京津冀地区国家农业科技园区创新能力评价及提升策略
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摘要
在对京津冀地区7个国家级农业科技园区的创新现状及成效进行分析的基础上,构建了包含3个一级指标、11个二级指标和31个三级指标的评价体系,并运用主客观组合赋权法确定权重的评价模型对园区创新能力进行评价。结果发现,京津冀地区国家农业科技园区创新投入不断加大,创新途径日益丰富;创新能力不断增强,集成示范与辐射带动效益持续提升;在加快农业科技成果转移转化、促进农业产业结构调整、带动农民增收致富等方面发挥了重要作用。然而,京津冀地区国家农业科技园区的创新能力仍处于较低水平,平均创新能力指数仅为0.316;各园区创新能力差距较大,各园区创新能力变异系数高达56.5%;园区创新能力处于主要由创新支撑驱动的起步阶段,对创新能力指数贡献率为36.72%,集成示范和辐射带动功能尚未显现。应通过鼓励园区建设农业科技企业孵化器、提升园区带动能力、推动园区农业科技协同创新等措施来促进创新能力的提升。
This paper firstly analyzed the status quo and efforts of seven national agricultural science and technology park of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and built the index evaluation system consists of 3 level indicators, 11 second-level indicators and 31 third-level indicators, then using the method of subjective and objective performance to determine the weights of evaluation model to evaluate the park innovation ability. Results showed that: the innovation input of national agricultural science and technology parks in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei area is increasing, and the innovation channels are becoming more and more abundant. The innovation capability had been continuously enhanced, and the benefits of integrated demonstration and radiation had been continuously improved. It played an important role in accelerating the transfer and transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, promoting the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and increasing farmers' income and wealth. However, the innovation capacity of the national agricultural science and technology parks in the Beijing-TianjinHebei region is still at a low level, and the average innovation capability index was only 0.316. Moreover, there wasa large gap between the innovation capability of each park, and the innovation capability variation coefficient of each park was as high as 56.5%. The innovation capability of the park was at the initial stage mainly driven by innovation support, contributing 36.72% to the innovation capability index. The integrated demonstration and radiation-driven function had not yet been shown. We should promote the improvement of innovation ability by encouraging the construction of agricultural science and technology enterprise incubator in the park, enhancing the driving ability of the park and promoting the collaborative innovation of agricultural science and technology in the park.
This paper firstly analyzed the status quo and efforts of seven national agricultural science and technology park of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and built the index evaluation system consists of 3 level indicators, 11 second-level indicators and 31 third-level indicators, then using the method of subjective and objective performance to determine the weights of evaluation model to evaluate the park innovation ability. Results showed that: the innovation input of national agricultural science and technology parks in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei area is increasing, and the innovation channels are becoming more and more abundant. The innovation capability had been continuously enhanced, and the benefits of integrated demonstration and radiation had been continuously improved. It played an important role in accelerating the transfer and transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, promoting the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and increasing farmers' income and wealth. However, the innovation capacity of the national agricultural science and technology parks in the Beijing-TianjinHebei region is still at a low level, and the average innovation capability index was only 0.316. Moreover, there wasa large gap between the innovation capability of each park, and the innovation capability variation coefficient of each park was as high as 56.5%. The innovation capability of the park was at the initial stage mainly driven by innovation support, contributing 36.72% to the innovation capability index. The integrated demonstration and radiation-driven function had not yet been shown. We should promote the improvement of innovation ability by encouraging the construction of agricultural science and technology enterprise incubator in the park, enhancing the driving ability of the park and promoting the collaborative innovation of agricultural science and technology in the park.
引文
[1]科技部,农业部,水利部,国家林业局,中国科学院,中国农业银行.关于印发《国家农业科技园区发展规划(2018—2025年)》,国科发农[2018]30号,2018-01-22.
[2]国家农业科技园区创新能力评价课题组.国家农业科技园区创新能力评价报告2015[N].科技日报,2017-02-03.
[3]马爱平.农业科技,创新驱动,跨越发展——国家农业科技园区2001—2013年发展纪实[N].科技日报,2013-12-26.
[4]Halewood M,Chiurugwi T,Sackville H R,et al.Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture:opportunities and challenges emerging from the science and information technology revolution[J].New Phytologist,2018,217:1407-1419.
[5]Kuchiki A,Mizobe T,Gokan T.A multiindustrial linkages approach to cluster building in East Asia:targeting the agriculture[A].Food,and Tourism Industry[M].Springer,2017.
[6]邵华.国家农业科技园区规划研究——以山东滨州国家农业科技园区为例[J].城市规划学刊,2012(4):73-78.
[7]喻璐颖,杨君.基于功能分区的国家农业科技园区规划研究——以望城国家农业科技园为例[J].国土与自然资源研究,2016(2):78-82.
[8]孙宏勇,刘小京,巨兆强,等.河北沧州国家农业科技园区发展模式探讨[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(8):1145-1150.
[9]张长海.现代农业科技园区创新发展模式探索研究[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(11):224-226.
[10]蒋和平,宋莉莉.国家农业科技园区的运行模式分析[J].科技与经济,2006(6):21-24.
[11]蒋和平,张春敏.对试点的国家农业科技园区建设重新定位的思考[J].科技与经济,2005(4):30-32.
[12]陈栋,甄双七,刘建峰,等.我国农业科技园区建设现状与发展对策[J].广东农业科学,2006(12):116-120.
[13]李宏伟,屈锡华,胥璐.新疆昌吉国家农业科技园的职业农民培育研究[J].农村经济与科技,2015,26(12):257-260.
[14]周坚,林爱红,药林桃,等.新余国家农业科技园区建设成效和发展模式分析[J].江西科学,2016,34(6):880-890.
[15]刘桂峰.北海国家农业科技园区发展状况、问题与建议[J].天津农业科学,2014,20(11):54-57.
[16]张琳.我国现代农业科技园区战略转型的路径研究[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(24):184-188.
[17]熊元,杨琼芬,陈传庆.贵州贵阳(乌当)国家农业科技园区综合评估[J].贵州农业科学,2007,35(6):92-95.
[18]张娅.现代农业科技园区运行效率研究——以65个国家农业科技园区为例[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2016.
[19]赵黎明,翟印礼.改进CES模型下的产业集聚效应估计——基于河南许昌国家农业科技园区的实证研究[J].农业经济,2014(11):78-80.
[20]孟欢欢.农业科技园示范带动能力评价及影响因素分析——以西北传统农区为例[D].西安:西北大学,2014.
[21]张晓宁,孙养学.西北半干旱地区现代农业区域示范效应的影响因素分析——以4个国家现代农业科技园区为例[J].河北农业科学,2017,21(1):91-94.
[22]罗广宁,孙娟,肖田野.广东省国家农业科技园区发展态势和创新能力评价[J].科技管理研究,2016(23):108-114.
[23]中华人民共和国科学技术部.国家重点园区创新监测报告2016[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2017.
[24]蒋和平,崔凯.农业科技园带动社会主义新农村建设的原理分析[J].科技与经济,2010(23):61-65.
[25]王丽娟,信丽媛,宋治文.京津冀农业科技协同创新的路径探索[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(2):140-143,265.
[26]张锋.关于组建农业科技创新联盟的思考[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(9):5-7.
[2]国家农业科技园区创新能力评价课题组.国家农业科技园区创新能力评价报告2015[N].科技日报,2017-02-03.
[3]马爱平.农业科技,创新驱动,跨越发展——国家农业科技园区2001—2013年发展纪实[N].科技日报,2013-12-26.
[4]Halewood M,Chiurugwi T,Sackville H R,et al.Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture:opportunities and challenges emerging from the science and information technology revolution[J].New Phytologist,2018,217:1407-1419.
[5]Kuchiki A,Mizobe T,Gokan T.A multiindustrial linkages approach to cluster building in East Asia:targeting the agriculture[A].Food,and Tourism Industry[M].Springer,2017.
[6]邵华.国家农业科技园区规划研究——以山东滨州国家农业科技园区为例[J].城市规划学刊,2012(4):73-78.
[7]喻璐颖,杨君.基于功能分区的国家农业科技园区规划研究——以望城国家农业科技园为例[J].国土与自然资源研究,2016(2):78-82.
[8]孙宏勇,刘小京,巨兆强,等.河北沧州国家农业科技园区发展模式探讨[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(8):1145-1150.
[9]张长海.现代农业科技园区创新发展模式探索研究[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(11):224-226.
[10]蒋和平,宋莉莉.国家农业科技园区的运行模式分析[J].科技与经济,2006(6):21-24.
[11]蒋和平,张春敏.对试点的国家农业科技园区建设重新定位的思考[J].科技与经济,2005(4):30-32.
[12]陈栋,甄双七,刘建峰,等.我国农业科技园区建设现状与发展对策[J].广东农业科学,2006(12):116-120.
[13]李宏伟,屈锡华,胥璐.新疆昌吉国家农业科技园的职业农民培育研究[J].农村经济与科技,2015,26(12):257-260.
[14]周坚,林爱红,药林桃,等.新余国家农业科技园区建设成效和发展模式分析[J].江西科学,2016,34(6):880-890.
[15]刘桂峰.北海国家农业科技园区发展状况、问题与建议[J].天津农业科学,2014,20(11):54-57.
[16]张琳.我国现代农业科技园区战略转型的路径研究[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(24):184-188.
[17]熊元,杨琼芬,陈传庆.贵州贵阳(乌当)国家农业科技园区综合评估[J].贵州农业科学,2007,35(6):92-95.
[18]张娅.现代农业科技园区运行效率研究——以65个国家农业科技园区为例[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2016.
[19]赵黎明,翟印礼.改进CES模型下的产业集聚效应估计——基于河南许昌国家农业科技园区的实证研究[J].农业经济,2014(11):78-80.
[20]孟欢欢.农业科技园示范带动能力评价及影响因素分析——以西北传统农区为例[D].西安:西北大学,2014.
[21]张晓宁,孙养学.西北半干旱地区现代农业区域示范效应的影响因素分析——以4个国家现代农业科技园区为例[J].河北农业科学,2017,21(1):91-94.
[22]罗广宁,孙娟,肖田野.广东省国家农业科技园区发展态势和创新能力评价[J].科技管理研究,2016(23):108-114.
[23]中华人民共和国科学技术部.国家重点园区创新监测报告2016[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2017.
[24]蒋和平,崔凯.农业科技园带动社会主义新农村建设的原理分析[J].科技与经济,2010(23):61-65.
[25]王丽娟,信丽媛,宋治文.京津冀农业科技协同创新的路径探索[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(2):140-143,265.
[26]张锋.关于组建农业科技创新联盟的思考[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(9):5-7.