枯竭砂岩气藏型储气库录井关键技术研究——以文23储气库为例
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摘要
井筒封闭性对储气库的建设至关重要。枯竭砂岩气藏型储气库断层发育,在其建设过程中,存在井漏频发、盐膏层段固井质量难以保证等工程技术难题,对井筒完整封闭性构成潜在风险。为此,以文23储气库为例,研究了枯竭砂岩气藏型储气库录井关键技术。利用文23储气库注采气井的钻井录井资料,并结合前期勘探开发资料,从盖层封闭性、断层封闭性2个角度评价了井筒封闭性,建立了该储气库沙三段盐膏层断缺条件下的盖层识别与评价方法,形成了基于钻井液出口流量曲线变化形态的井漏原因判别模式和断层封闭性评价方法;为了提高井筒封闭的完整性,建立了该储气库沙三段盐膏层发育和断缺2种条件下钻穿盖层底界5.00～10.00 m卡准中完井深的方法。应用实例表明,以上述方法为核心形成的枯竭砂岩气藏型储气库录井关键技术,从地质和工程2方面解决了储气库井筒封闭性录井评价难题,有助于提高录井对储气库建设的技术支持力度与技术服务质量。
The integrity of the wellbore is crucial to the construction of gas storage. Depleted sandstone gas storage experienced issues with faults and experienced several engineering problems such as the frequent occurrence of leakage and poor cementing quality in a salt-gypsum interval during drilling operations, which posed potential risks to the wellbore integrity. For this reason, the Wen 23 Gas Storage was studies as an example, and the key technologies in the mud logging of those gas storages were studied. By using the drilling/mud logging data of gas injection/production wells in the Wen 23 Gas Storage, combined with the preliminary exploration and development data, the wellbore integrity was evaluated from two aspects of caprock sealing and fault sealing. Thus caprock identification and evaluation methods were established on the bases of faulting and the absence of the salt-gypsum interval in Es3 Member of this formation used for gas storage. With that, the discrimination modes for the reasons of lost circulation and the fault sealing evaluation methods were established on the basis of drilling fluid outlet flow curve variations and pattern. In order to improve the wellbore integrity, the methods for calibrating the intermediate completion depth while penetrating 5.00–10.00 m into the caprock bottom boundary were established on the premise of the salt-gypsum interval occurrence and missing in Es_3 Member of this gas storage formation. The practical applications showed that the key mud logging technologies based on the above methods could solve the problem of closed mud logging/evaluation for the wellbore sealing of gas storage from the perspective of geology and engineering, which helped to improve the strength and quality of mud logging support and service to gas storage construction.
The integrity of the wellbore is crucial to the construction of gas storage. Depleted sandstone gas storage experienced issues with faults and experienced several engineering problems such as the frequent occurrence of leakage and poor cementing quality in a salt-gypsum interval during drilling operations, which posed potential risks to the wellbore integrity. For this reason, the Wen 23 Gas Storage was studies as an example, and the key technologies in the mud logging of those gas storages were studied. By using the drilling/mud logging data of gas injection/production wells in the Wen 23 Gas Storage, combined with the preliminary exploration and development data, the wellbore integrity was evaluated from two aspects of caprock sealing and fault sealing. Thus caprock identification and evaluation methods were established on the bases of faulting and the absence of the salt-gypsum interval in Es3 Member of this formation used for gas storage. With that, the discrimination modes for the reasons of lost circulation and the fault sealing evaluation methods were established on the basis of drilling fluid outlet flow curve variations and pattern. In order to improve the wellbore integrity, the methods for calibrating the intermediate completion depth while penetrating 5.00–10.00 m into the caprock bottom boundary were established on the premise of the salt-gypsum interval occurrence and missing in Es_3 Member of this gas storage formation. The practical applications showed that the key mud logging technologies based on the above methods could solve the problem of closed mud logging/evaluation for the wellbore sealing of gas storage from the perspective of geology and engineering, which helped to improve the strength and quality of mud logging support and service to gas storage construction.
引文
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[14]刘鑫,赵楠,杨宪民,等.强吸水暂堵完井液在呼图壁储气库完井中的应用[J].石油钻探技术,2013,41(6):72-77.LIU Xin,ZHAO Nan,YANG Xianmin,et al.Application of strong water absorption temporary plugging technique in well completion of Htubi Gas Storage[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2013,41(6):72-77.
[15]孟祥杰,郭发军,陈洪,等.含水层构造改建地下储气库盖层封闭能力评价研究:以冀中坳陷大5目标为例[J].长江大学学报(自科版),2016,13(32):32-39.MENG Xiangjie,GUO Fajun,CHEN Hong,et al.Evaluation of sealing ability of aquifer caprock for reconstructing underground gas storages[J].Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition),2016,13(32):32-39.
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[17]彭平,唐立根,孙莎莎.储气库密封性评价体系的建立及初步应用:2017年全国天然气学术年会,杭州,10月19-20日,2017[C].PENG ping,TANG Ligen,LIU Shasha.Establishment and preliminary application of seal evaluation system for gas storage:proceedings of 2017 National Annual Conference on Natural Gas,Hangzhou,October 19-20,2017[C].
[18]井文君,杨春和,李银平,等.基于层次分析法的盐穴储气库选址评价方法研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(9):2683-2690.JING Wenjun,YANG Chunhe,LI Yinping,et al.Research on site selection evaluation method of salt cavern gas storage with analytic hierarchy process[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(9):2683-2690.
[19]喻平仁.川南地区地下储气库选址初步设想[J].天然气工业,2003,23(2):109-113.YU Pingren.Suggestions to choose the location of underground gas storage in South Sichuan Area[J].Natural Gas Industry,2003,23(2):109-113.
[20]李朝霞,何爱国.砂岩储气库注采井完井工艺技术[J].石油钻探技术,2008,36(1):16-19.LI Zhaoxia,HE Aiguo.Injecting-producing well completion technique in gas-storing sandy reservoirs[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2008,36(1):16-19.
[21]雷鸿.中国地下储气库建设的机遇与挑战[J].油气储运,2018,37(7):728-733.LEI Hong.Opportunities and challenges to the construction of underground gas storages in China[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2018,37(7):728-733.
[22]陆争光.中国地下储气库主要进展、存在问题及对策建议[J].中外能源,2016,21(6):15-19.LU Zhengguang.Major progress in China’s underground gas storage construction,obstacles and countermeasures[J].Sino-Global Energy,2016,21(6):15-19.
[23]王志战,许小琼.储层含水性与有效性的录井识别方法:以东营凹陷北部陡坡带为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2010,17(2):67-39,73.WANG Zhizhan,XU Xiaoqiong.Research on reservoir aquosity and reservoir validity identification based on mud-logging method:case of northern slope of Dongying sag[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2010,17(2):67-39,73.
[24]张厚福,方朝亮,高先志,等.石油地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001:120-124.ZHANG Houfu,FANG Chaoliang,GAO Xianzhi,et al.Petroleum geology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001:120-124.
[25]GAWANKAR K,PATE C,EASOW I,et al.Cost-effective reservoir characterization from advanced surface logging technologies in unconventional reservoirs[R].URTeC 2460893,2016.
[2]刘剑文,孙洪磊,杨建红.我国地下储气库运营模式研究[J].国际石油经济,2018,26(6):59-67.LIU Jianwen,SUN Honglei,YANG Jianhong.Study on the operation mode of underground gas storage in China[J].International Petroleum Economics,2018,26(6):59-67.
[3]鲁洪江,杨洪志,Moh’d M Amro,et al.地下储气库注采循环过程中储层干化问题研究[J].石油钻探技术,2018,46(4):1-8.LU Hongjiang,YANG Hongzhi,Moh’d M Amro,et al.Drying process in underground gas storage reservoir[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2018,46(4):1-8.
[4]马新华,郑得文,申瑞臣,等.中国复杂地质条件气藏型储气库建库关键技术与实践[J].石油勘探与开发,2018,45(3):489-499.MA Xinhua,ZHENG Dewen,SHEN Ruichen,et al.Key technologies and practice for gas field storage facility construction of complex geological conditions in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2018,45(3):489-499.
[5]SOROUSH M,ALIZADEH N.Underground gas storage in partially depleted gas reservoir:Petroleum Society’s 8th Canadian International Petroleum Conference[R].Calgary,Alberta,2007-06-12.
[6]金凤鸣,贾善坡,张辉,等.京津冀地区断陷盆地含水层储气库评价体系及目标优选[J].天然气地球科学,2017,28(9):1433-1445.JIN Fengming,JIA Shanpo,ZHANG Hui,et al.Evaluation system and optimization of aquifer exploration targets for gas storage in the Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei faulted basins[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2017,28(9):1433-1445.
[7]完颜祺琪,丁国生,赵岩,等.盐穴型地下储气库建库评价关键技术及其应用[J].天然气工业,2018,38(5):111-117.WANYAN Qiqi,DING Guosheng,ZHAO Yan,et al.Key technologies for salt-cavern underground gas storage construction and evaluation and their application[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(5):111-117.
[8]尹学源,张子桥.金坛盐穴地下储气库固井技术[J].石油钻探技术,2006,34(2):45-47.YIN Xueyuan,ZHANG Ziqiao.Cementing techniques for wells with salt caverns used for gas storage in Jintan[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2006,34(2):45-47.
[9]朱天玉,林立君.大庆油田利用枯竭油藏建设战略储气库可行性浅析[J].现代经济信息,2018(14):363-364.ZHU Tianyu,LIN Lijun.A brief analysis on the feasibility of building strategic gas storage by using depleted oil reservoir in Daqing Oilfield[J].Modern Economic Information,2018(14):363-364.
[10]谭茂波,游峰,林国庆,等.天然气地下储气库类型及建设关键技术论述[J].西部探矿工程,2015,27(9):25-28.TAN Maobo,YOU Feng,LIN Guoqing,et al.Discussion on the types and construction key technologies of underground gas storage[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2015,27(9):25-28.
[11]张光华.中石化地下储气库建设现状及发展建议[J].天然气工业,2018,38(8):112-118.ZHANG Guanghua.Underground gas storage of Sinopec:construction status analysis and development proposals[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(8):112-118.
[12]刘德平.相国寺枯竭气藏储气库钻井工程关键技术[J].钻采工艺,2016,39(5):8-10.LIU Deping.Critical engineering technology for drilling gas-storage well in depleted xiangguosi reservoir[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2016,39(5):8-10.
[13]张阳,郑玉朝,佟志远,等.X射线元素录井在文23储气库膏盐岩盖层中完卡层的现场应用[J].录井工程,2018,29(4):93-98.ZHANG Yang,ZHENG yuchao,TONG Zhiyuan,et al.Application of X-ray element logging in horizon determination of halfway completion of gypsum salt caprocks in Wen 23 gas storage facility[J].Mud Logging Engineering,2018,29(4):93-98.
[14]刘鑫,赵楠,杨宪民,等.强吸水暂堵完井液在呼图壁储气库完井中的应用[J].石油钻探技术,2013,41(6):72-77.LIU Xin,ZHAO Nan,YANG Xianmin,et al.Application of strong water absorption temporary plugging technique in well completion of Htubi Gas Storage[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2013,41(6):72-77.
[15]孟祥杰,郭发军,陈洪,等.含水层构造改建地下储气库盖层封闭能力评价研究:以冀中坳陷大5目标为例[J].长江大学学报(自科版),2016,13(32):32-39.MENG Xiangjie,GUO Fajun,CHEN Hong,et al.Evaluation of sealing ability of aquifer caprock for reconstructing underground gas storages[J].Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition),2016,13(32):32-39.
[16]马小明,何雄涛,李建东,等.板南地下储气库断层封闭性研究[J].录井工程,2011,22(4):77-79.MA Xiaoming,HE Xiongtao,LI jiandong,et al.Study on fault sealing for Bannan underground gas storage[J].Mud Logging Engineering,2011,22(4):77-79.
[17]彭平,唐立根,孙莎莎.储气库密封性评价体系的建立及初步应用:2017年全国天然气学术年会,杭州,10月19-20日,2017[C].PENG ping,TANG Ligen,LIU Shasha.Establishment and preliminary application of seal evaluation system for gas storage:proceedings of 2017 National Annual Conference on Natural Gas,Hangzhou,October 19-20,2017[C].
[18]井文君,杨春和,李银平,等.基于层次分析法的盐穴储气库选址评价方法研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(9):2683-2690.JING Wenjun,YANG Chunhe,LI Yinping,et al.Research on site selection evaluation method of salt cavern gas storage with analytic hierarchy process[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(9):2683-2690.
[19]喻平仁.川南地区地下储气库选址初步设想[J].天然气工业,2003,23(2):109-113.YU Pingren.Suggestions to choose the location of underground gas storage in South Sichuan Area[J].Natural Gas Industry,2003,23(2):109-113.
[20]李朝霞,何爱国.砂岩储气库注采井完井工艺技术[J].石油钻探技术,2008,36(1):16-19.LI Zhaoxia,HE Aiguo.Injecting-producing well completion technique in gas-storing sandy reservoirs[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2008,36(1):16-19.
[21]雷鸿.中国地下储气库建设的机遇与挑战[J].油气储运,2018,37(7):728-733.LEI Hong.Opportunities and challenges to the construction of underground gas storages in China[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2018,37(7):728-733.
[22]陆争光.中国地下储气库主要进展、存在问题及对策建议[J].中外能源,2016,21(6):15-19.LU Zhengguang.Major progress in China’s underground gas storage construction,obstacles and countermeasures[J].Sino-Global Energy,2016,21(6):15-19.
[23]王志战,许小琼.储层含水性与有效性的录井识别方法:以东营凹陷北部陡坡带为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2010,17(2):67-39,73.WANG Zhizhan,XU Xiaoqiong.Research on reservoir aquosity and reservoir validity identification based on mud-logging method:case of northern slope of Dongying sag[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2010,17(2):67-39,73.
[24]张厚福,方朝亮,高先志,等.石油地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001:120-124.ZHANG Houfu,FANG Chaoliang,GAO Xianzhi,et al.Petroleum geology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001:120-124.
[25]GAWANKAR K,PATE C,EASOW I,et al.Cost-effective reservoir characterization from advanced surface logging technologies in unconventional reservoirs[R].URTeC 2460893,2016.