镧处理对干旱胁迫下烟草根系形态与生理特征的影响
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摘要
以烟草为盆栽试验材料,通过伸根期叶面喷施不同浓度稀土元素镧(Ⅲ),研究了镧处理对旺长期干旱胁迫下烟草根系形态与生理特征变化的影响。结果表明:低浓度La~(3+)(40,80 mg·L~(-1))促进烟草根系发育,显著提高了根系生物量和根活力,高浓度La~(3+)(300 mg·L~(-1))则表现出一定抑制作用。不同浓度La~(3+)均能增强烟草根系SOD、POD活性,维持CAT活性,增加脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白积累,但提高浓度效果不明显,甚至起负向作用。其中以80 mg·L~(-1)处理表现最突出,根系生物量积累和根体积增加显著,根系抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量提高,提高了烟草抗旱性。
The flue-cured tobacco was used for pot experimental material with foliage spraying during root-extented period of different concentrations of lanthanum(Ⅲ). The effects of lanthanum treatment on root morphology and physiological characteristics of tobacco were studied under the condition of drought stress during rapid-growth period. The results showed that,the low concentration of La~(3+)( 40 and 80 mg·L~(-1)) promoted the development of tobacco roots as the biomass and activity of root significantly increased,while high concentrations of La~(3+)( 300 mg·L~(-1)) showed some inhibitory effect. Different concentrations of La~(3+)could enhance the activity of SOD and POD in tobacco roots,maintain the activity of CAT,and increase the accumulation of proline and soluble protein,but the effect was not significant even negative with the increase of concentration. 80 mg·L~(-1) of lanthanum nitrate was the most prominent amount which significantly increased the biomass accumulation and volume of tobacco root,increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and contents of osmotic adjustment substances in tobacco roots,and improved the drought resistance of tobacco plants.
The flue-cured tobacco was used for pot experimental material with foliage spraying during root-extented period of different concentrations of lanthanum(Ⅲ). The effects of lanthanum treatment on root morphology and physiological characteristics of tobacco were studied under the condition of drought stress during rapid-growth period. The results showed that,the low concentration of La~(3+)( 40 and 80 mg·L~(-1)) promoted the development of tobacco roots as the biomass and activity of root significantly increased,while high concentrations of La~(3+)( 300 mg·L~(-1)) showed some inhibitory effect. Different concentrations of La~(3+)could enhance the activity of SOD and POD in tobacco roots,maintain the activity of CAT,and increase the accumulation of proline and soluble protein,but the effect was not significant even negative with the increase of concentration. 80 mg·L~(-1) of lanthanum nitrate was the most prominent amount which significantly increased the biomass accumulation and volume of tobacco root,increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and contents of osmotic adjustment substances in tobacco roots,and improved the drought resistance of tobacco plants.
引文
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[3]佚名.烤烟施用稀土微肥效果好[J].云南农业科技,1977,(3):42.Anonymity.Good effect of rare earth fertilizer application of tobacco[J].Yunnan Agricultural Science and Technology,1977,(3):42.
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[5]谢祖彬,朱建国,褚海燕,张雅丽,高人,曾青,曹志洪.分根法研究镧对水稻生长及其生理参数的影响[J].中国稀土学报,2003,21(1):71.Xie Z B,Zhu J G,Chu H Y,Zhang Y L,Gao R,Zeng Q,Cao Z H.Effect of Lanthanum on rice growth and physiological parameters with split-root nutrient solution method[J].Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths,2003,21(1):71.
[6]周荷益,陶宗娅,吴国,李群,罗学刚.镧(La3+)对盐胁迫下小麦幼苗活性氧代谢的影响[J].西北农业学报,2013,22(10):90.Zhou H Y,Tao Z Y,Wu G,Li Q,Luo X G.Effects of Lanthanum(La3+)on metabolism of reactive oxygen species in wheat seedlings under salt stress[J].Acta Agriculture Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2013,22(10):90.
[7]李庆华.稀土元素镧对刺槐幼苗抗旱性的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,(12):62.Li Q H.Effects of rare earth element lanthanum on drought tolerance of Robinia pseudoacacia L.seedlings[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,2014,(12):62.
[8]张一波,丁爽,陶丽华,周青.镧对酸雨胁迫下水稻种子可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量的影响[J].环境化学,2009,28(3):387.Zhang Y B,Ding S,Tao L H,Zhou Q.Effects of La on soluble protein content and proline content under acid rain stress[J].Environmental Chemistry,2009,28(3):387.
[9]高华军,黄瑾,钟二昌,林北森,黄忠言.稀土元素肥料对烤烟致香物质含量和评吸质量的影响[J].烟草科技,2011,47(12):36.Gao H J,Huang J,Zhong E C,Lin B S,Huang Z Y.Effects of rare earth fertilizer on contents of aroma components and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2011,47(12):36.
[10]高华军,黄瑾,林北森,周文亮,黄忠言.稀土元素肥料对烤烟产量及品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(5):77.Gao H J,Huang J,Lin B S,Zhou W L,Huang Z Y.Effects of rare earth fertilizer on yield and quality of fluecured tobacco[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2011,40(5):77.
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[12]雷和英,黄建庭.不同时期喷施硝酸稀土对烟草产质效应的研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,1993,(4):47.Lei H Y,Huang J T.Effects of spraying nitrate of rare earth on tobacco yield at different stages[J].Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,1993,(4):47.
[13]陈为钧,顾月华,王圣兵,赵贵文.镧对烟草Ru BPcase活性影响的研究[J].中国稀土学报,2000,18(3):258.Chen W J,Gu Y H,Wang S B,Zhao G W.Effect of lanthanum on Ru BPcase activity of tobacco seedlings[J].Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths,2000,18(3):258.
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[15]刘春生,劳秀荣,杨守祥,李絮花,王文祥.烟草吸收稀土元素的动态研究[J].中国烟草科学,1996,(2):5.Liu C S,Lao X R,Yang S X,Li X H,Wang W X.Dynamic study on the absorption of rare earth elements in tobacco[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,1996,(2):5.
[16]张志良,瞿伟菁,李小方.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2009.Zhang Z L,Qu W J,Li X F.Experimental guidance in Plant Physiology[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2009.
[17]李忠光,李江鸿,杜朝昆,黄号栋,龚明.在单一提取系统中同时测定五种植物抗氧化酶[J].云南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2002,22(6):44.Li Z G,Li J H,Du C K,Huang H D,Gong M.Simultaneous measurement of five antioxidant enzyme activities using a single extraction system[J].Journal of Yunnan Normal University(Natural Science),2002,22(6):44.
[18]张长云.稀土元素的生理机制与烤烟生产[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(8):221.Zhang C Y.Physiological mechanism of REE and tobacco production[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2007,23(8):221.
[19]Nakamaru Y,Tagami K,Uchida S.Effect of nutrient uptake by plant roots on the fate of REEs in soil[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2006,21(5):413.
[20]汪志威,刘仁祥,石妙妙,蒋佳欢,黄成艳,张孙健.基于称重法的烟草伸根期抗旱性鉴定[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(4):959.Wang Z W,Liu R X,Shi M M,Jiang J H,Huang C Y,Zhang S J.Drought resistance of tobacco seedlings identified by weighting method at root extending stage[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2016,29(4):959.
[21]唐加红,杨玉兰,苑中原,刘丹,陈国祥.镧对干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗抗氧化系统的影响[J].稀土,2011,32(1):12.Tang J H,Yang Y L,Yuan Z Y,Liu D,Chen G X.Effect of lanthanum on antioxidative system in wheet seedlings under drought stress[J].Chinese Rare Earths,2011,32(1):12.
[22]邓家军,胡继伟,张勇,黄先飞,李继新,苏贤坤.稀土金属离子对烟叶超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响[C].中国环境科学学会2009年学术年会论文集(第四卷),2009.599.Deng J J,Hu J W,Zhang Y,Huang X F,Li J X,Su X K.Effects of Rare Earth Metal ions on Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Tobacco Leaves[C].Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Chinese society of Environmental Sciences in 2009(Vol.4),2009.599.
[23]Hagenbeek D,Quatrano R S,Rock C D.Trivalent ions activate abscisic acid-inducible promoters through an ABI1-dependent pathway in rice protoplasts[J].Plant Physiol.,2000,123(4):1553.
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