结合我国当前实情,有效地解决了我国脱贫效率降低问题,精准扶贫充分体现了长短期、国家救助和自我发展、普遍需求和个性需求的结合,最终目的是帮助贫困人口实现长期稳定脱贫和贫困地区可持续发展,进而确保2020年实现全面建成小康社会的伟大目标。
Since the reform and opening policy,poverty alleviation work of China has achieved remarkable results,and the results of poverty reduction have been widely recognized around the world.During the 40 years of poverty alleviation,China has experienced five stages of development:relief development,large-scale poverty alleviation and development,seven-year priority poverty alleviation,poverty alleviation and development focusing on poor villages,and accurate poverty alleviation and development.Among them,accurate poverty alleviation and development stage is the most effective.Accurate poverty alleviation is based on the characteristics of the poverty-stricken areas and the poverty-stricken population in our country at the present stage,and combined with the current situation in our country,it effectively solves the problem that reduces the efficiency of poverty alleviation in our country.The accurate poverty alleviation fully reflects the combination of long and short term,national assistance and self-development,universal demand and individual demand,and the ultimate purpose of the accurate poverty alleviation is to help the poor to achieve long-term and stable poverty eradication and sustainable development in poor areas and to attain the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020.
Since the reform and opening policy,poverty alleviation work of China has achieved remarkable results,and the results of poverty reduction have been widely recognized around the world.During the 40 years of poverty alleviation,China has experienced five stages of development:relief development,large-scale poverty alleviation and development,seven-year priority poverty alleviation,poverty alleviation and development focusing on poor villages,and accurate poverty alleviation and development.Among them,accurate poverty alleviation and development stage is the most effective.Accurate poverty alleviation is based on the characteristics of the poverty-stricken areas and the poverty-stricken population in our country at the present stage,and combined with the current situation in our country,it effectively solves the problem that reduces the efficiency of poverty alleviation in our country.The accurate poverty alleviation fully reflects the combination of long and short term,national assistance and self-development,universal demand and individual demand,and the ultimate purpose of the accurate poverty alleviation is to help the poor to achieve long-term and stable poverty eradication and sustainable development in poor areas and to attain the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020.
引文
[1]范小建.中国农村扶贫开发纲要(2011-2020年)[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2012:20-20.
[2]汪三贵,曾小溪.从区域扶贫开发到精准扶贫---改革开放40年中国扶贫政策的演进及脱贫攻坚的难点和对策[J].农业经济问题,2018(8):40-50.
[3]张磊.中国扶贫开发政策演变(1949-2005年)[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2007:63-64
[4]李周.中国反贫困与可持续发展[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:77-78.
[5]黄承伟.中国扶贫开发道路研究:评述与展望[J].中国农业大学学报,2016(5):5-17.
[6]张惠涛.农村扶贫政策实施绩效研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2011.
[7]胡联,王娜,汪三贵.精准扶贫的理论创新---基于马克思主义政治经济学视角[J].财贸研究,2017(7):1-7.
[8]陈志刚.应对世界性难题中国始终倡导并践行全球减贫事业[EB/OL].http://www.cpad.gov.cn/art/2018/5/24/art_1645_84347.html.
[9]曾小溪,汪三贵.中国大规模减贫的经验:基于扶贫战略和政策的历史考察[J].西北师大学报,2017(6):11-19.
[10]黄承伟.为全球贫困治理贡献中国方案[J].农经,2017(8):36-39.
[11]段洪波,吴震.河北省老龄人口贫困问题研究---基于河北省14个县的田野调查[J].河北大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018(1):112-119.
(1)2018年世界贫困发生率和中国贫困发生率均为世界银行预测数据。
[2]汪三贵,曾小溪.从区域扶贫开发到精准扶贫---改革开放40年中国扶贫政策的演进及脱贫攻坚的难点和对策[J].农业经济问题,2018(8):40-50.
[3]张磊.中国扶贫开发政策演变(1949-2005年)[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2007:63-64
[4]李周.中国反贫困与可持续发展[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:77-78.
[5]黄承伟.中国扶贫开发道路研究:评述与展望[J].中国农业大学学报,2016(5):5-17.
[6]张惠涛.农村扶贫政策实施绩效研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2011.
[7]胡联,王娜,汪三贵.精准扶贫的理论创新---基于马克思主义政治经济学视角[J].财贸研究,2017(7):1-7.
[8]陈志刚.应对世界性难题中国始终倡导并践行全球减贫事业[EB/OL].http://www.cpad.gov.cn/art/2018/5/24/art_1645_84347.html.
[9]曾小溪,汪三贵.中国大规模减贫的经验:基于扶贫战略和政策的历史考察[J].西北师大学报,2017(6):11-19.
[10]黄承伟.为全球贫困治理贡献中国方案[J].农经,2017(8):36-39.
[11]段洪波,吴震.河北省老龄人口贫困问题研究---基于河北省14个县的田野调查[J].河北大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018(1):112-119.
(1)2018年世界贫困发生率和中国贫困发生率均为世界银行预测数据。