上海软X射线自由电子激光装置
|
摘要
上海软X射线自由电子激光装置(SXFEL)是中国第一台X射线相干光源,其最短波长可达到2nm。这台基于1.5GeV C波段高梯度电子直线加速器的激光装置包含1条种子型自由电子激光(FEL)束线、1条自放大自发辐射束线以及5个实验站。整个装置的研制分试验装置(SXFEL-TF)和用户装置(SXFEL-UF)两个阶段进行,基于0.84GeV直线加速器的SXFEL-TF以掌握种子型FEL级联技术和短波长回声型FEL为主要目标,而SXFEL-UF的目标则是建成可提供5个实验站的用户装置并于2019年底开始首批实验。介绍了SXFEL的基本构成和目前装置研制的进展。
Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron laser facility(SXFEL)is the first coherent X-ray light source in China with the shortest wavelength down to 2 nm.SXFEL is based on a 1.5 GeV C-band linac,including one seeded FEL line,one self-amplified spontaneous emission FEL line and five experimental stations.The development of SXFEL is in two stages,the test facility SXFEL-TF and the user facility SXFEL-UF.SXFEL-TF is based on a 0.84 GeV linac,aiming to master the key technologies of a cascaded FEL with high gain harmonic generation(HGHG)and echo-enabled harmonic generation(EEHG)scheme.Meanwhile,the object of SXFEL-UF is to start user operation at the end of 2019.This paper presents the design,construction and commissioning status of SXFEL.
Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron laser facility(SXFEL)is the first coherent X-ray light source in China with the shortest wavelength down to 2 nm.SXFEL is based on a 1.5 GeV C-band linac,including one seeded FEL line,one self-amplified spontaneous emission FEL line and five experimental stations.The development of SXFEL is in two stages,the test facility SXFEL-TF and the user facility SXFEL-UF.SXFEL-TF is based on a 0.84 GeV linac,aiming to master the key technologies of a cascaded FEL with high gain harmonic generation(HGHG)and echo-enabled harmonic generation(EEHG)scheme.Meanwhile,the object of SXFEL-UF is to start user operation at the end of 2019.This paper presents the design,construction and commissioning status of SXFEL.
引文
[1]Kondratenko A M,Saldin E L.Generation of coherent radiation by a relativistic electron beam in an ondulator.Particle Accelerators,1980,10:207-216.
[2]Bonifacio R,Pellegrini C,Narducci L M.Collective instabilities and high-gain regime in a free electron laser[J].Optics Communications,1984,50(6):373-378.
[3]Yu L H.Generation of intense UV radiation by subharmonically seeded single-pass free-electron lasers[J].Physical Review A,1991,44(8):5178-5193.
[4]Wu J H,Yu L H.Coherent hard X-ray production by cascading stages of High Gain Harmonic Generation[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:Accelerators,Spectrometers,Detectors and Associated Equipment,2001,475(1/2/3):104-111.
[5]Stupakov G.Using the beam-echo effect for generation of short-wavelength radiation[J].Physical Review Letters,2009,102(7):074801.
[6]Xiang D,Stupakov G.Enhanced tunable narrowband THz emission from laser-modulated electron beams[J].Physical Review Special TopicsAccelerators and Beams,2009,12(8):080701.
[7]Yu L H.High-gain harmonic-generation free-electron laser[J].Science,2000,289(5481):932-934.
[8]Zhao Z T,Wang D,Chen J H,et al.First lasing of an echo-enabled harmonic generation free-electron laser[J].Nature Photonics,2012,6(6):360-363.
[9]Liu B,Li W B,Chen J H,et al.Demonstration of a widely-tunable and fully-coherent high-gain harmonicgeneration free-electron laser[J].Physical Review Special Topics-Accelerators and Beams,2013,16:020704.
[10]Allaria E,Appio R,Badano L,et al.Highly coherent and stable pulses from the FERMI seeded free-electron laser in the extreme ultraviolet[J].Nature Photonics,2012,6:699-704.
[11]Allaria E,Castronovo D,Cinquegrana P,et al.Two-stage seeded soft-X-ray free-electron laser[J].Nature Photonics,2013,7(11):913-918.
[12]Jiang M H,Yang X,Xu H J,et al.Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(22):4171-4181.
[13]Zheng L M,Du Y C,Zhang Z,et al.Development of S-band photocathode RF guns at tsinghua university[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:Accelerators,Spectrometers,Detectors and Associated Equipment,2016,834:98-107.
[14]Fang W C,Gu Q,Sheng X,et al.Design,fabrication and first beam tests of the C-band RFacceleration unit at SINAP[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:Accelerators,Spectrometers,Detectors and Associated Equipment,2016,823:91-97.
[15]Zhao Z T,Wang D,Yin L X,et al.The current status of the SXFEL project[J].AAPPS Bulletin,2016,26:12-24.
[16]Feng C,Huang D Z,Deng H X,et al.A single stage EEHG at SXFEL for narrow-bandwidth soft Xray generation[J].Science Bulletin,2016,61(15):1202-1212.
[17]Reiche S.GENESIS 1.3:a fully 3Dtime-dependent FEL simulation code[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:Accelerators,Spectrometers,Detectors and Associated Equipment,1999,429(1/2/3):243-248.
[18]Zhao Z T,Wang D,Gu Q,et al.Status of the SXFEL Facility[J].Applied Sciences,7(6):607.
[2]Bonifacio R,Pellegrini C,Narducci L M.Collective instabilities and high-gain regime in a free electron laser[J].Optics Communications,1984,50(6):373-378.
[3]Yu L H.Generation of intense UV radiation by subharmonically seeded single-pass free-electron lasers[J].Physical Review A,1991,44(8):5178-5193.
[4]Wu J H,Yu L H.Coherent hard X-ray production by cascading stages of High Gain Harmonic Generation[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:Accelerators,Spectrometers,Detectors and Associated Equipment,2001,475(1/2/3):104-111.
[5]Stupakov G.Using the beam-echo effect for generation of short-wavelength radiation[J].Physical Review Letters,2009,102(7):074801.
[6]Xiang D,Stupakov G.Enhanced tunable narrowband THz emission from laser-modulated electron beams[J].Physical Review Special TopicsAccelerators and Beams,2009,12(8):080701.
[7]Yu L H.High-gain harmonic-generation free-electron laser[J].Science,2000,289(5481):932-934.
[8]Zhao Z T,Wang D,Chen J H,et al.First lasing of an echo-enabled harmonic generation free-electron laser[J].Nature Photonics,2012,6(6):360-363.
[9]Liu B,Li W B,Chen J H,et al.Demonstration of a widely-tunable and fully-coherent high-gain harmonicgeneration free-electron laser[J].Physical Review Special Topics-Accelerators and Beams,2013,16:020704.
[10]Allaria E,Appio R,Badano L,et al.Highly coherent and stable pulses from the FERMI seeded free-electron laser in the extreme ultraviolet[J].Nature Photonics,2012,6:699-704.
[11]Allaria E,Castronovo D,Cinquegrana P,et al.Two-stage seeded soft-X-ray free-electron laser[J].Nature Photonics,2013,7(11):913-918.
[12]Jiang M H,Yang X,Xu H J,et al.Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(22):4171-4181.
[13]Zheng L M,Du Y C,Zhang Z,et al.Development of S-band photocathode RF guns at tsinghua university[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:Accelerators,Spectrometers,Detectors and Associated Equipment,2016,834:98-107.
[14]Fang W C,Gu Q,Sheng X,et al.Design,fabrication and first beam tests of the C-band RFacceleration unit at SINAP[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:Accelerators,Spectrometers,Detectors and Associated Equipment,2016,823:91-97.
[15]Zhao Z T,Wang D,Yin L X,et al.The current status of the SXFEL project[J].AAPPS Bulletin,2016,26:12-24.
[16]Feng C,Huang D Z,Deng H X,et al.A single stage EEHG at SXFEL for narrow-bandwidth soft Xray generation[J].Science Bulletin,2016,61(15):1202-1212.
[17]Reiche S.GENESIS 1.3:a fully 3Dtime-dependent FEL simulation code[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:Accelerators,Spectrometers,Detectors and Associated Equipment,1999,429(1/2/3):243-248.
[18]Zhao Z T,Wang D,Gu Q,et al.Status of the SXFEL Facility[J].Applied Sciences,7(6):607.