粗粒料接触面模型及其在土石坝工程中的应用
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摘要
在土石坝工程中越来越重视岸坡与坝料之间的接触特性,将土体本构模型中使用较多的双曲线型硬化规律运用至接触面模型,提出了一个简洁的接触面本构模型,推导了接触面模型刚度矩阵表达式。通过对4组试验的预测结果与试验结果的对比,表明该模型可以较好地预测粗粒料的界面剪切试验。将提出的接触面模型嵌入有限元程序,应用于如美心墙坝河谷与坝料的接触分析。三维有限元计算结果表明:坝体两侧岸坡的剪切位移变化规律都是中间部分剪切滑移量较大,岸坡边缘部分相对较小,陡坡一侧最大滑移量大于较缓一侧。这些均符合粗粒料滑移的基本规律,可为岸坡-坝料接触特性研究以及土石坝工程计算提供参考。
More and more attention was paid to the behavior of bedrock-dam materials interface in earth rockfill dams. The hyperbolic hardening rule for constitutive model of coarse grained soil is introduced into the model for soil-structure interface and thus a simple elasto-plastic interface model is suggested. The expression of stiffness matrix of interface model is derived. The performance of proposed model is demonstrated by comparing its predictions with direct shear test results for different types of granular soils, including sand and rockfill materials, during shearing. Within the framework of thin layer element finite element scheme, the interface model is applied in numerical finite element program. Combining Rumei high core-wall dam example, shear sliding property of shear band between dam materials and valley is analyzed. Simulation results show that tangential displacements of middle zone of slope is relatively large while the edge zone is relatively small. These are in accordance with the sliding law of coarse-grained soils, which provide a favorable reference to research on shear sliding property of bedrock-dam materials interface and deformations calculation of earth-rock dam.
More and more attention was paid to the behavior of bedrock-dam materials interface in earth rockfill dams. The hyperbolic hardening rule for constitutive model of coarse grained soil is introduced into the model for soil-structure interface and thus a simple elasto-plastic interface model is suggested. The expression of stiffness matrix of interface model is derived. The performance of proposed model is demonstrated by comparing its predictions with direct shear test results for different types of granular soils, including sand and rockfill materials, during shearing. Within the framework of thin layer element finite element scheme, the interface model is applied in numerical finite element program. Combining Rumei high core-wall dam example, shear sliding property of shear band between dam materials and valley is analyzed. Simulation results show that tangential displacements of middle zone of slope is relatively large while the edge zone is relatively small. These are in accordance with the sliding law of coarse-grained soils, which provide a favorable reference to research on shear sliding property of bedrock-dam materials interface and deformations calculation of earth-rock dam.
引文
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[19]张嘎,张建民.接触面弹塑性损伤模型在面板堆石坝应力变形分析中的应用[J].水力发电学报,2005,24(4):5-10.ZHANG Ga,ZHANG Jian-min.Application of elastoplasticity damage interface model in stress-strain analysis of CFRD[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2005,24(4):5-10.
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[21]魏匡民,陈生水,李国英,等.陡峻河谷高面板坝坝体与坝基接触效应研究[J].岩土力学,2018,39(9):1001-1010.WEI Kuang-min,CHEN Sheng-shui,LI Guo-ying,et al.Influence of contact effect between dam body and dam foundation on behaviors of high CFRDs built in steep valleys[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(9):1001-1010.
[22]孙海忠,黄茂松.考虑颗粒破碎的粗粒土临界状态弹塑性本构模型[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(8):1284-1290.SUN Hai-zhong,HUANG Mao-song.Critical state elasto-plastic model for coarse granular aggregates incorporating particle breakage[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(8):1284-1290.
[23]PIETRUSZCZAK S.Modeling of sand behavior under earthquake excitation[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Method in Geomechanics,1987,11(2):221-240.
[24]魏匡民,陈生水,李国英,等.基于状态参数的筑坝粗粒土本构模型[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(4):654-661.WEI Kuang-min,CHEN Sheng-shui,LI Guo-ying,et al.Constitutive model for coarse-grained dam materials considering state parameter[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(4):654-661.
[25]SHAHROUR I,REZAIE F.An elastoplastic constitutive relation for the soil-structure interface under cyclic loading[J].Computers and Geotechnics,1997,21(1):21-39.
[26]ZHANG Ga,ZHANG Jian-min.Unified modeling of monotonic and cyclic behavior of interface between structure and gravelly soil[J].Soils and Foundations,2008,48(2):231-245.
[27]LI X S,DAFALIAS Y F.Dilatancy for cohesionless soils[J].Geotechnique,2000,50(4):449-460.
[28]UESUGI M,KISHIDA H.Frictional resistance at yield between dry sand and mild steel[J].Soils and Foundations,1986,26(4):139-149.
[29]张嘎,张建民.粗粒土与结构接触面单调力学特性的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(1):21-25.ZHANG Ga,ZHANG Jian-min.Experimental study on monotonic behavior of interface between soil and structure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(1):21-25.
[30]冯大阔.粗粒土与结构接触面三维本构规律、机理与模型研究[D].北京:清华大学,2012.FENG Da-kuo.Three-dimensional constitutive laws,mechanism and model of gravel-structure interfaces[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2012.
[31]胡黎明,濮家骝.土与结构物接触面物理力学特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(4):431-435.HU Li-ming,PU Jia-liu.Experimental study on mechanical characteristics of soil-structure interface[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(4):431-435.
[32]卞士海,李国英,魏匡民,等.一个改进的堆石料广义塑性模型[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(10):1936-1942.BIAN Shi-hai,LI Guo-ying,WEI Kuang-min,et al.Modified generalized plasticity model for rockfill materials[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(10):1936-1942.
[33]王占军,陈生水,傅中志.堆石料的剪胀特性与广义塑性本构模型[J].岩土力学,2015,36(7):1931-1938.WANG Zhan-jun,CHEN Sheng-shui,FU Zhong-zhi.Dilatancy behaviors and generalized plasticity constitutive model of rockfill materials[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(7):1931-1938.
[34]朱晟,王永明,胡祥群.免疫遗传算法在土石坝筑坝粗粒料本构模型参数反演中的应用研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(3):961-966.ZHU Sheng,WANG Yong-ming,HU Xiang-qun.Application of immune genetic algorithm to back analysis for parameters in model of rockfill dam coarse grain materials[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(3):961-966.
[2]DESAI C S,ZAMAN M M,LIGHTNER J G,et al.Thin-layer elements for interfaces and Joints[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,1984,8(1):19-43.
[3]CLOUGH G W,DUNCAN J M.Finite element analysis of retaining wall behavior[J].Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,ASCE,1971,97(SM12):1657-1673.
[4]卢廷浩,鲍伏波.接触面薄层单元耦合本构模型[J].水利学报,2000,31(2):71-75.LU Ting-hao,BAO Fu-bo.A coupled constitutive model for interface thin-layer element[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2000,31(2):71-75.
[5]FAKHARIAN K,EVGIN E.Elasto-plastic modeling of stress-path-dependent behavior of interfaces[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2000,24:183-199.
[6]GENNARO V,FRANK R.Elasto-plastic analysis of the interface behavior between granular media and structure[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2002,29(7):547-572.
[7]GHIONNA V,MORTARA G.An elastoplastic model for sand-structure interface behavior[J].Geotechnique,2002,52(1):41-50.
[8]ZEGHAL M,EDIL T.Soil structure interaction analysis:modeling the interface[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2002,39(3):620-628.
[9]HU L,PU J L.Application of damage model for soil-structure interface[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2003,30(2):165-183.
[10]HU L,PU J.Testing and modeling of soil-structure interface[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2004,130(8):851-860.
[11]DESAI C S,MA Y.Modelling of joints and interfaces using the disturbed-state concept[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,1992,16(9):623-653.
[12]LASHKARI A.A plasticity model for sand-structure interfaces[J].Journal of Central South University,2012,19(4):1098-1108.
[13]LASHKARI A.A critical state model for saturated and unsaturated interfaces[J].Scientia Iranica,2012,19(5):1147-1156.
[14]LIU H,SONG E,LING H I.Constitutive modeling of soil-structure interface through the concept of critical state soil mechanics[J].Mechanics Research Communications,2006,33(4):515-531.
[15]LIU J,ZOU D,KONG X.A three-dimensional state-dependent model of soil-structure interface for monotonic and cyclic loadings[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2014,61:166-177.
[16]张嘎,张建民.粗粒土与结构接触面统一本构模型及试验验证[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(10):1175-1179.ZHANG Ga,ZHANG Jian-min.Unified modeling of soil-structure interface and its test confirmation[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(10):1175-1179.
[17]JAN Y Y.A critical state plasticity model for granular soils[D].West Lafayette:Purdue University,1997.
[18]胡黎明,濮家骝,王刚.接触面损伤模型应用于三维有限元分析[J].水利学报,2002,47(3):44-49.HU Li-ming,PU Jia-liu,WANG Gang.Application of damage interface model for 3-D FEM analysis[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2002,47(3):44-49.
[19]张嘎,张建民.接触面弹塑性损伤模型在面板堆石坝应力变形分析中的应用[J].水力发电学报,2005,24(4):5-10.ZHANG Ga,ZHANG Jian-min.Application of elastoplasticity damage interface model in stress-strain analysis of CFRD[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2005,24(4):5-10.
[20]刘京茂,孔宪京,邹德高.接触面模型对面板与垫层间接触变形及面板应力的影响[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(4):700-710.LIU Jing-mao,KONG Xian-jing,ZOU De-gao.Effects of interface models on deformation of interface between slab and cushion layer and slab stress of concrete faced rock fill dam[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(4):700-710.
[21]魏匡民,陈生水,李国英,等.陡峻河谷高面板坝坝体与坝基接触效应研究[J].岩土力学,2018,39(9):1001-1010.WEI Kuang-min,CHEN Sheng-shui,LI Guo-ying,et al.Influence of contact effect between dam body and dam foundation on behaviors of high CFRDs built in steep valleys[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(9):1001-1010.
[22]孙海忠,黄茂松.考虑颗粒破碎的粗粒土临界状态弹塑性本构模型[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(8):1284-1290.SUN Hai-zhong,HUANG Mao-song.Critical state elasto-plastic model for coarse granular aggregates incorporating particle breakage[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(8):1284-1290.
[23]PIETRUSZCZAK S.Modeling of sand behavior under earthquake excitation[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Method in Geomechanics,1987,11(2):221-240.
[24]魏匡民,陈生水,李国英,等.基于状态参数的筑坝粗粒土本构模型[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(4):654-661.WEI Kuang-min,CHEN Sheng-shui,LI Guo-ying,et al.Constitutive model for coarse-grained dam materials considering state parameter[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(4):654-661.
[25]SHAHROUR I,REZAIE F.An elastoplastic constitutive relation for the soil-structure interface under cyclic loading[J].Computers and Geotechnics,1997,21(1):21-39.
[26]ZHANG Ga,ZHANG Jian-min.Unified modeling of monotonic and cyclic behavior of interface between structure and gravelly soil[J].Soils and Foundations,2008,48(2):231-245.
[27]LI X S,DAFALIAS Y F.Dilatancy for cohesionless soils[J].Geotechnique,2000,50(4):449-460.
[28]UESUGI M,KISHIDA H.Frictional resistance at yield between dry sand and mild steel[J].Soils and Foundations,1986,26(4):139-149.
[29]张嘎,张建民.粗粒土与结构接触面单调力学特性的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(1):21-25.ZHANG Ga,ZHANG Jian-min.Experimental study on monotonic behavior of interface between soil and structure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(1):21-25.
[30]冯大阔.粗粒土与结构接触面三维本构规律、机理与模型研究[D].北京:清华大学,2012.FENG Da-kuo.Three-dimensional constitutive laws,mechanism and model of gravel-structure interfaces[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2012.
[31]胡黎明,濮家骝.土与结构物接触面物理力学特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(4):431-435.HU Li-ming,PU Jia-liu.Experimental study on mechanical characteristics of soil-structure interface[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(4):431-435.
[32]卞士海,李国英,魏匡民,等.一个改进的堆石料广义塑性模型[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(10):1936-1942.BIAN Shi-hai,LI Guo-ying,WEI Kuang-min,et al.Modified generalized plasticity model for rockfill materials[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(10):1936-1942.
[33]王占军,陈生水,傅中志.堆石料的剪胀特性与广义塑性本构模型[J].岩土力学,2015,36(7):1931-1938.WANG Zhan-jun,CHEN Sheng-shui,FU Zhong-zhi.Dilatancy behaviors and generalized plasticity constitutive model of rockfill materials[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(7):1931-1938.
[34]朱晟,王永明,胡祥群.免疫遗传算法在土石坝筑坝粗粒料本构模型参数反演中的应用研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(3):961-966.ZHU Sheng,WANG Yong-ming,HU Xiang-qun.Application of immune genetic algorithm to back analysis for parameters in model of rockfill dam coarse grain materials[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(3):961-966.