从腾讯公司的成长看深圳创新型城市建设路径
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摘要
创新驱动战略提出以来,我国许多城市积极开展创新型城市建设,提升城市创新能力。深圳是我国首个创新型城市,自主创新能力突出,其发展经验值得学习。本文梳理深圳本土创新型企业腾讯的发展阶段,分析深圳在产业政策、创新氛围、高交会与风投体系、人才政策和城市创新环境方面对腾讯的影响。发现深圳浓厚的创新氛围为腾讯诞生提供宽容环境,而高交会和风投体系的完善给腾讯的成长创造条件,而产业政策、人才政策和创新环境建设则贯穿了腾讯全部的发展阶段。最后,基于深圳建设经验,总结创新型城市建设路径。
Since Innovation Driven Development Strategy was put forward, many cities in China have actively constructed of innovative cities and improved urban innovation capability. As the first innovative city in China, Shenzhen with development experience that worth learning shows outstanding independent innovation capability. This paper sorts out the development stage of Tencent, an innovative local company in Shenzhen,and analyzes the impact of Shenzhen on Tencent in terms of industrial policy, innovation atmosphere, China HI-TECH FAIR and venture capital system, talent policy, and urban innovative milieu. We found that the strong innovation atmosphere in Shenzhen provides a tolerant milieu for Tencent's birth. China HI-TECH FAIR and the improvement of the venture capital system create conditions for the further development of Tencent, and the industrial policy, talent policy, and innovation milieu construction promote Tencent's entire development stage. Finally, based on the construction experience of Shenzhen, a summary of innovative urban construction path is concluded.
Since Innovation Driven Development Strategy was put forward, many cities in China have actively constructed of innovative cities and improved urban innovation capability. As the first innovative city in China, Shenzhen with development experience that worth learning shows outstanding independent innovation capability. This paper sorts out the development stage of Tencent, an innovative local company in Shenzhen,and analyzes the impact of Shenzhen on Tencent in terms of industrial policy, innovation atmosphere, China HI-TECH FAIR and venture capital system, talent policy, and urban innovative milieu. We found that the strong innovation atmosphere in Shenzhen provides a tolerant milieu for Tencent's birth. China HI-TECH FAIR and the improvement of the venture capital system create conditions for the further development of Tencent, and the industrial policy, talent policy, and innovation milieu construction promote Tencent's entire development stage. Finally, based on the construction experience of Shenzhen, a summary of innovative urban construction path is concluded.
引文
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[2]Charles Landry. The creative city:a toolkit forurban innovators[M].London:Earthscan PublicationLtd,2000.
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[4]段杰.论创新型城市的演化路径及动力机制———基于自组织视角的探析[J].甘肃社会科学,2017(05):221-227.
[5]代明,张晓鹏.创新型城市与创新型企业发展潜因素路径影响分析———基于结构模型路径图法的深圳实证检验[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2011,32(01):60-66.
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[14]李正图.上海构建创新型世界级城市的战略路径研究[J].上海经济研究,2006(08):12-23.
[15]蒋玉涛,郑海涛.创新型城市建设路径及模式比较研究———以广州、深圳为例[J].科技管理研究,2013,33(14):24-30.
[16]刘硕,李治堂.创新型城市建设国际比较及启示[J].科研管理,2013,34(S1):58-64.
[17]杨小迪,华颖.全球化对创新型城市发展的要求与挑战———以美国传统工业城市匹兹堡为例[J].城市发展研究,2009,16(12):29-38.
[18]陈昭锋.创新型城市建设的企业路径———具有竞争优势的深圳企业自主创新模式分析[J].南通大学学报(社会科学版),2009,25(04):108-115.
[19]吴晓波.腾讯传:1998-2016:中国互联网公司进化论[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2017.
[20]陶一桃.深圳经济特区年谱[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2010.
[21]许诺,吕拉昌,黄茹,胡海鹏.中国城市人口迁移和创新[J].地域研究与开发,2016,35(02):165-169.
[22]南方都市报.深圳这些年:一座被筹谋的先锋城市[M].北京:中国发展出版社,2010.
[23]邹兵.国家创新型城市发展中的规划作用———兼论深圳产业布局规划的思路演变与实施成效[J].城市规划,2017,41(04):41-48.
[24]辜胜阻,杨嵋,庄芹芹.创新驱动发展战略中建设创新型城市的战略思考———基于深圳创新发展模式的经验启示[J].中国科技论坛,2016,(09):31-37.
(1)https://www.tencent.com/zh-cn/abouttencent.h tml。
(2)http://www.sohu.com/a/109889488_355794。
[2]Charles Landry. The creative city:a toolkit forurban innovators[M].London:Earthscan PublicationLtd,2000.
[3]Chen S and Karwan K.Innovative cities in ChinaLessons from Pudong New District, Zhangjiang High-TechPark and SMIC Village[J].Innovation:Management,Policy&Practice2008,10(2/3):247-256.
[4]段杰.论创新型城市的演化路径及动力机制———基于自组织视角的探析[J].甘肃社会科学,2017(05):221-227.
[5]代明,张晓鹏.创新型城市与创新型企业发展潜因素路径影响分析———基于结构模型路径图法的深圳实证检验[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2011,32(01):60-66.
[6]乔章凤.基于创新驱动战略的创新型城市建设研究[J].理论与改革,2016(06):141-145.
[7]Wenying Fu,Javier Revilla Diez,Daniel. Evolvinginto a Regional Innovation System:How Governance im-pact on Innovation in Shenzhen and Dongguan, China?[J].Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography,2011:1-31.
[8]Maryann P.Feldman&David B.Audretsch.Innovationin cities:Science-based diversity, specialization andlocalized competiton[J].European Economic Review,1999,43(2):409-429.
[9]代明,王颖贤.创新型城市研究综述[J].城市问题,2009(01):94-98.
[10]吕拉昌,李勇.基于城市创新职能的中国创新城市空间体系[J].地理学报,2010,65(02):177-190.
[11]方创琳,马海涛,王振波,李广东.中国创新型城市建设的综合评估与空间格局分异[J].地理学报,2014,69(04):459-473.
[12]王立军,任亚磊.浙江省创新型城市建设路径研究[J].经济师,2011(08):213-214.
[13]卢超,尤建新,郑海鳌.创新驱动发展的城市建设路径———以上海创新型城市建设为例[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(23):25-31.
[14]李正图.上海构建创新型世界级城市的战略路径研究[J].上海经济研究,2006(08):12-23.
[15]蒋玉涛,郑海涛.创新型城市建设路径及模式比较研究———以广州、深圳为例[J].科技管理研究,2013,33(14):24-30.
[16]刘硕,李治堂.创新型城市建设国际比较及启示[J].科研管理,2013,34(S1):58-64.
[17]杨小迪,华颖.全球化对创新型城市发展的要求与挑战———以美国传统工业城市匹兹堡为例[J].城市发展研究,2009,16(12):29-38.
[18]陈昭锋.创新型城市建设的企业路径———具有竞争优势的深圳企业自主创新模式分析[J].南通大学学报(社会科学版),2009,25(04):108-115.
[19]吴晓波.腾讯传:1998-2016:中国互联网公司进化论[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2017.
[20]陶一桃.深圳经济特区年谱[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2010.
[21]许诺,吕拉昌,黄茹,胡海鹏.中国城市人口迁移和创新[J].地域研究与开发,2016,35(02):165-169.
[22]南方都市报.深圳这些年:一座被筹谋的先锋城市[M].北京:中国发展出版社,2010.
[23]邹兵.国家创新型城市发展中的规划作用———兼论深圳产业布局规划的思路演变与实施成效[J].城市规划,2017,41(04):41-48.
[24]辜胜阻,杨嵋,庄芹芹.创新驱动发展战略中建设创新型城市的战略思考———基于深圳创新发展模式的经验启示[J].中国科技论坛,2016,(09):31-37.
(1)https://www.tencent.com/zh-cn/abouttencent.h tml。
(2)http://www.sohu.com/a/109889488_355794。