日光温室灌溉水与周围环境的热量迁移特性
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摘要
为探求越冬期日光温室灌溉水在升温过程中热量迁移规律,以山西省吕梁市离石区日光温室为研究对象,对日光温室内灌溉水水温、地温、气温等数据进行了跟踪观测;利用传热学的理论和方法,研究了灌溉水与周围环境的热量交换情况。结果表明:土-水之间的热量交换方向在大部分时间内由土壤传递向灌溉水,48h内土壤向灌溉水的传热量由表层到深层分别为3.57、13.21、7.50、7.02、5.08、4.54、22.40 MJ,共计63.32 MJ;气-水之间的热量交换方向始终由空气传递向灌溉水,48h内空气向灌溉水的传热量为17.49 MJ;并根据土-水、气-水之间的热量迁移特性,提出增大升温池侧面积、早晨升温池池顶覆盖保温材料、中午增加通过换气量等科学、快速的提升灌溉水水温的措施。研究结果可丰富越冬期日光温室灌溉水管理技术。
In order to explore the heat transfer lay of irrigation water during the process of heating up inside the solar greenhouse in wintering period,this paper took the greenhouse in Lishi district,Lyuliang city,Shanxi Province as the carrier.Based on tracking test data of air temperature,soil temperature and irrigation water temperature,heat exchange between irrigation water and the surrounding environment was studied with the method of heat transfer.The results showed that the heat exchange direction between soil and water was transferred from the soil to the irrigation water for most of the day.The heat transfer from soil to irrigation water within 48 hours from the surface layer to the deep layer was 3.57 MJ,13.21 MJ,7.50 MJ,7.02 MJ,5.08 MJ,4.54 MJ,22.40 MJ,which totaled 63.32 MJ.The heat exchange direction between air and water was always transferred from the air to irrigation water,and the heat transfer to the irrigation water within 48 hours was 17.49 MJ.According to the heat transfer characteristics of soil-water and air-water,it was proposed to increase the temperature of irrigation water scientifically and quickly that increasing the side area of the heating-up reservoir,covering the insulation material at the top of heating-up reservoir in the morning and increasing the ventilation capacity at noon.The research results could enrich the irrigation management technology of solar greenhouse in winter.
In order to explore the heat transfer lay of irrigation water during the process of heating up inside the solar greenhouse in wintering period,this paper took the greenhouse in Lishi district,Lyuliang city,Shanxi Province as the carrier.Based on tracking test data of air temperature,soil temperature and irrigation water temperature,heat exchange between irrigation water and the surrounding environment was studied with the method of heat transfer.The results showed that the heat exchange direction between soil and water was transferred from the soil to the irrigation water for most of the day.The heat transfer from soil to irrigation water within 48 hours from the surface layer to the deep layer was 3.57 MJ,13.21 MJ,7.50 MJ,7.02 MJ,5.08 MJ,4.54 MJ,22.40 MJ,which totaled 63.32 MJ.The heat exchange direction between air and water was always transferred from the air to irrigation water,and the heat transfer to the irrigation water within 48 hours was 17.49 MJ.According to the heat transfer characteristics of soil-water and air-water,it was proposed to increase the temperature of irrigation water scientifically and quickly that increasing the side area of the heating-up reservoir,covering the insulation material at the top of heating-up reservoir in the morning and increasing the ventilation capacity at noon.The research results could enrich the irrigation management technology of solar greenhouse in winter.
引文
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[16]杨振超,邹志荣,陈双臣,等.西北型日光温室内风速分布及其与室外风速和通风面积的关系[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(9):36-40.
[2]鲁纯养,施正香,曲萍.农业生物环境原理[M].北京:农业出版社出版,1994.
[3]赵玉荣,李影,姚百超.关于三江平原地区提高灌溉水温的思考[J].黑龙江科技信息,2012(17):238.
[4]高洋,周明.井灌区水田区推进末级沟道为晒水池的意义及措施[J].黑龙江水利科技,2011(6):275-276.
[5]魏宏刚.关于提高井灌水稻入池水温措施的初步探讨[J].中国科技财富,2009(2):122.
[6]曹印龙,付强.井灌稻区晒水池增温及其影响因素关系试验研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2008(2):28-30.
[7]胡婧娟,樊贵盛.日光温室供水系统灌溉水水温变化特性的研究[J].节水灌溉,2018(7):15-19,30.
[8]胡婧娟,樊贵盛.越冬期日光温室不同升温设施灌溉水升温特性的试验研究[J].节水灌溉,2018(8):103-107,113.
[9]胡婧娟,樊贵盛.越冬期日光温室灌溉水升温与管理技术研究[J].节水灌溉,2018(5):20-25.
[10]刘伟,范爱武,黄晓明,等.多孔介质传热传质理论与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[11]杨世铭,陶文铨.传热学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[12]鲁纯养,施正香,曲萍.农业生物环境原理[M].北京:农业出版社出版,1994.
[13]刘江.气象学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.
[14]柳孝图.建筑物理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1991:26-27.
[15]刘伟,范爱武,黄晓明,等.多孔介质传热传质理论与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[16]杨振超,邹志荣,陈双臣,等.西北型日光温室内风速分布及其与室外风速和通风面积的关系[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(9):36-40.