膨胀腔消声器声学和阻力特性的研究及应用
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摘要
针对消声器参数设计和优化问题,利用Virtual.Lab和Fluent仿真计算消声器的声学传递损失、阻力损失。分析腔数变化的条件下,消声器容积、扩张比、腔长的变化对传递损失和阻力损失的影响。结果表明消声器腔数增加会对消声性能有明显改善,侧重考虑腔长和扩张比的消声器消声效果最好;腔数相同的消声器阻力损失相差不大。以某内燃机厂生产的单缸汽油机消声器为例,运用声学有限元软件和CFD软件计算其传递损失和阻力损失,分析原设计消声器的不足,加以改进,提高了其声学性能。并利用噪声分离法,验证了模型的正确性,为消声器设计和改进提供了一定依据。
In order to solve the design and optimization of muffler. Utilized Virtual. Lab and Fluent simulation to calculate the acoustic transmission loss and the resistance loss of the muffler. With the number change of cavity. The influence of muffler volume,expansion ratio and cavity length on transmission loss and resistance loss was analyzed. The result results show that more muffler cavity number will significantly improve the acoustic performance of muffler,focusing on cavity length and expansion ratio muffler is best. The same number of cavities of muffler resistance loss is the same. Taking the single-cylinder gasoline engine muffler produced by an internal combustion engine factory as an example,the deficiency of the original design muffler was analyzed by using acoustic finite element software and CFD software to calculate the transmission loss and the resistance loss,so as to improved its acoustic performance. And the noise separation method is used to verify the correctness of the model,Which provide a basis for the design and improvement of the muffler.
In order to solve the design and optimization of muffler. Utilized Virtual. Lab and Fluent simulation to calculate the acoustic transmission loss and the resistance loss of the muffler. With the number change of cavity. The influence of muffler volume,expansion ratio and cavity length on transmission loss and resistance loss was analyzed. The result results show that more muffler cavity number will significantly improve the acoustic performance of muffler,focusing on cavity length and expansion ratio muffler is best. The same number of cavities of muffler resistance loss is the same. Taking the single-cylinder gasoline engine muffler produced by an internal combustion engine factory as an example,the deficiency of the original design muffler was analyzed by using acoustic finite element software and CFD software to calculate the transmission loss and the resistance loss,so as to improved its acoustic performance. And the noise separation method is used to verify the correctness of the model,Which provide a basis for the design and improvement of the muffler.
引文
[1]刘晨.汽车排气消声系统数值仿真与设计研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2008.(Liu Chen.Numerical simulation and design investigation of automotive exhaust muffling systems[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2008.)
[2]毕嵘,刘正士.多入口多出口抗性消声器的声学性能研究[J].汽车工程,2014,36(2):244-253.(Bi Rong,Liu Zheng-shi.A study on the acoustic performances of mutiinlet/multi-outlet react muffler[J].Automotive Engineering,2014,36(2):244-253.)
[3]林光典.汽车排气消声性能研究及设计开发[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015.(Lin Guang-dian.Performance research and design of automobile exhaust muffler[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2015.)
[4]詹福良,徐俊伟.Virtual.Lab Acoustics声学仿真计算从入门到精通[M].西安,西北工业大学出版社,2013:20-55.(Zhan Fu-Liang,Xu Jun-wei.Virtual.Lab Acoustics Aimulation of Acoustics from Entry to Proficiency[M].Xi’an Northwestern Polytechnical University Press,2013:20-55.)
[5]王红,李菲.大功率柴油机抗性消声器性能建模分析[J].机械设计与制造,2016(11):249-253.(Wang Hong,Li Fei.Modeling and analysis on performance of resistance muffler of uprated engine[J].Mechanical Design&Manufacturing,2016(11):249-253.)
[6]王福军.计算流体力学分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:40-104.(Wang Fu-jun.Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis[M].Beijing Tsinghua University Press,2004:40-104.)
[7]JI Z L.Acoustic attenuation performance analysis of multi-chamber reactive silencers[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2005,283(1-2):459-466.
[8]Prased M G,Crocker M J.Evaluation of four-pole parameters for a straight pipe with mean clow and a linear temperature gradient[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2009,98(4):916-921.
[9]林光典,胡习之,秦杰.抗性消声器单元压力损失的仿真分析[J].机械设计制造,2014(5):162-165.(Lin Guang-dian,Hu Xi-zhi,Qin Jie.simulation on pressure loss of resistance muffler unit[J].Mechanical Design&Manufacturing,2014(5):162-165.)
[10]邓兆祥,向飞.扩张比对扩张式消声器压力损失影响的分析[J].汽车工程,2011,33(3):231-235.(Deng Zhao-xiang,Xiang Fei.Analysis on the expansion ratio on the pressure loss of expansion muffler[J].Automotive Engineering,2011,33(3):231-235.)
[11]郭军丽,吴亚锋,徐俊伟.基于管道声模态的消声器传递损失计算[J].噪声与振动控制,2013,33(5):179-183.(Guo jun-li,Wu Ya-feng,Xu Jun-wei.Calculation of transmission loss of mufflers based on the method of acoustic mode of pipeline[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2013,33(5):179-183.)
[2]毕嵘,刘正士.多入口多出口抗性消声器的声学性能研究[J].汽车工程,2014,36(2):244-253.(Bi Rong,Liu Zheng-shi.A study on the acoustic performances of mutiinlet/multi-outlet react muffler[J].Automotive Engineering,2014,36(2):244-253.)
[3]林光典.汽车排气消声性能研究及设计开发[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015.(Lin Guang-dian.Performance research and design of automobile exhaust muffler[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2015.)
[4]詹福良,徐俊伟.Virtual.Lab Acoustics声学仿真计算从入门到精通[M].西安,西北工业大学出版社,2013:20-55.(Zhan Fu-Liang,Xu Jun-wei.Virtual.Lab Acoustics Aimulation of Acoustics from Entry to Proficiency[M].Xi’an Northwestern Polytechnical University Press,2013:20-55.)
[5]王红,李菲.大功率柴油机抗性消声器性能建模分析[J].机械设计与制造,2016(11):249-253.(Wang Hong,Li Fei.Modeling and analysis on performance of resistance muffler of uprated engine[J].Mechanical Design&Manufacturing,2016(11):249-253.)
[6]王福军.计算流体力学分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:40-104.(Wang Fu-jun.Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis[M].Beijing Tsinghua University Press,2004:40-104.)
[7]JI Z L.Acoustic attenuation performance analysis of multi-chamber reactive silencers[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2005,283(1-2):459-466.
[8]Prased M G,Crocker M J.Evaluation of four-pole parameters for a straight pipe with mean clow and a linear temperature gradient[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2009,98(4):916-921.
[9]林光典,胡习之,秦杰.抗性消声器单元压力损失的仿真分析[J].机械设计制造,2014(5):162-165.(Lin Guang-dian,Hu Xi-zhi,Qin Jie.simulation on pressure loss of resistance muffler unit[J].Mechanical Design&Manufacturing,2014(5):162-165.)
[10]邓兆祥,向飞.扩张比对扩张式消声器压力损失影响的分析[J].汽车工程,2011,33(3):231-235.(Deng Zhao-xiang,Xiang Fei.Analysis on the expansion ratio on the pressure loss of expansion muffler[J].Automotive Engineering,2011,33(3):231-235.)
[11]郭军丽,吴亚锋,徐俊伟.基于管道声模态的消声器传递损失计算[J].噪声与振动控制,2013,33(5):179-183.(Guo jun-li,Wu Ya-feng,Xu Jun-wei.Calculation of transmission loss of mufflers based on the method of acoustic mode of pipeline[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2013,33(5):179-183.)