国家越野滑雪队女队员芬兰备战冬奥会期间血尿素指标分析
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摘要
血尿素作为评定运动员疲劳情况的一项生理指标已经被广泛应用到运动训练监控中。以5名国家越野滑雪女队员为研究对象,采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、观察法和数理统计法等,分析在越野滑雪项目周期运动训练中血尿素与运动负荷之间的关系。经统计分析发现,5名越野滑雪女队员前六周巩固机能训练阶段血尿素基础值为4.6±1.15 mmol/L,第七周提高身体机能阶段血尿素运动值为6.45±1.45 mmol/L,八到十五周巩固恢复阶段血尿素恢复值为4.5±1.0 mmol/L。通过了解在训练期间血尿素的一些变化性的特征表现,分析运动员对运动负荷的适应能力与疲劳程度,判断运动员机能情况与训练负荷安排的合理性,为今后越野滑雪的训练监控提供科学理论支持。
Blood urea as a physiological indicator for assessing athletes' fatigue has been widely used in sports training monitoring.Five national cross-country skiing female players are used as research objects,using literature data,expert interviews,observation methods and mathematical statistics.The law analyzes the relationship between blood urea and exercise load in the periodic exercise training of cross-country skiing.According to statistical analysis,in preparation phrase the blood urea of the basic value of 5 cross-country skiing female players is 4.6±1.15 mmol/L,in enhancement phrase the the blood urea of exercise value is 6.45±1.45 mmol/L,and in recovery phrase the the blood urea of recovery value is 4.5±1.0 mmol/L.By understanding some variability of blood urea.The characteristics are expressed during training,analyzing the athlete's ability to adapt to the exercise load and the degree of fatigue,judging the athlete's functional situation and the rationality of the training load arrangement,and providing scientific theoretical support for the training monitoring of cross-country skiing in the future.
Blood urea as a physiological indicator for assessing athletes' fatigue has been widely used in sports training monitoring.Five national cross-country skiing female players are used as research objects,using literature data,expert interviews,observation methods and mathematical statistics.The law analyzes the relationship between blood urea and exercise load in the periodic exercise training of cross-country skiing.According to statistical analysis,in preparation phrase the blood urea of the basic value of 5 cross-country skiing female players is 4.6±1.15 mmol/L,in enhancement phrase the the blood urea of exercise value is 6.45±1.45 mmol/L,and in recovery phrase the the blood urea of recovery value is 4.5±1.0 mmol/L.By understanding some variability of blood urea.The characteristics are expressed during training,analyzing the athlete's ability to adapt to the exercise load and the degree of fatigue,judging the athlete's functional situation and the rationality of the training load arrangement,and providing scientific theoretical support for the training monitoring of cross-country skiing in the future.
引文
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[11] 王剑虹,李刚.雪上运动损伤研究综述[J].冰雪运动,2018,40(1):11-14.
[12]王岩.越野滑雪运动员体能训练要点[J].冰雪运动,2017,39(4):38-41.
[13] 王乐,优秀男子铁人三项运动员赛前训练周期中血红蛋白,血尿素,肌酸激酶和睾酮值的变化分析[J],辽宁体育科技,2011,33(2):59-60.
[14] 夏书,男子皮艇运动员不同训练阶段血红蛋白对血尿素氮变化规律的影响[J],通化师范学院学报,2009,30(12):54-56.
[15] 冯连世,冯美云,冯炜权.优秀运动员身体机能评定方法[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2003.
[2] Zoppirolli C1,Pellegrini B,Effects of short-term fatigue on biomechanical and physiological aspects of double poling in high-level cross-country skiers[J].Hum Mov Sci.2016,Jun;47:88-97.
[3] 王永梅,李世昌.优秀皮划艇运动员小周期训练期间血尿素的变化特征分析[J].浙江体育科学,2009,31(1):126-128.
[4] 李大同,李美娜.青少年越野滑雪运动员运动损伤特征及预防[J],冰雪运动,2015,37(5):17-21.
[5] 陈国光,杨翠敏.越野滑雪运动训练中常见问题与防治措施[J].冰雪运动,2015,37(4):26-28.
[6] 王岩.越野滑雪运动员体能训练研究[J].冰雪运动2017,39(5):38-41.
[7] 张勇,张亮.一次性大运动量训练对男性跆拳道运动员生化指标的影响[J].成都体育学院学报,2009,35(3):86-88.
[8] 李欣.利用血尿素(urea)监控优秀越野滑雪运动员运动能力的研究[J].冰雪运动,2003,12(4):61-62.
[9] 冯连世,冯美云,冯炜权.运动训练的生理生化监控方法[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2003.
[10] 徐博,尹振山.高山滑雪运动员的生化监控和营养补充[J],冰雪运动,2009,31(4):20-30.
[11] 王剑虹,李刚.雪上运动损伤研究综述[J].冰雪运动,2018,40(1):11-14.
[12]王岩.越野滑雪运动员体能训练要点[J].冰雪运动,2017,39(4):38-41.
[13] 王乐,优秀男子铁人三项运动员赛前训练周期中血红蛋白,血尿素,肌酸激酶和睾酮值的变化分析[J],辽宁体育科技,2011,33(2):59-60.
[14] 夏书,男子皮艇运动员不同训练阶段血红蛋白对血尿素氮变化规律的影响[J],通化师范学院学报,2009,30(12):54-56.
[15] 冯连世,冯美云,冯炜权.优秀运动员身体机能评定方法[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2003.