保护性干预与惩罚性干预:艾滋病危险性行为干预的价值难题
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摘要
艾滋病危险性行为干预面临的价值难题,即保护性干预与惩罚性干预之间的价值冲突,是目前我国艾滋病危险性行为干预的深层伦理瓶颈,它不仅贯穿于艾滋病危险性行为干预的总体历程,也贯穿在当前艾滋病危险性行为干预的现实实践,并突出地表现在干预对象、价值考量、伦理导向、干预主体四个方面。解决保护性干预和惩罚性干预的价值冲突,必须在坚持以保护性干预为主的理念的基础上,消除公安部门与卫生部门工作的价值冲突;同时,在性教育中突出性健康方面的内容,着力增强安全套推广实效。
The value dilemma of AIDS risk sexual intervention—the value conflict between protective and punitive intervention—is the ethical bottleneck of AIDS risk intervention in China. It runs through the overall course of AIDS risk sexual intervention and the current practice of AIDS risk sexual intervention includes four aspects of distinctive objects: intervention object,value consideration,ethical guidance and intervention subject. To solve the value conflict between protective intervention and punitive intervention,we should adhere to the principles of protective intervention,and eliminate the conflict of values between public security departments and health departments. Meanwhile,we should highlight the contents of sexual health in sex education and enhance the effectiveness of condom promotion.
The value dilemma of AIDS risk sexual intervention—the value conflict between protective and punitive intervention—is the ethical bottleneck of AIDS risk intervention in China. It runs through the overall course of AIDS risk sexual intervention and the current practice of AIDS risk sexual intervention includes four aspects of distinctive objects: intervention object,value consideration,ethical guidance and intervention subject. To solve the value conflict between protective intervention and punitive intervention,we should adhere to the principles of protective intervention,and eliminate the conflict of values between public security departments and health departments. Meanwhile,we should highlight the contents of sexual health in sex education and enhance the effectiveness of condom promotion.
引文
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[2]邱仁宗.生命伦理学[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2010:224.
[3]卫生部.关于加强监测、严防艾滋病传入的报告[(85)卫报防字第78号][EB/OL].(2012-12-03)[2018-04-26].http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_a358d1a201014x7m.html.
[4]卫生部.卫生部关于加强预防和控制艾滋病工作的意见[EB/OL].(2003-11-07)[2018-04-26].http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2003-11-07/01002084671.shtml.
[5]朱海林.艾滋病防控面临的道德冲突及协调[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2013:105.
[6]卢风,肖巍.应用伦理学导论[M].北京:当代中国出版社,2002:200.
[7]中国疾控中心.男男性行为人群艾滋病综合防治试点工作方案[J].家庭医学(下半月),2016(1):62-63.
[8]中华人民共和国卫生部.高危行为干预工作指导方案(试行)[J].中国生育健康杂志,2005,16(4):196-198.