正极性振荡型雷电冲击电压下的油纸绝缘沿面闪络特性
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摘要
为了获得标准雷电和不同频率的振荡型雷电冲击电压下油纸绝缘沿面闪络特性的异同,在平行电场结构的油纸绝缘沿面试品上施加了标准雷电、100、200、300、400 kHz振荡雷电共5种冲击电压,对比分析了不同冲击电压作用下闪络特性。结果表明振荡型雷电冲击电压的10%及50%闪络电压均高于标准雷电冲击电压,伏秒特性曲线整体位于标准波之上。随着振荡频率的增大,10%及50%闪络电压逐渐增大,且伏秒特性逐渐上移,振荡型比标准雷电冲击电压的最大闪络时延长。采用Weibull概率分布研究了不同类型电压下的闪络概率,结果表明振荡型的概率曲线较标准波陡,且随着振荡频率的增大,概率分布曲线的斜率逐渐降低,即随着施加电压幅值的升高,振荡频率越低,其闪络概率增加越多。
In order to compare the different characteristics of flashover under different types of lightning waveform, four types of oscillating lightning impulse voltage(OLI) waveforms with oscillating frequency of 100, 200, 300 and 400 kHz were applied on oil-paper samples with parallel electric field. The standard lightning impulse(SLI) voltage was also adopted as the reference waveform. Characteristics of flashover under different types of lightning waveform were compared.The experimental results show that the 10% and 50% flashover voltages under OLI are higher than those under SLI.The voltage-time distributions under OLI are also higher. With the increase of oscillating frequency, the 10% and 50%flashover voltages increase and the voltage-time distribution gradually rises. The OLI has the longer time lag than SLI.The Weibull probability coordinate paper was applied to study the surface flashover probability. The experiment results show that the slope of OLI is larger than that of SLI, besides, with the increase of oscillating frequency, the slope of OLI gradually decreases.
In order to compare the different characteristics of flashover under different types of lightning waveform, four types of oscillating lightning impulse voltage(OLI) waveforms with oscillating frequency of 100, 200, 300 and 400 kHz were applied on oil-paper samples with parallel electric field. The standard lightning impulse(SLI) voltage was also adopted as the reference waveform. Characteristics of flashover under different types of lightning waveform were compared.The experimental results show that the 10% and 50% flashover voltages under OLI are higher than those under SLI.The voltage-time distributions under OLI are also higher. With the increase of oscillating frequency, the 10% and 50%flashover voltages increase and the voltage-time distribution gradually rises. The OLI has the longer time lag than SLI.The Weibull probability coordinate paper was applied to study the surface flashover probability. The experiment results show that the slope of OLI is larger than that of SLI, besides, with the increase of oscillating frequency, the slope of OLI gradually decreases.
引文
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[19]王喆,张乔根,王同磊,等.非标准雷电冲击电压下油纸绝缘击穿特性[J].高电压技术,2014,40(9):2931-2937.WANG Zhe,ZHANG Qiaogen,WANG Tonglei,et al.Non standard lightning impulse breakdown voltage of oil paper insulation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(9):2931-2937.
[20]李光杰.纳秒脉冲下变压器油中绝缘介质沿面闪络特性的实验研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2006.LI Guangjie.Experimental study on the flashover characteristics of insulating media in transformer oil under nanosecond pulse[D].Beijing,China:Chinese Academy of Sciences,2006.
[21]LI J H,ZHANG L,JIN Y H,et al.Breakdown characteristics of transformer oil in a uniform field under oscillating impulse voltage[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(2):984-990.
[22]电力变压器第1部分总则:GB/T 1094.1[S],2017.Power transformers:part 1 general:GB/T 1094.1[S],2017.
[23]High voltage test techniques part 3:definitions and requirements for on-site tests:IEC 60060-3[S],2005.
[24]FABIANI D,SIMONI L.Discussion on application of the Weibull distribution to electrical breakdown of insulating materials[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2005,12(1):11-16.
[2]OKABE S,TAKAMI J,TSUBOI T,et al.Discussion on standard waveform in the lightning impulse voltage test[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2013,20(1):147-156.
[3]李元,张冠军,梁钰,等.不同热老化程度下油纸绝缘沿面放电发展特性[J].高电压技术,2017,42(3):923-930.LI Yuan,ZHANG Guanjun,LIANG Yu,et al.Evolutionary characteristics of surface discharge within oil-paper insulation under different thermally aged conditions[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(3):923-930.
[4]周中升,邵涛,章程,等.变压器油中绝缘介质沿面闪络的研究进展[J].绝缘材料,2014,47(4):1-5.ZHOU Zhongsheng,SHAO Tao,ZHANG Cheng,et al.The research progress of the insulating medium in the transformer oil on the surface flashover[J].Insulation Material,2014,47(4):1-5.
[5]熊俊,张亮,李军浩,等.振荡型操作冲击电压下SF6气体中极不均匀电场局部放电特性[J].高电压技术,2017,43(9):189-195.XIONG Jun,ZHANG Liang,LI Junhao,et al.PD characteristics of non-uniform electric field in SF6 gas under oscillating switching impulse waveform[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(9):189-195.
[6]李军浩,郭飞,张亮,等.变压器感应式振荡型操作冲击试验及局部放电测量技术[J].高电压技术,2016,42(4):1199-1206.LI Junhao,GUO Fei,ZHANG Liang,et al.Inductive oscillating switching impulse test and partial discharge detection technology for transformer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(4):1199-1206.
[7]金福宝,周远翔,黄建文,等.温度对交直流复合电场下油纸绝缘沿面放电特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2017,43(3):931-939.JIN Fubao,ZHOU Yuanxiang,HUANG Jianwen,et al.Effects of temperature on creepage discharge characteristics of paper-oil insulation under combined AC-DC voltage[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(3):931-939.
[8]周远翔,王云杉,田冀焕,等.纳米改性变压器油的破坏特性[J].高电压技术,2010,36(5):1155-1159.ZHOU Yuanxiang,WANG Yunshan,TIAN Jihuan,et al.The damage properties of nano-modified transformer oil[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(5):1155-1159.
[9]WANG J,SHAO T,YAN P,et al.Experimental study on dielectric surface flashover under nanosecond pulse in transformer oil[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2005,41(2):1-3.
[10]周中升,章程,邵涛,等.纳秒脉冲下变压器油绝缘的击穿与闪络特性[J].高电压技术,2014,40(10):3290-3296.ZHOU Zhongsheng,ZHANG Cheng,SHAO Tao,et al.Breakdown and flashover characteristics of transformer oil insulation in nanosecond pulse[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(10):3290-3296.
[11]周远翔,孙清华,李光范,等.空间电荷对油纸绝缘击穿和沿面闪络的影响[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(2):27-33.ZHOU Yuanxiang,SUN Qinghua,LI Guangfan,et al.Effects of space charge on oil-paper insulation breakdown and surface flashover[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(2):27-33.
[12]LIU R,JAKSTS A.Breakdown processes in transformer insulation under LI voltages[C]∥IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids.[S.l.]:IEEE,2005:75-78.
[13]VENKATESAN S,USA S.Impulse strength of transformer insulation with nonstandard waveshapes[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2007,22(4):2214-2221.
[14]ROZGA P.Influence of paper insulation on the prebreakdown phenomena in mineral oil under lightning impulse[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2011,18(3):720-727.
[15]OKABE S.Evaluation of breakdown characteristics of oil-immersed transformers under non-standard lightning impulse waveforms-definition of non-standard lightning impulse waveforms and insulation characteristics for waveforms including pulses[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2007,14(1):146-155.
[16]ROZGA P.Influence of paper insulation on the prebreakdown phenomena in mineral oil under lightning impulse[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2011,18(3):720-727.
[17]WETZ D,MANKOWSKI J,KRISTIANSEN M.The impact of electrode area and surface roughness on the pulsed breakdown strength water[C]∥Pulsed Power Conference.[S.l.]:IEEE,2007.
[18]周游.雷电冲击电压下纳米粒子改变变压器油纸绝缘特性的机理[D].北京:华北电力大学,2015.ZHOU You.The mechanism of nano-particles to change the insulating properties of transformer oil and paper under lightning impulse voltage[D].Beijing,China:North China Electric Power University,2015.
[19]王喆,张乔根,王同磊,等.非标准雷电冲击电压下油纸绝缘击穿特性[J].高电压技术,2014,40(9):2931-2937.WANG Zhe,ZHANG Qiaogen,WANG Tonglei,et al.Non standard lightning impulse breakdown voltage of oil paper insulation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(9):2931-2937.
[20]李光杰.纳秒脉冲下变压器油中绝缘介质沿面闪络特性的实验研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2006.LI Guangjie.Experimental study on the flashover characteristics of insulating media in transformer oil under nanosecond pulse[D].Beijing,China:Chinese Academy of Sciences,2006.
[21]LI J H,ZHANG L,JIN Y H,et al.Breakdown characteristics of transformer oil in a uniform field under oscillating impulse voltage[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(2):984-990.
[22]电力变压器第1部分总则:GB/T 1094.1[S],2017.Power transformers:part 1 general:GB/T 1094.1[S],2017.
[23]High voltage test techniques part 3:definitions and requirements for on-site tests:IEC 60060-3[S],2005.
[24]FABIANI D,SIMONI L.Discussion on application of the Weibull distribution to electrical breakdown of insulating materials[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2005,12(1):11-16.