广西2015年人体重点寄生虫感染现状调查
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摘要
目的了解和分析广西人体重点寄生虫病的流行现状和态势,为制定寄生虫病防治对策提供科学依据。方法 2014—2015年,采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取17个县(市、区)为调查县(市),再从这些县(市)抽取22个农村调查点和24个城镇调查点,采集1岁以上常住居民(居住超过6个月以上)粪样,采用改良加藤厚涂片法检测肠道蠕虫卵并计数,采用透明胶纸肛拭法检测3～6岁农村儿童蛲虫卵,采用直接涂片法检测肠道原虫滋养体或包囊。结果共调查11 938人,肠道蠕虫总感染率为13.41%(1 601/11 938)。检出钩虫、蛔虫、鞭虫、蛲虫和华支睾吸虫等5种肠道蠕虫,钩虫、蛔虫、鞭虫和华支睾吸虫感染率分别为2.11%(252/11 938)、0.67%(80/11 938)、0.77%(92/11 938)和9.62%(1 148/11 938);3～6岁儿童蛲虫感染率为8.69%(51/587);肠道原虫感染率为4.31%(246/5 702)。肠道蠕虫感染率男、女性分别为16.41%(945/5 758)和10.61%(656/6 180),男性高于女性;40～49岁年龄组人群感染率最高,为20.08%(431/2 146);壮族人群感染率为22.18%(1 094/4 932),较其他民族高。结论广西人群肠道蠕虫、原虫感染率较第1、第2次全国寄调有较大幅度下降,华支睾吸虫是现阶段感染最严重的肠道蠕虫,应成为今后预防和治疗寄生虫病的重点。
Objective To understand and analyse the current status of human important parasitic infections in GuangxiProvince, and provide scientific basis for formulating the prevention and control measures for parasites. Methods Stratifiedcluster sampling was made to randomly select 22 rural and 24 town survey sites from 17 counties(cities and districts) in theprovince from 2014 to 2015. Fecal samples were collected from subjects with over 1 year old(living for more than 6 months),and intestinal helminth eggs were detected by modified Kato-Katz thick smear method. The eggs of E. vermicularis wasdetected in children aged 3 to 6 years old by adhesive tape technique.The direct smear method was used to detect intestinalprotozoan cysts and trophozoites. Results A total of 11 938 people were examined, and the total intestinal helminths infectionrate was 13.41%(1 601/11 938). Five kinds of intestinal worms were detected: Ancylostoma sp., A. lumbricoides, T.trichiura, E.vermicularis and C.sinensis. The infection rate of Ancylostoma sp., A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura and C. sinensis were 2.11%(252/11 938), 0.67%(80/11 938), 0.77%(92/11 938) and 9.62%(1 148/11 938); while E. vermicularis for children aged 3-6 years was8.69%(51/587). The intestinal protozoa infection rate was 4.31%(246/5 702). The intestinal helminths infection rate in maleswas 16.41%(945/5 758) significantly higher than that in females[10.61%(656/6 180)]. Among different age groups, infectionrate in 40-49 group was 20.08%(431/2 146), higher than others. Zhuang minority people[22.18%(1 094/4 932)]were slightlyhigher than that in other groups. Conclusion Compared with the first and second national investigation, the infection rate ofintestinal helminths and protozoa declined sharply in Guangxi Province. But C. sinensis infection was the most infected parasitethat should be the main point of prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases in the future.
Objective To understand and analyse the current status of human important parasitic infections in GuangxiProvince, and provide scientific basis for formulating the prevention and control measures for parasites. Methods Stratifiedcluster sampling was made to randomly select 22 rural and 24 town survey sites from 17 counties(cities and districts) in theprovince from 2014 to 2015. Fecal samples were collected from subjects with over 1 year old(living for more than 6 months),and intestinal helminth eggs were detected by modified Kato-Katz thick smear method. The eggs of E. vermicularis wasdetected in children aged 3 to 6 years old by adhesive tape technique.The direct smear method was used to detect intestinalprotozoan cysts and trophozoites. Results A total of 11 938 people were examined, and the total intestinal helminths infectionrate was 13.41%(1 601/11 938). Five kinds of intestinal worms were detected: Ancylostoma sp., A. lumbricoides, T.trichiura, E.vermicularis and C.sinensis. The infection rate of Ancylostoma sp., A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura and C. sinensis were 2.11%(252/11 938), 0.67%(80/11 938), 0.77%(92/11 938) and 9.62%(1 148/11 938); while E. vermicularis for children aged 3-6 years was8.69%(51/587). The intestinal protozoa infection rate was 4.31%(246/5 702). The intestinal helminths infection rate in maleswas 16.41%(945/5 758) significantly higher than that in females[10.61%(656/6 180)]. Among different age groups, infectionrate in 40-49 group was 20.08%(431/2 146), higher than others. Zhuang minority people[22.18%(1 094/4 932)]were slightlyhigher than that in other groups. Conclusion Compared with the first and second national investigation, the infection rate ofintestinal helminths and protozoa declined sharply in Guangxi Province. But C. sinensis infection was the most infected parasitethat should be the main point of prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases in the future.
引文
[1]杨益超,黎学铭,许洪波,等.广西人体重要寄生虫病现状调查[J].中国病原生物学杂志, 2007, 2(5):368-370,359.
[2]甘耀成,黄甲,黄健,等.广西人体寄生虫分布情况的调查[J].中国寄生虫与寄生虫病杂志,1994,12(S1):31-36.
[3]杨益超,黎学铭,黄铿凌,等.广西壮族自治区容县寄生虫病综合防治示范区项目成本-效益分析[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2011, 23(5):566-568.
[4]黎学铭,杨益超,欧阳颐,等.国家级寄生虫病综合防治示范区的防治效果及措施评价[J].应用预防医学, 2012, 18(6):346-350.
[5]万孝玲,杨益超,区方奇,等. 2006-2010年广西武鸣县土源性线虫病监测结果分析[J].国际医学寄生虫病杂志, 2012, 39(6):332-336.
[6]诸廷俊,周长海,王聚君,等. 8个干预示范区停止干预措施后土源性线虫病的控制现状评价[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2017, 35(5):439-444.
[7]金伟,郭见多,刘道华,等.安徽省人体重点寄生虫病现状调查报告[J].热带病与寄生虫学, 2017, 15(1):14-18, 6.
[8]黎学铭,欧阳颐,杨益超,等.广西居民饮食习惯与食源性寄生虫病的分布调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2009, 27(2):151-155.
[9]蒋智华,杨益超,万孝玲,等.广西华支睾吸虫病地理和流域分布特点的初步分析[J].中国热带医学, 2015, 15(9):1057-1061.
[10]方悦怡,陈颖丹,黎学铭,等.我国华支睾吸虫病流行区感染现状调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2008, 26(2):99-103,109.
[11]冯强,罗乐,夏生林,等.两种驱虫药治疗华支睾吸虫病的疗效比较[J].热带医学杂志, 2006, 6(12):1291-1292.
[12]QIAN M B, YAP P, YANG Y C, et al. Efficacy and safety of tribendimidine against clonorchis sinensis[J]. Clinical Infectious Diseases,2013, 56(7):e76-e82.
[13]唐磊,葛涛,尹世辉,等.三江平原地区华支睾吸虫病人群感染现状调查[J].疾病监测, 2018, 33(6):525-527.
[14]杨平,石武祥,康敏,等.广西少数民族农村地区人体重点寄生虫感染状况调查[J].安徽医科大学学报, 2017, 52(3):372-375.
[15]QIAN M B, CHEN Y D, YANG Y C, et al. Increasing prevalence and intensity of foodborne clonorchiasis, Hengxian County, China,1989-2011[J]. Emerging Infect Dis, 2014, 20(11):1872-1875.
[2]甘耀成,黄甲,黄健,等.广西人体寄生虫分布情况的调查[J].中国寄生虫与寄生虫病杂志,1994,12(S1):31-36.
[3]杨益超,黎学铭,黄铿凌,等.广西壮族自治区容县寄生虫病综合防治示范区项目成本-效益分析[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2011, 23(5):566-568.
[4]黎学铭,杨益超,欧阳颐,等.国家级寄生虫病综合防治示范区的防治效果及措施评价[J].应用预防医学, 2012, 18(6):346-350.
[5]万孝玲,杨益超,区方奇,等. 2006-2010年广西武鸣县土源性线虫病监测结果分析[J].国际医学寄生虫病杂志, 2012, 39(6):332-336.
[6]诸廷俊,周长海,王聚君,等. 8个干预示范区停止干预措施后土源性线虫病的控制现状评价[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2017, 35(5):439-444.
[7]金伟,郭见多,刘道华,等.安徽省人体重点寄生虫病现状调查报告[J].热带病与寄生虫学, 2017, 15(1):14-18, 6.
[8]黎学铭,欧阳颐,杨益超,等.广西居民饮食习惯与食源性寄生虫病的分布调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2009, 27(2):151-155.
[9]蒋智华,杨益超,万孝玲,等.广西华支睾吸虫病地理和流域分布特点的初步分析[J].中国热带医学, 2015, 15(9):1057-1061.
[10]方悦怡,陈颖丹,黎学铭,等.我国华支睾吸虫病流行区感染现状调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2008, 26(2):99-103,109.
[11]冯强,罗乐,夏生林,等.两种驱虫药治疗华支睾吸虫病的疗效比较[J].热带医学杂志, 2006, 6(12):1291-1292.
[12]QIAN M B, YAP P, YANG Y C, et al. Efficacy and safety of tribendimidine against clonorchis sinensis[J]. Clinical Infectious Diseases,2013, 56(7):e76-e82.
[13]唐磊,葛涛,尹世辉,等.三江平原地区华支睾吸虫病人群感染现状调查[J].疾病监测, 2018, 33(6):525-527.
[14]杨平,石武祥,康敏,等.广西少数民族农村地区人体重点寄生虫感染状况调查[J].安徽医科大学学报, 2017, 52(3):372-375.
[15]QIAN M B, CHEN Y D, YANG Y C, et al. Increasing prevalence and intensity of foodborne clonorchiasis, Hengxian County, China,1989-2011[J]. Emerging Infect Dis, 2014, 20(11):1872-1875.