考虑区域协调性的城际列车开行方案优化
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摘要
针对城际列车开行方案没有有效匹配城市轨道交通运能的问题,提出一种考虑区域协调性的城际列车开行方案优化方法。首先,以旅客出行费用最小和铁路运输效益最大为优化目标,考虑城际列车载客能力、出发地目的地(Original Destination,OD)客流需求和通过能力等约束;然后,在此基础上增加运能匹配度的限制,构建了考虑区域协调性的城际列车开行方案多目标非线性规划模型,并设计改进的模拟退火算法求解模型;最后,以广深城际铁路为例并进行两组对比分析。实验结果表明:考虑区域协调性的列车开行方案可以使旅客出行总广义费用降低约4.06%,铁路部门的效益提高约9. 58%,旅客和铁路的系统总成本降低约23. 27%;与遗传算法相比,改进的模拟退火算法在求解质量与收敛速度上均有较大提高。所提模型和算法可充分兼顾旅客和铁路双方利益,能够为城际列车开行方案优化问题提供有效解决方法。
Concerning the problem that intercity train operation plans fail to match urban rail transit capacity effectively,an optimization method of intercity train operation plan considering regional coordination was proposed.Firstly,the minimum passenger travel cost and maximal benefit of railway department were considered as the optimization objectives,the transport capacity of intercity train,traffic demand between origins and destinations and carrying capacity were considered as constraints of this model.Secondly,the matching degree limit of transportation capacity was considered,a multi-objective nonlinear programming model of intercity train operation plan considering regional coordination was constructed and an improved simulated annealing algorithm was designed to solve the model.Finally,the Guangzhou-Shenzhen intercity railway was taken as an example to make two pairs of comparative analyses.The experimental results show that the train operation plan considering the regional coordination makes the total travel cost of passengers reduced by 4.06%,the railway department revenue increased by 9.58%,the total cost of passengers and railway system decreased by 23.27%.Compared with genetic algorithm,the improved simulated annealing algorithm is better in solving quality and convergence speed.The proposed model and algorithm can give full consideration to the interests of both passengers and railway department,and provide an effective solution for the optimization of intercity train operation plan.
Concerning the problem that intercity train operation plans fail to match urban rail transit capacity effectively,an optimization method of intercity train operation plan considering regional coordination was proposed.Firstly,the minimum passenger travel cost and maximal benefit of railway department were considered as the optimization objectives,the transport capacity of intercity train,traffic demand between origins and destinations and carrying capacity were considered as constraints of this model.Secondly,the matching degree limit of transportation capacity was considered,a multi-objective nonlinear programming model of intercity train operation plan considering regional coordination was constructed and an improved simulated annealing algorithm was designed to solve the model.Finally,the Guangzhou-Shenzhen intercity railway was taken as an example to make two pairs of comparative analyses.The experimental results show that the train operation plan considering the regional coordination makes the total travel cost of passengers reduced by 4.06%,the railway department revenue increased by 9.58%,the total cost of passengers and railway system decreased by 23.27%.Compared with genetic algorithm,the improved simulated annealing algorithm is better in solving quality and convergence speed.The proposed model and algorithm can give full consideration to the interests of both passengers and railway department,and provide an effective solution for the optimization of intercity train operation plan.
引文
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[14]李得伟,韩宝明,李晓娟,等.基于节点服务的高速铁路列车停站方案优化模型[J].铁道学报,2013,35(6):1-5.(LI D W,HAN B M,LI X J,et al.High-speed railway stopping schedule optimization model based on node service[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(6):1-5.)
[15]陈鹏.城际轨道交通与城市交通换乘衔接研究[D].西安:长安大学,2015:20-53.(CHEN P.Research on transfer convergence between inter-city rail transit and urban transport[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2015:20-53.)
[2]杨宇正,周文梁.基于弹性需求的高速铁路列车开行方案优化[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2012,9(3):34-38.(YANG Y Z,ZHOU W L.Optimization of train plan on high-speed railway based on elastic demand[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2012,9(3):34-38.)
[3]苏焕银,史峰,邓连波,等.面向时变需求的高速铁路列车开行方案优化方法[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2016,16(5):110-116.(SU H Y,SHI F,DENG L B,et al.Time-dependent demand oriented line planning optimization for the high-speed railway[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2016,16(5):110-116.)
[4]彭宏勤,朱郁俊.基于客流动态分配的城际列车开行方案[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2013,13(1):111-117.(PENG HQ,ZHU Y J.Intercity train operation schemes based on passenger flow dynamic assignment[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2013,13(1):111-117.)
[5]邓连波,王峰,周钊,等.城际直达列车开行方案优化研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2013,10(6):97-102.(DENG L B,WANG F,ZHOU Z,et al.Optimization method of intercity trains through train plan[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2013,10(6):97-102.)
[6]KASPI M,RAVIV T.Service-oriented line planning and timetable for passenger trains[J].Transportation Science,2013,47(3):295-311.
[7]付慧伶,聂磊,杨浩,等.基于备选集的高速铁路列车开行方案优化方法研究[J].铁道学报,2010,32(6):1-8.(FU H L,NIE L,YANG H,et al.Research on the method for optimization of candiate-train-set based train operation plan for high-speed railway[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2010,32(6):1-8.)
[8]BORNDORFER R,GRTSCHEL M,PFETSCH M E.A columngeneration approach to line planning in public transport[J].Transportation Science,2007,41(1):123-132.
[9]汪波,杨浩,张志华.基于周期运行图的京津城际铁路列车开行方案研究[J].铁道学报,2007,29(2):8-13.(WANG B,YANG H,ZHANG Z H.The research on the train operation plan of the beijingtianjin inter-city railway based on periodic train diagrams[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2007,29(2):8-13.)
[10]HADAS Y,SHNAIDERMAN M.Public-transit frequency setting using minimum-cost approach with stochastic demand and travel time[J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological,2012,46(8):1068-1084.
[11]孟学雷,贾利民,卜萌,等.基于决策偏好可控的地铁列车开行方案设计研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2012,9(1):46-50.(MENG X L,JIA L M,BU M,et al.Train operation design based on decision preference controllable[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2012,9(1):46-50.)
[12]蒲松,陈钉均,王文宪.基于改进退火算法的高速列车开行方案研究[J].计算机仿真,2015,32(7):150-153.(PU S,CHEN D J,WANG W X.High-speed passenger train operation plan based on modified simulated annealing[J].Computer Simulation,2015,32(7):150-153.)
[13]徐鹏.城际客运专线列车开行方案研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010:28-51.(XU P.Research on the train operation scheme of the intercity dedicated passenger railway[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2010:28-51.)
[14]李得伟,韩宝明,李晓娟,等.基于节点服务的高速铁路列车停站方案优化模型[J].铁道学报,2013,35(6):1-5.(LI D W,HAN B M,LI X J,et al.High-speed railway stopping schedule optimization model based on node service[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(6):1-5.)
[15]陈鹏.城际轨道交通与城市交通换乘衔接研究[D].西安:长安大学,2015:20-53.(CHEN P.Research on transfer convergence between inter-city rail transit and urban transport[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2015:20-53.)