内源性神经毒素1-甲基-6,7-二羟基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉在帕金森病模型中的研究进展
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摘要
内源性神经毒素1-甲基-6,7-二羟基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉(salsolinol,Sals)为多巴胺代谢产物,通过诱导氧化应激损伤和凋亡参与帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)的发病机制。1-甲基-6,7-二羟基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉是致使多巴胺能神经元选择性死亡的理想神经毒素,其可模拟帕金森病缓慢发展的自然疾病进程,可使大脑能够慢慢适应进行性损伤。通过诱导氧化应激损伤,诱导凋亡的发生,使其近年来成为研究帕金森病的重要工具药物。
Endogenous neurotoxin 1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline( salsolinol,Sals),an endogenous dopamine metabolite,were shown to be toxic to dopaminergic neurons in vitro as well as in vivo,and was known to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson' s disease( PD). Sals is a more realistic model for selective toxicity to nigral dopaminergic neurons,and mimic the natural course of PD that develops slowly,allowing the brain to adapt to progressive damage. Sals lead to neurotoxicity in dopaminergic cells through induction of oxidative stress and apoptotic dopaminergic cell death,which made it as an important tool drugs to study the pathogenesis of PD.
Endogenous neurotoxin 1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline( salsolinol,Sals),an endogenous dopamine metabolite,were shown to be toxic to dopaminergic neurons in vitro as well as in vivo,and was known to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson' s disease( PD). Sals is a more realistic model for selective toxicity to nigral dopaminergic neurons,and mimic the natural course of PD that develops slowly,allowing the brain to adapt to progressive damage. Sals lead to neurotoxicity in dopaminergic cells through induction of oxidative stress and apoptotic dopaminergic cell death,which made it as an important tool drugs to study the pathogenesis of PD.
引文
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[3]HAUSER D N,HASTINGS T G.Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease and monogenic parkinsonism[J].Neurobiol Dis,2013,51(3):35-42.
[4]SUBRAMANIAM S R,CHESSELET M F.Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease[J].Prog Neurobiol,2013,106-107:17-32.
[5]MRAVEC B.Salsolinol,a derivate of dopamine,is a possible modulator of catecholaminergic transmission:a review of recent developments[J].Physiol Res,2006,55(4):353-364.
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[2]LI X X,DU G H.The relationship of mitochondria dysfunction and Parkinson disease[J].Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志),2009,44(17):1284-1286.
[3]HAUSER D N,HASTINGS T G.Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease and monogenic parkinsonism[J].Neurobiol Dis,2013,51(3):35-42.
[4]SUBRAMANIAM S R,CHESSELET M F.Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease[J].Prog Neurobiol,2013,106-107:17-32.
[5]MRAVEC B.Salsolinol,a derivate of dopamine,is a possible modulator of catecholaminergic transmission:a review of recent developments[J].Physiol Res,2006,55(4):353-364.
[6]ORIGITANO T,HANNIGAN J,COLLINS M A.Rat brain salsolinol and blood-brain barrier[J].Brain Res,1981,224(2):446-451.
[7]FENG J,SCHROER R,YAN J,et al.High frequency of neurexin 1beta signal peptide structural variants in patients with autism[J].Neurosci Lett,2006,409(1):10-13.
[8]NAOI M,MARUYAMA W,NAGY G M.Dopamine-derived salsolinol derivatives as endogenous monoamine oxidase inhibitors:occurrence,metabolism and function in human brains[J].Neurotoxicology,2004,25(1-2):193-204.
[9]XIE G,YE J H.Salsolinol facilitates glutamatergic transmission to dopamine neurons in the posterior ventral tegmental area of rats[J].PLo S One,2012,7(5):e36716.
[10]MISZTAL T,HASIEC M,TOMASZEWSKA-ZAREMBA D,et al.The influence of salsolinol on dopaminergic system activity within the mediobasal hypothalamus of anestrous sheep:a model for studies on the salsolinol-dopamine relationship[J].Acta Neurobiol Exp(Wars),2011,71(3):305-312.
[11]MISZTAL T,TOMASZEWSKA-ZAREMBA D,GORSKI K,et al.Opioid-salsolinol relationship in the control of prolactin release during lactation[J].Neuroscience,2010,170(4):1165-1171.
[12]GORSKI K,ROMANOWICZ K,MOLIK E,et al.Effects of salsolinol and its antagonistic analogue,1-Me DIQ,on growth hormone release in nursing sheep[J].Acta Neurobiol Exp(Wars),2010,70(1):20-27.
[13]POLACHE A,GRANERO L.Salsolinol and ethanol-derived excitation of dopamine mesolimbic neurons:new insights[J].Front Behav Neurosci,2013,7:74.
[14]DEEHAN G A J R,ENGLEMAN E A,DING Z M,et al.Microinjections of acetaldehyde or salsolinol into the posterior ventral tegmental area increase dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens shell[J].Alcohol Clin Exp Res,2013,37(5):722-729.
[15]CHEN X C,WANG R,MAO J,et al.Activity assay of salsolinol synthase using high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection[J].Chemistry(化学通报),2010,73(10):938-942.
[16]WSZELAKI N,MELZIG M F.Low level of glutathione can intensify the toxic effect of salsolinol in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line[J].Neurotoxicology,2012,33(3):424-428.
[17]HIPOLITO L,SANCHEZ-CATALAN M J,MARTI-PRATS L,et al.Revisiting the controversial role of salsolinol in the neurobiological effects of ethanol:old and new vistas[J].Neurosci Biobehav Rev,2012,36(1):362-378.
[18]MARUYAMA W,ABE T,TOHGI H,et al.A dopaminergic neurotoxin,(R)-N-methylsalsolinol,increases in Parkinsonian cerebrospinal fluid[J].Ann Neurol,1996,40(1):119-122.
[19]MARUYAMA W,SOBUE G,MATSUBARA K,et al.A dopaminergic neurotoxin,1(R),2(N)-dimethyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline,N-methyl(R)salsolinol,and its oxidation product,1,2(N)-dimethyl-6,7-dihydroxyisoquinolinium ion,accumulate in the nigro-striatal system of the human brain[J].Neurosci Lett,1997,223(1):61-64.
[20]MARUYAMA W,NAKAHARA D,OTA M,et al.N-methylation of dopamine-derived 6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline,(R)-salsolinol,in rat brains:in vivo microdialysis study[J].J Neurochem,1992,59(2):395-400.
[21]NAOI M,MARUYAMA W,DOSTERT P,et al.Dopamine-derived endogenous 1(R),2(N)-dimethyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline,N-methyl-(R)-salsolinol,induced parkinsonism in rat:biochemical,pathological and behavioral studies[J].Brain Res,1996,709(2):285-295.
[22]WASIK A,ROMANSKA I,MICHALUK J,et al.Chronic salsolinol administration prevents the behavioral and neurochemical effects of L-DOPA in rats[J].Neurotox Res,2015,27(4):399-410.
[23]BRIGGS G D,NAGY G M,DICKSON P W.Mechanism of action of salsolinol on tyrosine hydroxylase[J].Neurochem Int,2013,63(8):726-731.
[24]NAGASAWA Y,UEOKA R,YAMANOKUCHI R,et al.Isolation of salsolinol,a tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid,from the marine sponge Xestospongia cf.vansoesti as a proteasome inhibitor[J].Chem Pharm Bull(Tokyo),2011,59(2):287-290.
[25]PAPA L,GOMES E,ROCKWELL P.Reactive oxygen species induced by proteasome inhibition in neuronal cells mediate mitochondrial dysfunction and a caspase-independent cell death[J].Apoptosis,2007,12(8):1389-1405.
[26]CHUN H S,GIBSON G E,DEGIORGIO L A,et al.Dopaminergic cell death induced by MPP(+),oxidant and specific neurotoxicants shares the common molecular mechanism[J].J Neurochem,2001,76(4):1010-1021.
[27]STORCH A,KAFTAN A,BURKHARDT K,et al.1-Methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline(salsolinol)is toxic to dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells via impairment of cellular energy metabolism[J].Brain Res,2000,855(1):67-75.
[28]COPELAND R L J R,DAS J R,KANAAN Y M,et al.Antiapoptotic effects of nicotine in its protection against salsolinol-induced cytotoxicity[J].Neurotox Res,2007,12(1):61-69.
[29]JANTAS D,PYTEL M,MOZRZYMAS J W,et al.The attenuating effect of memantine on staurosporine-,salsolinol-and doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells[J].Neurochem Int,2008,52(4-5):864-877.
[30]AKAO Y,MARUYAMA W,SHIMIZU S,et al.Mitochondrial permeability transition mediates apoptosis induced by N-methyl(R)salsolinol,an endogenous neurotoxin,and is inhibited by Bcl-2 and rasagiline,N-propargyl-1(R)-aminoindan[J].J Neurochem,2002,82(4):913-923.
[31]TOBON-VELASCO J C,CARMONA-APARICIO L,ALI S F,et al.Biomarkers of cell damage induced by oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease and related models[J].Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem,2010,10(4):278-286.
[32]JAMAL M,AMENO K,AMENO S,et al.In vivo study of salsolinol produced by a high concentration of acetaldehyde in the striatum and nucleus accumbens of free-moving rats[J].Alcohol Clin Exp Res,2003,27(8 suppl):79-84.
[33]JAMAL M,AMENO K,KUBOTA T,et al.In vivo formation of salsolinol induced by high acetaldehyde concentration in rat striatum employing microdialysis[J].Alcohol Alcohol,2003,38(3):197-201.
[34]DENG Y,LUAN Y,QING H,et al.The formation of catechol isoquinolines in PC12 cells exposed to manganese[J].Neurosci Lett,2008,444(2):122-126.
[35]WANG R,QING H,LIU X Q,et al.Iron contributes to the formation of catechol isoquinolines and oxidative toxicity induced by overdose dopamine in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells[J].Neurosci Bull,2008,24(3):125-132.
[36]MRAVEC B.Salsolinol,a derivate of dopamine,is a possible modulator of catecholaminergic transmission:a review of recent developments[J].Physiol Res,2006,55(4):353-364.
[37]WANPEN S,KOONCUMCHOO P,SHAVALI S,et al.Salsolinol,an endogenous neurotoxin,activates JNK and NF-kappa B signaling pathways in human neuroblastoma cells[J].Neurochem Res,2007,32(3):443-450.
[38]KURNIK M,GIL K,GAJDA M,et al.Neuropathic alterations of the myenteric plexus neurons following subacute intraperitoneal administration of salsolinol[J].Folia Histochem Cytobiol,2015,53(1):49-61.
[39]MOZDZEN E,KAJTA M,WASIK A,et al.Salsolinol,an endogenous compound triggers a two-phase opposing action in the central nervous system[J].Neurotox Res,2015,27(3):300-313.
[40]SURH Y J,JUNG Y J,JANG J H,et al.Iron enhancement of oxidative DNA damage and neuronal cell death induced by salsolinol[J].J Toxicol Environ Health A,2002,65(5-6):473-488.
[41]KANG J H.Salsolinol,a catechol neurotoxin,induces oxidative modification of cytochrome C[J].BMB Rep,2013,46(2):119-123.
[42]WANPEN S,GOVITRAPONG P,SHAVALI S,et al.Salsolinol,a dopamine-derived tetrahydroisoquinoline,induces cell death by causing oxidative stress in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells,and the said effect is attenuated by metallothionein[J].Brain Res,2004,1005(1-2):67-76.
[43]GARRIDO M,TERESHCHENKO Y,ZHEVTSOVA Z,et al.Glutathione depletion and overproduction both initiate degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons[J].Acta Neuropathol,2011,121(4):475-485.
[44]NAOI M,MARUYAMA W,AKAO Y,et al.Mitochondria determine the survival and death in apoptosis by an endogenous neurotoxin,N-methyl(R)salsolinol,and neuroprotection by propargylamines[J].J Neural Transm,2002,109(5-6):607-621.
[45]KANG J H.Salsolinol,a tetrahydroisoquinoline catechol neurotoxin,induces human Cu,Zn-superoxidie dismutase modificaiton[J].J Biochem Mol Biol,2007,40(5):684-689.
[46]SU Y,DUAN J,YING Z,et al.Increased vulnerability of parkin knock down PC12 cells to hydrogen peroxide toxicity:he role of salsolinol and NM-salsolinol[J].Neuroscience,2013,233(6):72-85.
[47]KHERADPEZHOUH M,SHAVALI S,EBADI M.Salsolinol causing parkinsonism activates endoplasmic reticulum-stress signaling pathways in human dopaminergic SK-N-SH cells[J].Neurosignals,2003,12(6):315-324.
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