锥形光纤在空间光通信耦合系统中的应用
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摘要
为了提高自由空间光通信的接收端耦合效率,将锥形光纤应用于光耦合,依据BPM算法的仿真结果使用熔融拉锥法制备了满足低损传输条件的锥形光纤。在实验上研究了锥形光纤和双锥形光纤模场传输特性。通过静态空间光-光纤耦合实验,对比了多/单模熔接光纤和锥形光纤光耦合效率和传输效率的差异,并研究了以上两种光纤结构耦合效率的横向偏移量容差。结果表明,锥形光纤的传输效率约为70%,具有低损传输特性、用于匹配后端单模光电子器件的良好滤波特性以及相比普通光纤更高的横向偏移量容差特性,因此可以广泛应用于自由空间光通信接收端光耦合、模式转换器等方面。
Free-space optical communication has many advantages over traditional communication.Improving the coupling efficiency of free-space optical communication(FSOC)receivers is of great significance for the quality of communication.We used tapered fibers in optical coupling.Based on the simulation results using the BPM algorithm,tapered fibers with low loss transmission were prepared using a fusion taper method.First,the mode field transmission characteristics of the tapered fibers and double tapered fibers were studied.Second,the difference in coupling efficiency and transmission efficiency between multi/single mode fused fibers and tapered fibers was studied using a static spatial light-fiber coupling experiment.The lateral offset tolerances of the coupling efficiency of these two fiber structures were also studied.The results show that the tapered fibers have good filtering characteristics for matching single-mode optoelectronic devices in the back end.They also have higher lateral offset tolerance characteristics than common fibers and a high transmission efficiency of around70%that demonstrates low-loss transmission characteristics.Therefore,tapered fibers can be widely applied in the optical coupling of FSOC receivers and mode converters.
Free-space optical communication has many advantages over traditional communication.Improving the coupling efficiency of free-space optical communication(FSOC)receivers is of great significance for the quality of communication.We used tapered fibers in optical coupling.Based on the simulation results using the BPM algorithm,tapered fibers with low loss transmission were prepared using a fusion taper method.First,the mode field transmission characteristics of the tapered fibers and double tapered fibers were studied.Second,the difference in coupling efficiency and transmission efficiency between multi/single mode fused fibers and tapered fibers was studied using a static spatial light-fiber coupling experiment.The lateral offset tolerances of the coupling efficiency of these two fiber structures were also studied.The results show that the tapered fibers have good filtering characteristics for matching single-mode optoelectronic devices in the back end.They also have higher lateral offset tolerance characteristics than common fibers and a high transmission efficiency of around70%that demonstrates low-loss transmission characteristics.Therefore,tapered fibers can be widely applied in the optical coupling of FSOC receivers and mode converters.
引文
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[21]闫亚东,何俊华,许瑞华,等.复合式多点测量速度干涉仪光学系统设计[J].光学精密工程,2017,25(8):2023-2028.YAN Y D,HE J H,XU R H,et al..Optical system design of compound multi-point measurement velocity interferometer[J].Opt.Precision Eng,2017,25(8):2023-2028.(in Chinese)
[2]刘伟达,康一丁,李小明,等.星载激光通信系统遮光罩的优化设计[J].光学精密工程,2017,25(2):342-350.LIU W D,KANG Y D,LI X M,et al..Optimized design of baffle in satellite laser communication system[J].Opt.Precision Eng,2017,25(2):342-350.(in Chinese)
[3]BRADY A,BERLICH R,LEONHARD N,et al..Experimental validation of phase-only pre-compensation over 494mfree-space propagation[J].Optics Letters,2017,42(14):2679-2682.
[4]TAN J,ZHAO Z,WANG Y,et al..12.5Gb/s multi-channel broadcasting transmission for freespace optical communication based on the optical frequency comb module[J].Optics Express,2018,26(2):2099-2106.
[5]贾建禄,赵金宇,王建立,等.机动式车载自适应光学波前处理器的设计[J].光学精密工程,2018,26(1):48-54.JIA J L,ZHAO J Y,WANG J L,et al..Design of mobile vehicle-based adaptive optical wave-front processor[J].Opt.Precision Eng,2018,26(1):48-54.(in Chinese)
[6]BAI SH,WANG J Y,QIANG J,et al..Predictive filtering-based fast reacquisition approach for spaceborne acquisition,tracking,and pointing systems[J].Optics Express,2014,22(22):26462-26475.
[7]李响.空间激光通信接收端的光纤高效耦合技术[D].长春:长春理工大学,2015.LI X.The Efficient Technology of Fiber Coupling Research in the Receiver of Space Laser Communication System[D].Changchun:Changchun University of Science and Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[8]WANG J M,ZHOU Y,BAI R M,et al..Point-ahead angle and coalignment error measurement method for free-space optical communication systems[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2017,35(18):3886-3893.
[9]ZHENG D H,LI Y,CHEN ER H,et al..Freespace to few-mode-fiber coupling under atmospheric turbulence[J].Optics Express,2016,24(16):18739-18744.
[10]LIU X,XU C,KNOX W H,et al..Soliton self-frequency shift in a tapered air-silica microstructure fiber[J].Optics Letter,2001,26(6):358-360.
[11]EGGLETON B J,KERBAGE C,WESTBROOKP S,et al..Microstructured optical fiber devices[J].Optics Express,2001,9(13):698-713.
[12]WADSWORTH W J,WITKOWSKA A,LEON-SAVAL S G,et al..Hole inflation and tapering of stock photonic crystal fibers[J].Optics Express,2005,13(17):6541-6549.
[13]YANG CH K,ZHANG H,LIU B,et al..Electrically tuned whispering gallery modes microresonator based on microstructured optical fibers infiltrated with dual-frequency liquid crystals[J].Nanophotonics,2018,7(7):1333-1340.
[14]杨先辉,张秋华,于永森,等.可调谐F-P腔进行锥形光栅反射带宽解调的应力测量方法[J].光学精密工程,2007,15(5):651-655.YANG X H,ZHANG Q H,YU Y SH,et al..Measurement of temperature-insensitive strain based on reflected bandwidth demodulation of tapered fiber grating[J].Opt.Precision Eng,2007,15(5):651-655.(in Chinese)
[15]沈涛,孙滨超,冯月.马赫-曾德尔干涉集成化的全光纤磁场与温度传感器[J].光学精密工程,2018,26(6):1338-1345.SHEN T,SUN B CH,FENG Y.Mach-Zehneder interference all-fiber sensor for measurement of magnetic field and temperature[J].Opt.Precision Eng,2018,26(6):1338-1345.(in Chinese)
[16]曾永西,庄其仁.锥形塑料光纤过渡器的制作及测试[J].光学精密工程,2009,17(7):1535-1541.ZENG Y X,ZHUANG Q R.Fabrication and performance analysis of tapered POF connector[J].Opt.Precision Eng,2009,17(7):1535-1541.(in Chinese)
[17]LOVE J D.Spot size,adiabaticity and diffraction in tapered fibres[J].Electronics Letters,1987,23(19):993-994.
[18]YUN G,KAVEHRAD M.Application of optical tapers to receivers in free space/atmospheric optical links[C].Military Communication Conference,1990(3):899-903.
[19]YANG Y,LEE J,REICHARD K,et al..Fabrication and implementation of a multi-to-single mode converter based on a tapered multimode fiber[J].Optics Communications,2005,249(1-3):129-137.
[20]HU Q,LI C.The spatial light receiver and its coupling characteristics[J].Optics Communications,2017,394:18-22.
[21]闫亚东,何俊华,许瑞华,等.复合式多点测量速度干涉仪光学系统设计[J].光学精密工程,2017,25(8):2023-2028.YAN Y D,HE J H,XU R H,et al..Optical system design of compound multi-point measurement velocity interferometer[J].Opt.Precision Eng,2017,25(8):2023-2028.(in Chinese)