城际列车底部结构优化减小气动阻力研究
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摘要
随着我国城镇化建设的进一步加快,将开通越来越多的城际铁路,城际列车减阻问题引起了国内外学者的广泛关注。本文采用基于k-ε两方程的数值计算方法,针对城际列车底部流场分布以及气动阻力分布特性开展研究,研究结果表明:底部设备在整车阻力中占比较重,在列车底部安装半包式裙板、优化车下设备布局均能有效降低列车气动阻力,整车气动阻力减阻率分别可达7.48%和5.69%。此结论可为低阻列车外形设计提供依据。
The urbanization progress of China leads to an increasing demand of intercity railways between major cities and their satellite cities.Under this background,the drag reduction on intercity railways has drawn the attention of many scholars throughout the world.This study analyses the flow field and aerodynamic drag distribution on the bottom equipment of intercity railway cars using numerical simulation governed by k-εequation.This research shows that the equipment on the bottom of the car takes a large percentage in the overall aerodynamic drag of the train.This bottom drag force can be reduced by using half-enclosed skirt on the side of the car or by reorganizing the equipment layout.This study achieves aerodynamic drag reduction of 7.48%and 5.69% through bottom skirt installation and bottom equipment layout reorganization respectively.The results given by this study can well guide the design process of lowaerodynamic-drag intercity railway cars.
The urbanization progress of China leads to an increasing demand of intercity railways between major cities and their satellite cities.Under this background,the drag reduction on intercity railways has drawn the attention of many scholars throughout the world.This study analyses the flow field and aerodynamic drag distribution on the bottom equipment of intercity railway cars using numerical simulation governed by k-εequation.This research shows that the equipment on the bottom of the car takes a large percentage in the overall aerodynamic drag of the train.This bottom drag force can be reduced by using half-enclosed skirt on the side of the car or by reorganizing the equipment layout.This study achieves aerodynamic drag reduction of 7.48%and 5.69% through bottom skirt installation and bottom equipment layout reorganization respectively.The results given by this study can well guide the design process of lowaerodynamic-drag intercity railway cars.
引文
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[11]杨志刚,高喆,陈羽,等.裙板安装对高速列车气动性能影响的数值分析[J].计算机辅助工程,2010,19(3):16-21.Yang Zhigang,Gao Zhe,Chen Yu,et al.Numerical analysis on influence on aerodynamic performance of high-speed train caused by installation of skirt plates[J].Computer Aided Engineering,2010,19(3):16-21.(in Chinese)
[12]郑循皓,张继业,张卫华.高速列车转向架空气阻力的数值模拟[J].交通运输工程学报,2011,11(2):45-51.Zhen Xunhao,Zhang Jiye,Zhang Weihua.Numerical simulation of aerodynamic drag for high-speed train bogie[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2011,11(2):45-51.(in Chinese)
[13]熊骏,朱东进,徐世南,等.裙板结构对地铁列车气动性能的影响[J].铁道车辆,2015,53(3):16-20.Xiong Jun,Zhu Dongjin,Xu Shinan,et al.Effect of the apron structure on aerodynamic performance of metro vehicles[J].Railway Vehicles,2015,53(3):16-20.(in Chinese)
[14]黄志祥,陈立,蒋科林.高速列车减小空气阻力措施的风洞试验研究[J].铁道学报,2012,34(4):16-21.Huang Zhixiang,Chen Li,Jiang Kelin.Wind tunnel test of airdrag reduction schemes of high-speed trains[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2012,34(4):16-21.(in Chinese)
[15]陈羽,高喆,王毅刚,等.底部导流板形式对高速列车气动阻力的影响[J].计算机辅助工程,2015,25(1):29-34.Chen Yu,Gao Zhe,Wang Yigang,et al.Effect of underbody guide plate forms on aerodynamic drag high-speed train[J].Computer Aided Engineering,2015,25(1):29-34.(in Chinese)
[2]张辰.高速铁路的发展概况及发展趋势[J].中国高新技术企业,2010,66(19):189-192.Zhang Chen.The development of high-speed train[J].China High-tech Enterprises,2010,66(19):189-192.(in Chinese)
[3]陈秉智,翟景娟.高速列车车头外形优化[J].大连交通大学学报,2012,33(4):16-20.Chen Bingzhi,Zhai Jingjuan.Shape optimization of high-speed train head[J].Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University,2012,33(4):16-20.(in Chinese)
[4]Yao S B,Guo D L,Sun Z X,et al.Optimization design for aerodynamic elements of high speed trains[J].Computers&Fluids,201,95,56-73.
[5]Schulte W B,Matschke G,Williame A,et al.High speed trains with bogie fairings:European research into reducing aerodynamic drag and noise[C]//Proceeding of the world Congress on Railway Research,Tokyo,Japan,1999.
[6]Hyeok B K,Young W P,Dong H L,et al.Wind tunnel experiments on Korean high-speed trains using various ground simulation techniques[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2001,13(89):1179-1195.
[7]Ido A,Saitou S,Nakade K,et al.Study on under-floor flow to reduce ballast flying phenomena[C]//Proceedings of 8th World Congress on Railway Research,Seoul,2008.
[8]田红旗,高广军.270km/h高速列车气动力性能研究[J].中国铁道科学,2003,24(2):14-18.Tian Hongqi,Gao Guangjun.The analysis and evaluation on the aerodynamic behavior of 270km/h high-speed train[J].China Railway Science,2003,24(2):14-18.(in Chinese)
[9]杨敏.钝头列车加装底罩结构的减阻效果分析[J].交通科技与经济,2014,16(5):65-67.Yang Min.Analysis of bottom cover add-assembly drag reduction effect with blunt train[J].Technology&Economy in Areas of Communications,2014,16(5):65-67.(in Chinese)
[10]孙健,余以正,姜旭东.裙板对列车空气阻力及侧风稳定性影响的风洞试验研究[J].企业技术开发,2016,35(28):39-41.Sun Jian,Yu Yizheng,Jiang Xudong.The wind tunnel test on the influence of skirt plates on air-drag and crosswind stability of high-speed trains[J].Technological Development of Enterprise,2016,35(28):39-41.(in Chinese)
[11]杨志刚,高喆,陈羽,等.裙板安装对高速列车气动性能影响的数值分析[J].计算机辅助工程,2010,19(3):16-21.Yang Zhigang,Gao Zhe,Chen Yu,et al.Numerical analysis on influence on aerodynamic performance of high-speed train caused by installation of skirt plates[J].Computer Aided Engineering,2010,19(3):16-21.(in Chinese)
[12]郑循皓,张继业,张卫华.高速列车转向架空气阻力的数值模拟[J].交通运输工程学报,2011,11(2):45-51.Zhen Xunhao,Zhang Jiye,Zhang Weihua.Numerical simulation of aerodynamic drag for high-speed train bogie[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2011,11(2):45-51.(in Chinese)
[13]熊骏,朱东进,徐世南,等.裙板结构对地铁列车气动性能的影响[J].铁道车辆,2015,53(3):16-20.Xiong Jun,Zhu Dongjin,Xu Shinan,et al.Effect of the apron structure on aerodynamic performance of metro vehicles[J].Railway Vehicles,2015,53(3):16-20.(in Chinese)
[14]黄志祥,陈立,蒋科林.高速列车减小空气阻力措施的风洞试验研究[J].铁道学报,2012,34(4):16-21.Huang Zhixiang,Chen Li,Jiang Kelin.Wind tunnel test of airdrag reduction schemes of high-speed trains[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2012,34(4):16-21.(in Chinese)
[15]陈羽,高喆,王毅刚,等.底部导流板形式对高速列车气动阻力的影响[J].计算机辅助工程,2015,25(1):29-34.Chen Yu,Gao Zhe,Wang Yigang,et al.Effect of underbody guide plate forms on aerodynamic drag high-speed train[J].Computer Aided Engineering,2015,25(1):29-34.(in Chinese)