智能分拣选矿技术的发展及其应用
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摘要
在易采矿床减少,采矿难度增大,矿石贫化加剧,碎磨及选矿成本增大的背景下,实现对破碎产品的预选抛废,可提高资源的利用率和入磨矿石品位、减少矿石入磨量和细粒尾矿生产量、提高企业的经济效益、改善环境状况、延长矿山企业的服务年限。为了助推拣选技术的发展与应用,着重介绍了光选机、激发光拣选机和核辐射拣选机的发展与应用研究现状,及不同设备的性能特点,指出各拣选设备的适用范围。最后指出精准化、智能化、大型化和高效化是智能拣选设备发展的重要方向。
Under the background of the decrease of easy mining deposits,the increase of mining difficulty,the aggravation of ores dilution,and the increase of ores comminuting and beneficiation cost,crushed ores were realized pre-selecting and waste discarding,which increases the utilization rate of resources and the grade of grinded ores,decreases the amount of grinded ores and fine particle tailing production,improves economic benefits of enterprises and environmental conditions,and extends the service life of mines. In order to promote the development and application of the picking technology,the development and application study status of photometric picker,excitation light picker and nuclear radiation picker were mainly introduced,as well as the performance features of different equipments. In addition,the applicable scope of each picker was pointed out. Finally,precision,intelligence,large-scale and high-efficiency were pointed out to be the most important directions in the development of intelligent picking equipments.
Under the background of the decrease of easy mining deposits,the increase of mining difficulty,the aggravation of ores dilution,and the increase of ores comminuting and beneficiation cost,crushed ores were realized pre-selecting and waste discarding,which increases the utilization rate of resources and the grade of grinded ores,decreases the amount of grinded ores and fine particle tailing production,improves economic benefits of enterprises and environmental conditions,and extends the service life of mines. In order to promote the development and application of the picking technology,the development and application study status of photometric picker,excitation light picker and nuclear radiation picker were mainly introduced,as well as the performance features of different equipments. In addition,the applicable scope of each picker was pointed out. Finally,precision,intelligence,large-scale and high-efficiency were pointed out to be the most important directions in the development of intelligent picking equipments.
引文
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[17]Knapp H,Neubert K,Schropp C,et al.Viable applications of sensor-based sorting for the processing of mineral resources[J].ChemBioEng Reviews,2014(3):86-95.
[18]Tong Y.Technical Amenability Study of Laboratory-scale Sensorbased Ore Sorting on a Mississippi Valley Type Lead-zinc Ore[D].Vancouver:The University of British Columbia,2012.
[19]Walker S.Ore sorters and analyzers:the technology develops[J].Engineering&Mining Journal,2014(4):46-54.
[20]崔国治.金刚石选矿方法演化及其现代工艺流程[J].中国非金属矿工业导刊,2000(3):15-17.Cui Guozhi.Evolution of diamond dressing method and its modern technological process[J].China Non-metallic Mining Industry Herald,2000(3):15-17.
[21]汪淑慧.金刚石的X光拣选[J].国外金属矿选矿,2006(4):20-22.Wang Shuhui.X-ray picking of diamond[J].Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,2006(4):20-22.
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[23]王泽红,陈晓龙,韩跃新.X-射线辐射分选技术在铜矿预选中的应用[J].矿产综合利用,2013(5):13-15Wang Zehong,Chen Xiaolong,Han Yuexin.Application of X-ray radiation separation technology in pre-concentration of copper ore[J],Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2013(5):13-15.
[24]汪淑慧.分选铀矿石及有色金属和稀有金属矿石的新型拣选机[J].国外金属矿选矿,2008(6):9-11.Wang Shuhui.A new type of sorter for separating uranium ore and nonferrous and rare metal ores[J].Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,2008(6):9-11.
[25]许道刚.白云鄂博钪矿物分选试验研究[D].包头:内蒙古科技大学,2015.Xu Daogang.Experimental Study on Separation of Scandium Mineral in Bayan Obo[D].Baotou:Inner Mongolia University of Science&Technology,2015.
[26]金明水,王大明.X-射线分选机在内蒙某铜锌矿的应用研究[J].有色矿冶,2013(1):27-29.Jin Mingshui,Wang Daming.Application of X-ray separator in a copper-zinc mine in Inner Mongolia[J].Non-Ferrous Mining and Metallurgy,2013(1):27-29.
[27]蔡亚周,王少中.光电选矿技术在沙特磷矿的应用[J].化工矿物与加工,2016(7):63-65.Cai Yazhou,Wang Shaozhong.Application of photoelectric ore sorting technology in Saudi Arabian phosphate mining industry[J].Industrial Minerals&Processing,2016(7):63-65.
[28]贾妮.XRT射线智能选矿机在湖南某白钨选厂的抛废试验[J].现代矿业,2018(7):154-155.Jia Ni.Throwing test of XRT-ray intelligent concentrator in a scheelite concentrator in Hunan province[J].Modern Mining,2018(7):154-155.
[29]李保卫,王建英,张铁柱,等.从多金属共生矿中同时高效回收稀土及贵金属的选矿工艺[P].中国发明专利,CN 103041996,2013-01-06.Li Baowei,Wang Jianying,Zhang Tiezhu,et al.A process for the simultaneous efficient recovery of rare earth and precious metal from polymetallic ores[P].Chinese invention patent,CN 103041996,2013-01-06.
[30]王泽红,陈晓龙,韩跃新,等.用X射线辐射分选机预选某金铜共生矿石[J].金属矿山,2013(7):75-78.Wang Zehong,Chen Xiaolong,Han Yuexin,et al.Pre-concentration of a Au-Cu associated ore with X-ray radiation separator[J].Metal Mine,2013(7):75-78.
[31]汪淑慧.铀矿石放射性分选的新进展[J].铀矿冶,2003(1):45-48.Wang Shuhui.New development of uranium ore radiometry sorting[J].Uranium Mining and Metallurgy,2003(1):45-48.
[32]А·П·塔尔里科夫.有色金属和稀有金属矿石幅射选矿的发展方向[J].国外金属矿选矿,2009(2):21-23.А·П·tarlikoff.The development direction of irradiation dressing for nonferrous and rare metal ores[J].Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,2009(2):21-23.
[33]柯达夫.核辐射在自动分选矿石中的应用[J].核原料,1977(3):25-32.Kedafu.Application of nuclear radiation in automatic separation of ores[J].Uranium Mining and Metallurgy,1977(3):25-32.
[34]李先荣,陈宁,董明甫,等.铬铁矿选别技术的研究进展[J].广州化工.2014(1):32-34.Li Xianrong,Chen Ning,Dong Mingfu,et al.Research progress of chromite separation technology[J].Guangzhou Chemical Industry,2014(1):32-34.
[2]梁艳涛,李春辉.河北某低品位磁铁矿选矿试验[J].现代矿业,2017(12):115-116.Liang Yantao,Li Chunhui.A low-grade magnetite ore dressing test in Hebei province[J].Modern Mining,2017(12):115-116.
[3]朱道瑶,梁殿印,史佩伟,等.矿石拣选技术和设备的研究与进展[J].矿山机械,2016(7):5-10.Zhu Daoyao,Liang Dianyin,Shi Peiwei,et al.Research and development of ore sorting technology and equipment[J].Mining&Processing Equipment,2016(7):5-10.
[4]孟庆武.氧化渣中粗铋回收的生产实践[J].有色矿冶,2013(1):34-35.Meng Qingwu.Production practice of the crude bismuth recovery in the oxidizing residues[J].Non-Ferrous Mining and Metallurgy,2013(1):34-35.
[5]王团锋.基于X射线荧光技术的金矿石在线拣选方法研究[D].洛阳:河南科技大学,2017.Wang Tuanfeng.Study on Online Sorting Method of Gold Ore Based on X-ray Fluorescence Technique[D].Luoyang:Henan University of Science and Technology,2017.
[6]郑飞.国外光电分选机的进展[J].有色金属:选矿部分,1980(2):38-43.Zheng Fei.Progress of photoelectric separators abroad[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,1980(2):38-43.
[7]龙筱晔,翟丽娜,杨岳,等.矿物光电分选领域专利技术综述[J].矿业装备,2015(5):98-101.Long Xiaoye,Zhai Lina,Yang Yue,et al.Overview of patent technology in the field of mineral photoelectric separation[J].Mining Equipment,2015(5):98-101.
[8]汪淑慧.矿石拣选的新进展[J].铀矿冶,2007(1):24-28.Wang Shuhui.New development of ore sorting[J].Uranium Mining and Metallurgy,2007(1):24-28.
[9]崔国治.拣选技术[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,1993.Cui Guozhi.Picking Technology[M].Beijing:China Building Materials Press,1993.
[10]Salter J D,Wyatt N P G.Sorting in the minerals industry:past,present and future[J].Minerals Engineering,1991(4):779-796.
[11]施逢年.我国矿石拣选设备的进展[J].江西冶金,1982(S2):77-84.Shi Fengnian.Progress of ore picking equipment in China[J].Jiangxi Metallurgy,1982(S2):77-84.
[12]徐家骥.光电选矿在黑钨选厂中的使用和发展[J].江西冶金,1984(4):9-14.Xu Jiaji.Application and development of photoelectric dressing in wolframite dressing plan[tJ].Jiangxi Metallurgy,1984(4):9-14.
[13]刘明宝,印万忠,高莹.X射线辐射预选技术[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2015(8):177-180.Liu Mingbao,Yin Wanzhong,Gao Ying.Ore sorting by X-ray separation technology[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,2015(8):177-180.
[14]刘广宇.X-射线分选机在钼矿预选中的试验与研究[J].现代矿业,2009(10):75-77.Liu Guangyu.The test and research of X-ray separator in molybdenum ore preconcentration[J].Modern Mining,2009(10):75-77.
[15]印万忠,刘明宝,韩跃新,等.矿石拣选及X-射线辐射预选技术评述[C]//中国矿产资源综合利用与循环经济发展论坛,2011.Yin Wanzhong,Liu Mingbao,Han Yuexin,et al.Review on ore picking and X-ray preconcentration technology[C]//2011 China mineral resources comprehensive utilization and circular economy development BBS,2011.
[16]Anon.4thColloquium on sorting-sorting technologies for resources and waste materials[J].Aubertitungs Technik,2005(8/9):39-43.
[17]Knapp H,Neubert K,Schropp C,et al.Viable applications of sensor-based sorting for the processing of mineral resources[J].ChemBioEng Reviews,2014(3):86-95.
[18]Tong Y.Technical Amenability Study of Laboratory-scale Sensorbased Ore Sorting on a Mississippi Valley Type Lead-zinc Ore[D].Vancouver:The University of British Columbia,2012.
[19]Walker S.Ore sorters and analyzers:the technology develops[J].Engineering&Mining Journal,2014(4):46-54.
[20]崔国治.金刚石选矿方法演化及其现代工艺流程[J].中国非金属矿工业导刊,2000(3):15-17.Cui Guozhi.Evolution of diamond dressing method and its modern technological process[J].China Non-metallic Mining Industry Herald,2000(3):15-17.
[21]汪淑慧.金刚石的X光拣选[J].国外金属矿选矿,2006(4):20-22.Wang Shuhui.X-ray picking of diamond[J].Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,2006(4):20-22.
[22]成磊,尚红亮,朱道遥.基于传感器的矿石拣选技术研究现状与发展趋势[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2017(S1):160-163.Cheng Lei,Shang Hongliang,Zhu Daoyao.Research status and development trend of sensor-based ore picking technology[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,2017(S1):160-163.
[23]王泽红,陈晓龙,韩跃新.X-射线辐射分选技术在铜矿预选中的应用[J].矿产综合利用,2013(5):13-15Wang Zehong,Chen Xiaolong,Han Yuexin.Application of X-ray radiation separation technology in pre-concentration of copper ore[J],Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2013(5):13-15.
[24]汪淑慧.分选铀矿石及有色金属和稀有金属矿石的新型拣选机[J].国外金属矿选矿,2008(6):9-11.Wang Shuhui.A new type of sorter for separating uranium ore and nonferrous and rare metal ores[J].Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,2008(6):9-11.
[25]许道刚.白云鄂博钪矿物分选试验研究[D].包头:内蒙古科技大学,2015.Xu Daogang.Experimental Study on Separation of Scandium Mineral in Bayan Obo[D].Baotou:Inner Mongolia University of Science&Technology,2015.
[26]金明水,王大明.X-射线分选机在内蒙某铜锌矿的应用研究[J].有色矿冶,2013(1):27-29.Jin Mingshui,Wang Daming.Application of X-ray separator in a copper-zinc mine in Inner Mongolia[J].Non-Ferrous Mining and Metallurgy,2013(1):27-29.
[27]蔡亚周,王少中.光电选矿技术在沙特磷矿的应用[J].化工矿物与加工,2016(7):63-65.Cai Yazhou,Wang Shaozhong.Application of photoelectric ore sorting technology in Saudi Arabian phosphate mining industry[J].Industrial Minerals&Processing,2016(7):63-65.
[28]贾妮.XRT射线智能选矿机在湖南某白钨选厂的抛废试验[J].现代矿业,2018(7):154-155.Jia Ni.Throwing test of XRT-ray intelligent concentrator in a scheelite concentrator in Hunan province[J].Modern Mining,2018(7):154-155.
[29]李保卫,王建英,张铁柱,等.从多金属共生矿中同时高效回收稀土及贵金属的选矿工艺[P].中国发明专利,CN 103041996,2013-01-06.Li Baowei,Wang Jianying,Zhang Tiezhu,et al.A process for the simultaneous efficient recovery of rare earth and precious metal from polymetallic ores[P].Chinese invention patent,CN 103041996,2013-01-06.
[30]王泽红,陈晓龙,韩跃新,等.用X射线辐射分选机预选某金铜共生矿石[J].金属矿山,2013(7):75-78.Wang Zehong,Chen Xiaolong,Han Yuexin,et al.Pre-concentration of a Au-Cu associated ore with X-ray radiation separator[J].Metal Mine,2013(7):75-78.
[31]汪淑慧.铀矿石放射性分选的新进展[J].铀矿冶,2003(1):45-48.Wang Shuhui.New development of uranium ore radiometry sorting[J].Uranium Mining and Metallurgy,2003(1):45-48.
[32]А·П·塔尔里科夫.有色金属和稀有金属矿石幅射选矿的发展方向[J].国外金属矿选矿,2009(2):21-23.А·П·tarlikoff.The development direction of irradiation dressing for nonferrous and rare metal ores[J].Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,2009(2):21-23.
[33]柯达夫.核辐射在自动分选矿石中的应用[J].核原料,1977(3):25-32.Kedafu.Application of nuclear radiation in automatic separation of ores[J].Uranium Mining and Metallurgy,1977(3):25-32.
[34]李先荣,陈宁,董明甫,等.铬铁矿选别技术的研究进展[J].广州化工.2014(1):32-34.Li Xianrong,Chen Ning,Dong Mingfu,et al.Research progress of chromite separation technology[J].Guangzhou Chemical Industry,2014(1):32-34.