BMW公司i3增程器的控制分析和模型验证
摘要
基于试验数据,针对2014款BMW i3增程器(REX)进行了控制分析和模型验证。在美国阿贡国家实验室的先进动力总成研究所,置于环境仓的底盘测功装置上进行了车辆测试。BMW iREX是串联插电式混合动力增程车辆,其包括1台0.65L直列2缸增程发动机、1台26.6kW发电机、1台125kW的永磁同步交流电动机以及18.8kW·h的锂离子电池。包含热因素的部件和车辆模型均基于试验数据开发。例如,发动机油耗率、电池电阻或座舱暖通风与空调(HVAC)系统的能量消耗均受温度影响。另外在常温条件下(22℃环境温度)分析了车辆级控制策略。着重分析了发动机起/停策略、电池荷电状态(SOC)平衡和发动机运行工况。接着分析了基于环境状态(-7～35℃环境温度)或车辆状态(冷浸或热态)的控制策略差异。最后,介绍了基于高精度、直观的车辆仿真工具Autonomie的开发模型验证。在大多数热状态下,发动机油耗和电池SOC结果均在多次试验差异范围内。
引文
[1]Kim N,Rousseau A,Rask E.Vehicle-level control analysis of 2010Toyota Prius based on test data[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D Journal of Automobile Engineering,2012,226(11):1483-1494.
[2]Kim N,Duoba M,Kim N,et al.Validating volt PHEV model with dynamometer test data using autonomie[J].SAE Int.J.Passeng.Cars-Mech.Syst.2013,6(2):985-992.
[3]Kim N,Jeong J,Rousseau A,et al.Control analysis and thermal model development for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles[J].SAE Int.J.Alt.Power.2015,4(2):260-268.
[4]Jeong J,Karbowski D,Rousseau A,et al.Model validation of the honda accord plug-in[C].SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-1151.
[5]Lohse B H,Duoba M,Rask E,et al.Ambient temperature(20°F,72°F and 95°F)impact on fuel and energy consumption for several conventional vehicles,hybrid and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and battery electric vehicle[C].SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-1462.
[6]Autonomie[OL].http://www.autonomie.net,Oct.2016.
[7]BMW i3range extender to offer up to 87more miles,decreases performance-inside EVs[OL].http://insideevs.com/bmw-i3-range-extender-to-offer-up-to-87-more-miles-decreases-performance,Oct.2016.
[8]2014 BMW i3 REX[OL].http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/Find.do?action=sbs&id=35279,Oct.2016.
[9]Kim N,Rousseau A,Lee D,et al.Thermal model development and validation for 2010Toyota Prius[C].SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1784.
[10]Jehlik F,Rask E.Development of variable temperature brake specific fuel consumption engine maps[C].SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-2181.
(1)为了符合原著本意,本文仍沿用原著中的非法定单位——编注。
[2]Kim N,Duoba M,Kim N,et al.Validating volt PHEV model with dynamometer test data using autonomie[J].SAE Int.J.Passeng.Cars-Mech.Syst.2013,6(2):985-992.
[3]Kim N,Jeong J,Rousseau A,et al.Control analysis and thermal model development for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles[J].SAE Int.J.Alt.Power.2015,4(2):260-268.
[4]Jeong J,Karbowski D,Rousseau A,et al.Model validation of the honda accord plug-in[C].SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-1151.
[5]Lohse B H,Duoba M,Rask E,et al.Ambient temperature(20°F,72°F and 95°F)impact on fuel and energy consumption for several conventional vehicles,hybrid and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and battery electric vehicle[C].SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-1462.
[6]Autonomie[OL].http://www.autonomie.net,Oct.2016.
[7]BMW i3range extender to offer up to 87more miles,decreases performance-inside EVs[OL].http://insideevs.com/bmw-i3-range-extender-to-offer-up-to-87-more-miles-decreases-performance,Oct.2016.
[8]2014 BMW i3 REX[OL].http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/Find.do?action=sbs&id=35279,Oct.2016.
[9]Kim N,Rousseau A,Lee D,et al.Thermal model development and validation for 2010Toyota Prius[C].SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1784.
[10]Jehlik F,Rask E.Development of variable temperature brake specific fuel consumption engine maps[C].SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-2181.
(1)为了符合原著本意,本文仍沿用原著中的非法定单位——编注。