巫山县乡村地区公路网通达性空间格局研究
|
摘要
以巫山县为研究区域,运用GIS技术,以乡镇和行政村为节点单元,采用公路网密度、乡镇间直达性指数、乡镇内直达性指数、居民点道路临近性、乡镇间节点可达性指数、乡镇内节点可达性指数、干线衔接距离、地形位指数8项指标,引入熵权-TOPSIS模型,综合分析和评价巫山县乡村地区公路网通达性及其空间分布格局。研究表明,各项指标对巫山县乡村公路网的影响程度由高到低为:公路网密度>地形位指数>干线衔接距离>居民点临近性>乡镇内直达性指数>乡镇间节点可达性指数>乡镇内节点可达性指数>乡镇间直达性指数;除中心城区外,各乡镇贴近度为0.170 0～0.831 9,区域差异明显,其中铜鼓最高,当阳最低;整体上,巫山县乡村公路通达性以中等、较好等级为主,通达性空间格局总体以铜鼓、建平、三溪为核往外围扩散,与交通干线骨架吻合度较高,呈现"三核、一环、一域"的空间格局。研究成果对巫山县山区乡村公路网建设和优化有一定的指导作用,在一定程度上完善了乡村地区公路网通达性分析和评价方法。
Based on the GIS technology, this study comprehensively analyzes the accessibility and spatial distribution structure of rural highway in Wushan county by using entropy-weight TOPSIS method with 8 research indicators,taking towns and villages as the nodes. The results show that the influence of the indexes ranks as follows: highway network density > topographic location > trunk link distance > residential area proximity > direct arrival for nodes within the same towns > accessibility between different towns > accessibility for nodes within the same town > direct arrival between different towns. Beside the central urban area, the closeness of all towns ranges from 0.170 0 to 0.8319,with obvious regional variation, in which Tonggu ranks the highest while Dangyang ranks the lowest. In general,accessibility of rural roads in Wushan county is estimated as mainly medium and good levels. It also takes a good consistency with the backbone of the traffic trunk line, presenting a spatial structure of"three cores, one ring and one domain", which declines outside the three core areas in Tonggu, Jianping and Sanxi. Our study contributes to the construction and optimization of rural highway network in Wushan mountainous area, improving the analysis and evaluation method of highway network accessibility in rural areas to some extent.
Based on the GIS technology, this study comprehensively analyzes the accessibility and spatial distribution structure of rural highway in Wushan county by using entropy-weight TOPSIS method with 8 research indicators,taking towns and villages as the nodes. The results show that the influence of the indexes ranks as follows: highway network density > topographic location > trunk link distance > residential area proximity > direct arrival for nodes within the same towns > accessibility between different towns > accessibility for nodes within the same town > direct arrival between different towns. Beside the central urban area, the closeness of all towns ranges from 0.170 0 to 0.8319,with obvious regional variation, in which Tonggu ranks the highest while Dangyang ranks the lowest. In general,accessibility of rural roads in Wushan county is estimated as mainly medium and good levels. It also takes a good consistency with the backbone of the traffic trunk line, presenting a spatial structure of"three cores, one ring and one domain", which declines outside the three core areas in Tonggu, Jianping and Sanxi. Our study contributes to the construction and optimization of rural highway network in Wushan mountainous area, improving the analysis and evaluation method of highway network accessibility in rural areas to some extent.
引文
[1] FARRINGTON J, FARRINGTON C. Rural accessibility, social inclusion and social justice:Towards conceptualization[J].Journal of Transport Geography, 2005, 13(1):1-12.
[2] VELAGA N R, ROTSTEIN N D, OREN N, et al.Development of an integrated flexible transport systems platform for rural areas using argumentation theory[J].Research in Transportation Business&Management, 2012, 15(3):62-70.
[3]陈少沛,丘健妮.广州城市通达性综合评价及空间差异[J].地理科学进展,2014,33(4):467-487.CHEN S P, QIU J N. Urban accessibility evaluation and spatial differentiation in Guangzhou[J].Progress in Geography, 2014, 33(4):467-487.
[4] MASOUMI H E. Modeling the travel behavior impacts of micro-Scale land use and socio-economic factors[J].TeMA-Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 2013, 6(6):235-250.
[5] ANA N M, CáRDENAS A G. Research on the accessibility to health and educational services in the rural areas in Extremadura[J].European Countryside, 2015,7(1):57-67.
[6] VANDENBULCKE G, STEENBERGHEN T,THOMAS I. Mapping accessibility in Belgium:A tool for land-use and transport planning[J].Journal of Transport Geography, 2009, 17(1):39-53.
[7] SANTOS G, BEHRENDT H, TEYTELBOYM A.Part II:Policy instruments for sustainable road transport[J].Research in Transportation Economics, 2010, 28(1):46-91.
[8]胡浩,王姣娥,金凤君.基于可达性的中小文化旅游城市旅游潜力分析[J].地理科学进展, 2012, 31(6):808-816.HU H, WANG J E, JIN F J. Tourism potential analysis of the medium and small-sized cultural tourist cities based on accessibility[J].Progress in Geography, 2012, 31(6):808-816.
[9]梅志雄,徐颂军,欧阳军.珠三角公路通达性演化及其对城市潜力的影响[J].地理科学, 2013, 33(5):513-520.MEI Z X, XU S J, OUYANG J. Road network accessibility and its influence on city potential in Zhujiang river delta[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2013, 33(5):513-520.
[10]陈春,王秉德,沈昊婧.重庆市公路网络通达性格局研究[J].长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(5):702-707.CHEN C, WANG B D, SHEN H J. Research on accessibility pattern of the road network in Chongqing[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2016, 25(5):702-707.
[11]李沛权,曹小曙.广佛都市圈公路网络通达性及其空间格局[J].经济地理, 2011, 31(3):371-378.LI P Q, CAO X S. The road network accessibility and spatial pattern of Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan area[J].Economy Geography, 2011, 31(3):371-378.
[12]李秋芳,李仁杰,傅学庆,等.基于空间句法的城市立体交通通达性模型及其应用—以石家庄市为例[J].地理与地理信息科学, 2015, 31(2):70-75.LI Q F, LI R J, FU X Q, et al. Accessibility model and its application for three-dimensional traffic in city based on space syntax:A case study of Shijiazhuang[J].Geography and Geo-Information Science,2015, 31(2):70-75.
[13]刘承良,段德忠,余瑞林.武汉城市圈城乡道路网通达性的空间演化[J].经济地理,2013,33(9):44-50.LIU C L, DUAN D Z, YU R L. Spatial evolution of space-time distance accessibility of urban-rural road network in Wuhan metropolitan area[J].Economy Geography, 2013, 33(9):43-50.
[14]王武林,王妙妙,曹小曙. 1978—2012年武陵山区公路通达性演化及其对经济发展的影响[J].地理研究,2015,34(9):1755-1769.WANG W L, WANG M M, CAO X S. Evolution of road accessibility and its effects on economy development in Wuling mountain areas from 1978 to2012[J].Geographical Research, 2015, 34(9):1755-1769.
[15]申怀飞,沈宁娟,林英豪,等.中原经济区干线公路路网通达性研究[J].地域研究与开发, 2017, 36(3):7-11.SHEN H F, SHEN N J, LIN Y H, et al. Accessibility of trunk highway in central plain economic region[J].Areal Research and Development, 2017, 36(3):7-11.
[16]李志,周生路,吴绍华,等.南京地铁对城市公共交通网络通达性的影响及地价增值响应[J].地理学报,2014, 69(2):255-267.LI Z, ZHOU S L, WU S H, et al. The impact of metro lines on public transit accessibility and land value capture in Nanjing[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(2):255-267.
[17]殷江滨,黄晓燕,洪国志,等.交通通达性对中国城市增长趋同影响的空间计量分析[J].地理学报,2016, 71(10):1767-1783.YIN J B, HUANG X Y, HONG G Z, et al. The effect of transport accessibility on urban growth convergence in China:A spatial econometric analysis[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(10):1767-1783.
[18]潘裕娟,曹小曙.乡村地区公路网通达性水平研究—以广东省连州市12乡镇为例[J].人文地理,2010(1):94-99.PAN Y J, CAO X S. Comprehensive accessibility level of rural road network:A case study of Lianzhou city, Guangdong province[J].Human Geography,2010(1):94-99.
[19]李星星,李同昇.乡村地区路网通达性研究—以陕西省丹凤县为例[J].人文地理, 2012(3):78-85.LI X X, LI T S. Study on road network accessibility in rural areas:A case study of Danfeng county,Shanxi province[J].Human Geography, 2012(3):78-85.
[20]王建伟,毛韬,付鑫.基于ESDA的西北地区公路网分布空间差异分析[J].干旱区地理, 2013, 36(2):329-336.WANG J W, MAO T, FU X. Spatial disparities of the distribution of highway network in Northwest China based on exploratory spatial data analysis[J].Arid Land Geography, 2013, 36(2):329-336.
[21]黄江效,伍世代,伍博炜.东南沿海农村地区公路网通达性研究—以福建省霞浦县为例[J].贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 33(1):18-23.HUANG J X, WU S D, WU B W. Study on road network accessibility in Southeast coastal rural areas:A case study of Xiapu county, Fujian province[J].Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Natural Sciences), 2015, 33(1):18-23.
[22]陈晨,程林,修春亮.沈阳市中心城区交通网络中心性及其与第三产业经济密度空间分布的关系[J].地理科学进展, 2013, 32(11):1612-1621.CHEN C, CHENG L, XIU C L. Distribution of centrality of traffic network and its relationship with economic density of tertiary industry in Shenyang[J].Progress in Geography, 2013, 32(11):1612-1621.
[23]焦欢,周启刚,李辉,等.西南典型低山丘陵区农村居民点适宜性评价与整治规划分区研究[J].水土保持研究, 2015, 22(5):204-209.JIAO H, ZHOU Q G, LI H, et al. Suitability evaluation and research for reconstruction planning of rural settlement in Southwest typical low hilly land area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015, 22(5):204-209.
[24]王宁,杜豫川.社区居民适宜步行距离阈值研究[J].交通运输研究,2015,1(2):20-24.WANG N, DU Y C. Resident walking distance threshold of community[J].Transport Research,2015, 1(2):20-24.
[25]马雪莹,邵景安,徐新良.基于熵权-TOPSIS的山区乡镇通达性研究:以重庆市石柱县为例[J].地理科学进展, 2016, 35(9):1144-1154.MA X Y, SHAO J A, XU X L. Rural transportation accessibility in mountainous areas based on the entropy-weight TOPSIS method:A case study of Shizhu county, Chongqing municipality[J].Progress in Geography, 2016,35(9):1144-1154.
[26]程钰,刘雷,任建兰,等.县域综合交通可达性与经济发展水平测度及空间格局研究—对山东省91个县域的定量分析[J].地理科学, 2013, 33(9):1058-1065.CHENG Y, LIU L, REN J L, et al. The measuring and spatial structure between comprehensive transportation accessibility and the level of economic development at county level:Case of of 91 counties in Shandong province[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2013, 33(9):1058-1065.
[2] VELAGA N R, ROTSTEIN N D, OREN N, et al.Development of an integrated flexible transport systems platform for rural areas using argumentation theory[J].Research in Transportation Business&Management, 2012, 15(3):62-70.
[3]陈少沛,丘健妮.广州城市通达性综合评价及空间差异[J].地理科学进展,2014,33(4):467-487.CHEN S P, QIU J N. Urban accessibility evaluation and spatial differentiation in Guangzhou[J].Progress in Geography, 2014, 33(4):467-487.
[4] MASOUMI H E. Modeling the travel behavior impacts of micro-Scale land use and socio-economic factors[J].TeMA-Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 2013, 6(6):235-250.
[5] ANA N M, CáRDENAS A G. Research on the accessibility to health and educational services in the rural areas in Extremadura[J].European Countryside, 2015,7(1):57-67.
[6] VANDENBULCKE G, STEENBERGHEN T,THOMAS I. Mapping accessibility in Belgium:A tool for land-use and transport planning[J].Journal of Transport Geography, 2009, 17(1):39-53.
[7] SANTOS G, BEHRENDT H, TEYTELBOYM A.Part II:Policy instruments for sustainable road transport[J].Research in Transportation Economics, 2010, 28(1):46-91.
[8]胡浩,王姣娥,金凤君.基于可达性的中小文化旅游城市旅游潜力分析[J].地理科学进展, 2012, 31(6):808-816.HU H, WANG J E, JIN F J. Tourism potential analysis of the medium and small-sized cultural tourist cities based on accessibility[J].Progress in Geography, 2012, 31(6):808-816.
[9]梅志雄,徐颂军,欧阳军.珠三角公路通达性演化及其对城市潜力的影响[J].地理科学, 2013, 33(5):513-520.MEI Z X, XU S J, OUYANG J. Road network accessibility and its influence on city potential in Zhujiang river delta[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2013, 33(5):513-520.
[10]陈春,王秉德,沈昊婧.重庆市公路网络通达性格局研究[J].长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(5):702-707.CHEN C, WANG B D, SHEN H J. Research on accessibility pattern of the road network in Chongqing[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2016, 25(5):702-707.
[11]李沛权,曹小曙.广佛都市圈公路网络通达性及其空间格局[J].经济地理, 2011, 31(3):371-378.LI P Q, CAO X S. The road network accessibility and spatial pattern of Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan area[J].Economy Geography, 2011, 31(3):371-378.
[12]李秋芳,李仁杰,傅学庆,等.基于空间句法的城市立体交通通达性模型及其应用—以石家庄市为例[J].地理与地理信息科学, 2015, 31(2):70-75.LI Q F, LI R J, FU X Q, et al. Accessibility model and its application for three-dimensional traffic in city based on space syntax:A case study of Shijiazhuang[J].Geography and Geo-Information Science,2015, 31(2):70-75.
[13]刘承良,段德忠,余瑞林.武汉城市圈城乡道路网通达性的空间演化[J].经济地理,2013,33(9):44-50.LIU C L, DUAN D Z, YU R L. Spatial evolution of space-time distance accessibility of urban-rural road network in Wuhan metropolitan area[J].Economy Geography, 2013, 33(9):43-50.
[14]王武林,王妙妙,曹小曙. 1978—2012年武陵山区公路通达性演化及其对经济发展的影响[J].地理研究,2015,34(9):1755-1769.WANG W L, WANG M M, CAO X S. Evolution of road accessibility and its effects on economy development in Wuling mountain areas from 1978 to2012[J].Geographical Research, 2015, 34(9):1755-1769.
[15]申怀飞,沈宁娟,林英豪,等.中原经济区干线公路路网通达性研究[J].地域研究与开发, 2017, 36(3):7-11.SHEN H F, SHEN N J, LIN Y H, et al. Accessibility of trunk highway in central plain economic region[J].Areal Research and Development, 2017, 36(3):7-11.
[16]李志,周生路,吴绍华,等.南京地铁对城市公共交通网络通达性的影响及地价增值响应[J].地理学报,2014, 69(2):255-267.LI Z, ZHOU S L, WU S H, et al. The impact of metro lines on public transit accessibility and land value capture in Nanjing[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(2):255-267.
[17]殷江滨,黄晓燕,洪国志,等.交通通达性对中国城市增长趋同影响的空间计量分析[J].地理学报,2016, 71(10):1767-1783.YIN J B, HUANG X Y, HONG G Z, et al. The effect of transport accessibility on urban growth convergence in China:A spatial econometric analysis[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(10):1767-1783.
[18]潘裕娟,曹小曙.乡村地区公路网通达性水平研究—以广东省连州市12乡镇为例[J].人文地理,2010(1):94-99.PAN Y J, CAO X S. Comprehensive accessibility level of rural road network:A case study of Lianzhou city, Guangdong province[J].Human Geography,2010(1):94-99.
[19]李星星,李同昇.乡村地区路网通达性研究—以陕西省丹凤县为例[J].人文地理, 2012(3):78-85.LI X X, LI T S. Study on road network accessibility in rural areas:A case study of Danfeng county,Shanxi province[J].Human Geography, 2012(3):78-85.
[20]王建伟,毛韬,付鑫.基于ESDA的西北地区公路网分布空间差异分析[J].干旱区地理, 2013, 36(2):329-336.WANG J W, MAO T, FU X. Spatial disparities of the distribution of highway network in Northwest China based on exploratory spatial data analysis[J].Arid Land Geography, 2013, 36(2):329-336.
[21]黄江效,伍世代,伍博炜.东南沿海农村地区公路网通达性研究—以福建省霞浦县为例[J].贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 33(1):18-23.HUANG J X, WU S D, WU B W. Study on road network accessibility in Southeast coastal rural areas:A case study of Xiapu county, Fujian province[J].Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Natural Sciences), 2015, 33(1):18-23.
[22]陈晨,程林,修春亮.沈阳市中心城区交通网络中心性及其与第三产业经济密度空间分布的关系[J].地理科学进展, 2013, 32(11):1612-1621.CHEN C, CHENG L, XIU C L. Distribution of centrality of traffic network and its relationship with economic density of tertiary industry in Shenyang[J].Progress in Geography, 2013, 32(11):1612-1621.
[23]焦欢,周启刚,李辉,等.西南典型低山丘陵区农村居民点适宜性评价与整治规划分区研究[J].水土保持研究, 2015, 22(5):204-209.JIAO H, ZHOU Q G, LI H, et al. Suitability evaluation and research for reconstruction planning of rural settlement in Southwest typical low hilly land area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015, 22(5):204-209.
[24]王宁,杜豫川.社区居民适宜步行距离阈值研究[J].交通运输研究,2015,1(2):20-24.WANG N, DU Y C. Resident walking distance threshold of community[J].Transport Research,2015, 1(2):20-24.
[25]马雪莹,邵景安,徐新良.基于熵权-TOPSIS的山区乡镇通达性研究:以重庆市石柱县为例[J].地理科学进展, 2016, 35(9):1144-1154.MA X Y, SHAO J A, XU X L. Rural transportation accessibility in mountainous areas based on the entropy-weight TOPSIS method:A case study of Shizhu county, Chongqing municipality[J].Progress in Geography, 2016,35(9):1144-1154.
[26]程钰,刘雷,任建兰,等.县域综合交通可达性与经济发展水平测度及空间格局研究—对山东省91个县域的定量分析[J].地理科学, 2013, 33(9):1058-1065.CHENG Y, LIU L, REN J L, et al. The measuring and spatial structure between comprehensive transportation accessibility and the level of economic development at county level:Case of of 91 counties in Shandong province[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2013, 33(9):1058-1065.