刑民交叉案件的刑法适用
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摘要
刑民交叉案件是指刑事法律关系和民事法律关系交叉的案件,此类案件容易混淆民事不法和刑事犯罪之间的界限,因此,应当从理论上进行深入的研究,为司法实践正确区分民事不法和刑事犯罪提供刑法教义学的根据。在司法实践中,刑民交叉案件的犯罪认定,可以分为以下三种情形分别处理:(1)形式看似民事法律行为,实质上属于刑事犯罪行为;(2)形式上看似刑事犯罪行为,实质上属于民事法律行为;(3)刑事犯罪关系和民事法律关系的交织。民法是形式思维,强调法律关系。但刑法与之不同,具有实质判断的性质。因此,在处理刑民交叉案件的时候,应当注意民法和刑法在法律思维方法上的差异。
Criminal-Civil Overlapping Cases refer to those cases in which criminal law and civil law overlap. In these cases, it is easy to blur the distinction between criminal wrong and criminal wrong. Therefore, it is necessary to make a thorough study and provide doctrinal basis for the judicial practice. In judicial practice, the distinction among Criminal-Civil Overlapping Cases can be made through three approaches: first, formally seems to be civil case while substantially should be criminal case; second, formally seems to be criminal case while substantially should be civil case; third, cases in which civil and criminal law overlap. Civil law adheres to formal legal reasoning and emphasizes legal relationship. On the contrary, criminal law is of the nature of substantial assessment. Therefore, when dealing Criminal-Civil Overlapping Cases, the difference between criminal law and civil law in terms of legal reasoning should be noticed.
Criminal-Civil Overlapping Cases refer to those cases in which criminal law and civil law overlap. In these cases, it is easy to blur the distinction between criminal wrong and criminal wrong. Therefore, it is necessary to make a thorough study and provide doctrinal basis for the judicial practice. In judicial practice, the distinction among Criminal-Civil Overlapping Cases can be made through three approaches: first, formally seems to be civil case while substantially should be criminal case; second, formally seems to be criminal case while substantially should be civil case; third, cases in which civil and criminal law overlap. Civil law adheres to formal legal reasoning and emphasizes legal relationship. On the contrary, criminal law is of the nature of substantial assessment. Therefore, when dealing Criminal-Civil Overlapping Cases, the difference between criminal law and civil law in terms of legal reasoning should be noticed.
引文
[1]何帆.刑民交叉案件审理的基本思路[M].北京:中国法制出版社,2007.
[2]张卫平. 民刑交叉诉讼关系处理的规则与法理[J]. 法学研究,2018,(3):102-117.
[3]王利明. 民法总论(第二版)[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2015.
[4]周光权. 非法倒卖、转让土地使用权罪研究[J]. 法学论坛,2014,(5):25-29.
[5][德]汉斯·海因里希·耶赛克,托马斯·魏根特. 德国刑法教科书(上)[M].徐久生,译.北京:中国法制出版社,2017.
[6][日]大谷实. 刑法讲义各论(新版第2版)[M].黎宏,译. 北京:中国人民大学出版社,2008.
(1)刑民交叉和民刑交叉含义是相同的,本文在使用的时候,一般采用刑民交叉一词,特此说明。
(2)参见:《最高院关于“刑民交叉”问题的九个公布案例》,http://www.360doc.com/content/16/0330/01/18154090_546415813.shtml,2018年4月28日访问。
[2]张卫平. 民刑交叉诉讼关系处理的规则与法理[J]. 法学研究,2018,(3):102-117.
[3]王利明. 民法总论(第二版)[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2015.
[4]周光权. 非法倒卖、转让土地使用权罪研究[J]. 法学论坛,2014,(5):25-29.
[5][德]汉斯·海因里希·耶赛克,托马斯·魏根特. 德国刑法教科书(上)[M].徐久生,译.北京:中国法制出版社,2017.
[6][日]大谷实. 刑法讲义各论(新版第2版)[M].黎宏,译. 北京:中国人民大学出版社,2008.
(1)刑民交叉和民刑交叉含义是相同的,本文在使用的时候,一般采用刑民交叉一词,特此说明。
(2)参见:《最高院关于“刑民交叉”问题的九个公布案例》,http://www.360doc.com/content/16/0330/01/18154090_546415813.shtml,2018年4月28日访问。