某高架城际铁路近场环境噪声的心理声学评价指标研究
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摘要
为了研究高架城际铁路环境噪声客观物理特征与人的主观感受的关系,对某城际列车高架桥段近场环境噪声进行现场测试和评价分析。通过噪声数据的频域分布,分析各测点环境噪声的主要成分,其中噪声峰值频率主要为40Hz和315Hz。分别采用A计权声压级和心理声学指标对各测点噪声进行分析和评价,采用线性回归方法分析主观烦恼度与A计权声压级和其他心理声学参数之间的相关度,发现低频噪声的A计权声压级与主观烦恼度无线性关系,而高频噪声的相关度较好,验证了A计权声压级评价低频噪声的不可靠性。结果表明:当环境噪声主要成分为低频噪声时,尖锐度是最优心理声学评价指标;当环境噪声主要成分为高频噪声时,总响度是最优心理声学评价指标。
In order to study the relationship between objective physical characters and subjective feeling subject to environmental noise in the intercity railway,the surrounding environment noise in the viaduct section of an intercity train line is studied based on evaluation analysis and field tests.Through frequency domain distribution of noise data,the main components of environmental noise at each measurement point are analyzed,and the peak frequencies of noise are mainly 40 Hz and 315 Hz.The correlation between subjective annoyance index and A-weighting sound-pressure level and other psychoacoustic parameters are analyzed by linear regression method.It is found that there is no linear relationship between the Aweighted sound pressure level of the low-frequency noise and the subjective annoyance,and the correlation of the high-frequency noise is better,and the unreliability of the low frequency noise is verified by the A-weighted sound pressure level.Research results show that when the main component of environmental noise is low-frequency noise,the sharpness is the optimal psychoacoustic evaluation index;when the main component of environmental noise is high-frequency noise,the total loudness is the optimal psychoacoustic evaluation index.
In order to study the relationship between objective physical characters and subjective feeling subject to environmental noise in the intercity railway,the surrounding environment noise in the viaduct section of an intercity train line is studied based on evaluation analysis and field tests.Through frequency domain distribution of noise data,the main components of environmental noise at each measurement point are analyzed,and the peak frequencies of noise are mainly 40 Hz and 315 Hz.The correlation between subjective annoyance index and A-weighting sound-pressure level and other psychoacoustic parameters are analyzed by linear regression method.It is found that there is no linear relationship between the Aweighted sound pressure level of the low-frequency noise and the subjective annoyance,and the correlation of the high-frequency noise is better,and the unreliability of the low frequency noise is verified by the A-weighted sound pressure level.Research results show that when the main component of environmental noise is low-frequency noise,the sharpness is the optimal psychoacoustic evaluation index;when the main component of environmental noise is high-frequency noise,the total loudness is the optimal psychoacoustic evaluation index.
引文
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[15]中华人民共和国铁道部.TB/T 3050-2002铁路沿线环境噪声测量技术规定[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2002.
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[18]Kjellberg A,Goldstein M,Gamberale F.An assessment of dB(A)for predicting loudness and annoyance of noise containing low frequency components[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,1984,227(227):1119-1120.
[19]Persson K,Bj9rkman M,Rylander R.An experimental evaluation of annoyance due to low frequency noise[J].Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration&Active Control,1985,4(4):145-153.
[20]张迅,李小珍,刘德军,等.高速铁路32 m简支箱梁声辐射特性研究[J].铁道学报,2012,34(7):96-102.
[21]舒歌群,王养军,卫海桥,等.汽车车内噪声声音品质的测试与评价[J].内燃机学报,2007,25(1):77-83.
[2]李洪强,吴小萍.城市轨道交通噪声及其控制研究[J].噪声与振动控制,2007,27(5):78-82.
[3]韩健,肖新标,金学松,等.城市轨道交通车轮振动声辐射特性[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(10):115-121.
[4]Thompson D J.Wheel-rail Noise Generation,Part I:Introduction And Interaction Model[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1993,161(3):387-400.
[5]Thompson D J,Jones C J C.A review of the modelling of wheel/rail noise generation[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,2000,231(3):519-536.
[6]张鹤.交通荷载作用下桥梁振动与噪声问题研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.
[7]邓俊.京津城际铁路环境噪声特性研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010.
[8]刘达德,齐峰.铁路环境噪声衰减规律预测研究[J].噪声与振动控制,1995(3):14-18.
[9]高飞,夏禾,安宁.北京地铁5号线高架结构的辐射噪声分析与实验研究[J].中国铁道科学,2010,31(5):134-139.
[10]伍先俊,李志明.稳态响度听觉原理及A计权声级评价的缺点[J].电声技术,2002(12):68-70.
[11]吴佳.声品质烦恼度参量特征研究[D].上海:同济大学,2007.
[12]张捷,肖新标,姚丹,等.基于心理声学参数的新型卧铺动车组包间噪声分析[J].机械工程学报,2018,54(4):222-230.
[13]高印寒,张澧桐,梁杰,等.基于客观心理声学参数的重型商用车车内异响噪声分析[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2016,46(1):43-49.
[14]李芳,左言言.车内噪声烦恼度的声品质分析[J].噪声与振动控制,2013(3):128-131.
[15]中华人民共和国铁道部.TB/T 3050-2002铁路沿线环境噪声测量技术规定[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2002.
[16]Stevens S S.Procedure for Calculating Loudness:Mark VI[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1961,33(11):1577-1585.
[17]沈松,应怀樵,刘进明.声品质的应用分析方法[C]∥全国振动与噪声应用学术会议论文集.上海:2009.
[18]Kjellberg A,Goldstein M,Gamberale F.An assessment of dB(A)for predicting loudness and annoyance of noise containing low frequency components[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,1984,227(227):1119-1120.
[19]Persson K,Bj9rkman M,Rylander R.An experimental evaluation of annoyance due to low frequency noise[J].Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration&Active Control,1985,4(4):145-153.
[20]张迅,李小珍,刘德军,等.高速铁路32 m简支箱梁声辐射特性研究[J].铁道学报,2012,34(7):96-102.
[21]舒歌群,王养军,卫海桥,等.汽车车内噪声声音品质的测试与评价[J].内燃机学报,2007,25(1):77-83.