西藏云杉立木生物量与材积相容性模型研建
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摘要
利用2011年实测的西藏天然云杉立木生物量与材积数据,采用非线性度量误差联立方程组、分段建模方法,构建了云杉立木地上生物量与树干总材积、地下与地上生物量相容性模型,以及生物量与材积换算、根茎比模型,并分析对比建立的立木地上生物量与材积相容性整体模型与分段模型效果。结果表明:1)将胸径<5 cm的幼树与>5 cm林木一起进行整体建模,建立的一元和二元立木生物量整体模型预估值在12 cm以下径阶产生明显偏差;2)选取合适的分段位置(D=10 cm),采用分段建模方法建立的一元立木地上生物量分段模型各径阶偏差明显减小,二元分段模型无系统性偏差;3)研究建立的一元、二元立木地上生物量和材积相容性分段模型的总相对偏差均在±2.5%以内、预估精度均>91.2%,地下生物量分段模型预估精度也>92%。建立的分段模型可用于西藏云杉立木生物量和材积的估计。
Based on measured data of single-tree volume and biomass of spruce occurring in Tibet in 2011,all the compatible models of above-ground biomass and tree volume,below-ground biomass and above-ground biomass,and biomass conversion models and ratio models of root and stem were constructed by using the nonlinear metric error-in-variable simultaneous equations and segmented modeling approach,and the fitting effect between integral models and segmented models were analyzed and compared.The results showed that 1) when the one-and two-variable-based integral models which were established by considering young spruce trees with DBH smaller and bigger than 5 cm to estimate the biomass of living trees were applied to the trees with DBH less than 12 cm,significant deviations were found.2) Based on the observation that all the sample data were divided into two sections around an appropriate DBH diameter,i.e.,D=10 cm,segmented modeling method was adopted for the prediction of the biomass of living trees,from which the deviation of one-variable-based models was obviously reduced,and no obvious systematic deviation was found in two-variable-based models.3) The total relative deviations of one-or two-variable-based single-tree biomass equations established by using segmented modeling method was within the range of 2.5%,and the estimated precision was above 91.2%,the prediction precision of the below-ground biomass models was more than 92%,indicating that the single-tree biomass equations established by using segmented modeling method could be used to estimate the biomass and volume of spruce in Tibet.
Based on measured data of single-tree volume and biomass of spruce occurring in Tibet in 2011,all the compatible models of above-ground biomass and tree volume,below-ground biomass and above-ground biomass,and biomass conversion models and ratio models of root and stem were constructed by using the nonlinear metric error-in-variable simultaneous equations and segmented modeling approach,and the fitting effect between integral models and segmented models were analyzed and compared.The results showed that 1) when the one-and two-variable-based integral models which were established by considering young spruce trees with DBH smaller and bigger than 5 cm to estimate the biomass of living trees were applied to the trees with DBH less than 12 cm,significant deviations were found.2) Based on the observation that all the sample data were divided into two sections around an appropriate DBH diameter,i.e.,D=10 cm,segmented modeling method was adopted for the prediction of the biomass of living trees,from which the deviation of one-variable-based models was obviously reduced,and no obvious systematic deviation was found in two-variable-based models.3) The total relative deviations of one-or two-variable-based single-tree biomass equations established by using segmented modeling method was within the range of 2.5%,and the estimated precision was above 91.2%,the prediction precision of the below-ground biomass models was more than 92%,indicating that the single-tree biomass equations established by using segmented modeling method could be used to estimate the biomass and volume of spruce in Tibet.
引文
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[12] 陈振雄,贺东北.海南省人工林主要树种林业数表模型研建[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2018.
[13] 陈振雄,周湘红,肖前辉,等.海南省一元立木材积检验与更新模型研建[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(12):26-30.CHEN Z X,ZHOU X H,XIAO Q H.Study on verification and updating of one-way tree volume equations in Hainan Province[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology,2017,37(12):26-30.(in Chinese)
[14] 尹惠妍,李海奎.多水平林木生物量估算方法研究[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(2):38-44.YIN H Y,LI H K.Estimation methods of forest biomass with different levels[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2016,31(2):38-44.(in Chinese)
[15] 国家林业局.立木生物量建模方法技术规程(LY/T 2258-2014)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[2] 陈振雄,贺东北,肖前辉,等.西藏冷杉立木生物量和材积模型研建[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(1):16-21.CHEN Z X,HE D B,XIAO Q H,et al.Establishment of biomass and tree volume equations for Abies in Tibet[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology,2018,38(1):16-21.(in Chinese)
[3] 曾伟生,张会儒,唐守正.立木生物量建模方法[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2011.
[4] 唐守正,张会儒,胥辉.相容性生物量模型的建立及其估计方法研究[J].林业科学,2000,36(Supp.1):19-27.TANG S Z,ZHANG H R,XU H.Study on establish and estimate method of compatible biomass model[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2000,36(Supp.1):19-27.(in Chinese)
[5] 骆期邦,曾伟生,贺东北,等.立木地上部分生物量模型的建立及其应用研究[J].自然资源学报,1999,14(3):271-277.LUO Q B,ZENG W S,HE D B,et al.Establishment and application of compatible tree above-ground biomass models[J].Journal of Natural Resources,1999,14(3):271-277.(in Chinese)
[6] 曾伟生,唐守正.利用度量误差模型方法建立相容性立木生物量方程系统[J].林业科学研究,2010,23(6):797-802.ZENG W S,TANG S Z.Using measurement error modeling method to establish compatible single tree biomass equations system[J].Forest Research,2010,23(6):797-802.(in Chinese)
[7] 骆期邦,曾伟生,贺东北.林业数表模型理论、方法与实践[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,2001.
[8] 陈振雄,贺东北,甘世书.云南省云杉立木生物量模型研建[J].中南林业调查规划,2011,30(4):56-61.CHEN Z X,HE D B,GAN S S.Establishment of single-tree biomass equations for spruce[J].Central South Forest Inventory and Planning,2011,30(4):56-61.(in Chinese)
[9] 张连金,曾伟生,唐守正.用带截距的非线性方程和分段建模方法对立木生物量估计的比较[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(4):453-457.ZHANG L J,ZENG W S,TANG S Z.Comparison of nonlinear regression equation with intercept and segmented modeling approach for estimation of single-tree biomass[J].Forest Research,2011,24(4):453-457.(in Chinese)
[10] BOND-LAMBERTY B,WANG B C,GOWER S T.Aboveground and below-ground biomass and sapwood area allometric equations for six boreal tree species of northern Manitoba[J].Can.J.For Res.,2002,32:1441-1450.
[11] 唐守正,郎奎建,李海奎.统计和生物数学模型计算(For Stat教程)[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[12] 陈振雄,贺东北.海南省人工林主要树种林业数表模型研建[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2018.
[13] 陈振雄,周湘红,肖前辉,等.海南省一元立木材积检验与更新模型研建[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(12):26-30.CHEN Z X,ZHOU X H,XIAO Q H.Study on verification and updating of one-way tree volume equations in Hainan Province[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology,2017,37(12):26-30.(in Chinese)
[14] 尹惠妍,李海奎.多水平林木生物量估算方法研究[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(2):38-44.YIN H Y,LI H K.Estimation methods of forest biomass with different levels[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2016,31(2):38-44.(in Chinese)
[15] 国家林业局.立木生物量建模方法技术规程(LY/T 2258-2014)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.