某新车型排气系统尾管声学性能优化
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摘要
针对某新车型排气噪声怠速超标问题,采用GT-Power软件对排气消声器结构进行了消声性能优化,并使用计算流体动力学软件Fluent验证了优化方案的内部流场分布较为理想。建立了用于计算排气尾管噪声的发动机与排气系统耦合仿真模型,并用发动机台架实验数据修正了模型精度,计算对比了原消声器方案和优化方案的三挡全油门加速尾管噪声。整车实验测试了原方案和优化方案的怠速及三挡全油门加速尾管噪声,实验结果表明优化方案较原方案有较大程度改进,满足了工程实际要求。
For exhaust noises exceeding the manufacture's standard limits,the inner structure of the exhaust mufflers of a new car model is optimized using the GT-Power software. Then the inner stream fields of the optimized mufflers are verified reasonable based on the Fluent software analysis results. Based on the brake torque and the brake power datum of the engine bench experiments,the coupling simulation model of the engine and the exhaust system is calibrated. The calculated tail pipe noises of the original and the optimized schemes are compared under the case of third gear wide open throttle(3 WOT)accelerating. To verify the optimized scheme,the tail pipe noises under cases of idle speed and 3 WOT accelerating are tested.The experimental results show that both the total and the order sound pressure levels are improved significantly compared with the original ones,which meets the technical requirements.
For exhaust noises exceeding the manufacture's standard limits,the inner structure of the exhaust mufflers of a new car model is optimized using the GT-Power software. Then the inner stream fields of the optimized mufflers are verified reasonable based on the Fluent software analysis results. Based on the brake torque and the brake power datum of the engine bench experiments,the coupling simulation model of the engine and the exhaust system is calibrated. The calculated tail pipe noises of the original and the optimized schemes are compared under the case of third gear wide open throttle(3 WOT)accelerating. To verify the optimized scheme,the tail pipe noises under cases of idle speed and 3 WOT accelerating are tested.The experimental results show that both the total and the order sound pressure levels are improved significantly compared with the original ones,which meets the technical requirements.
引文
[1]马大猷.噪声与振动控制工程手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.(Ma Da-you.Noise and Vibration Control Manual[M].Beijing:Mechani-cal Industry Press,2002:511-512.)
[2]黎志勤,黎苏.汽车排气系统噪声与消声器设计[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1991.(Li Zhi-qin,Li Su.The Noise of Automobile Exhaust System and Muff-ler Design[M].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1991.)
[3]季振林.消声器声学理论与设计[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:14-56.(Ji Zhen-lin.Acoustic Theory and Design of Muffler[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2015:14-56.)
[4]曹倩倩,李舜酩,胡伊贤.结构参数对共振式消声器共振频率影响的修正[J].机械设计与制造,2014(5):56-59.(Cao Qian-qian,Li Shun-ming,Hu Yi-xian.Correction on response fre-quency of resonant silencer having different structural parameters[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2014(5):56-59.)
[5]林辉江.内燃机排气消声器主要参数的选择(一)[J].内燃机,2001(4):12-14.(Lin Hui-jiang.Major parameters’selection of exhaust muffler(part one)[J]. Internal Combustion Engine,2001(4):12-14.)
[6]林辉江.内燃机排气消声器主要参数的选择(二)[J].内燃机,2001(5):3-5.(Lin Hui-jiang.Major parameters’selection of exhaust muffler(part two)[J].Internal Combustion Engine,2001(5):3-5.)
[7]谢田峰,金国栋,钟绍华.GT-Power在内燃机排气消声器设计中的应用[J].内燃机,2003(1):12-14.(Xie Tian-feng,Jin Guo-dong,Zhong Shao-hua.Appliance of GT-Powerin design of exhaust muffler[J].Internal Combustion Engine,2003(1):12-14.)
[8]侯献军,刘庆,刘志恩.基于GT-Power的汽车排气消声器性能分析及改进[J].汽车技术,2009(1):38-40.(Hou Xian-jun,Liu Qing,Liu Zhi-en.Analyze and optimization of exh-aust muffler based on GT-Power[J].Automobile Technology,2009(1):38-40.)
[9]赵楠楠.发动机排气系统优化设计及应用分析[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012.(Zhao Nan-nan.Optimization design and applicable analysis on exhaustmuffler[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2012.)
[10]刘宇.基于GT-Power的汽油机仿真及优化设计[D].长春:吉林大学,2006.(Liu Yu.Simulation and optimization design of gasoline combustion ba-sed on GT-Power[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2006.)
[2]黎志勤,黎苏.汽车排气系统噪声与消声器设计[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1991.(Li Zhi-qin,Li Su.The Noise of Automobile Exhaust System and Muff-ler Design[M].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1991.)
[3]季振林.消声器声学理论与设计[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:14-56.(Ji Zhen-lin.Acoustic Theory and Design of Muffler[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2015:14-56.)
[4]曹倩倩,李舜酩,胡伊贤.结构参数对共振式消声器共振频率影响的修正[J].机械设计与制造,2014(5):56-59.(Cao Qian-qian,Li Shun-ming,Hu Yi-xian.Correction on response fre-quency of resonant silencer having different structural parameters[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2014(5):56-59.)
[5]林辉江.内燃机排气消声器主要参数的选择(一)[J].内燃机,2001(4):12-14.(Lin Hui-jiang.Major parameters’selection of exhaust muffler(part one)[J]. Internal Combustion Engine,2001(4):12-14.)
[6]林辉江.内燃机排气消声器主要参数的选择(二)[J].内燃机,2001(5):3-5.(Lin Hui-jiang.Major parameters’selection of exhaust muffler(part two)[J].Internal Combustion Engine,2001(5):3-5.)
[7]谢田峰,金国栋,钟绍华.GT-Power在内燃机排气消声器设计中的应用[J].内燃机,2003(1):12-14.(Xie Tian-feng,Jin Guo-dong,Zhong Shao-hua.Appliance of GT-Powerin design of exhaust muffler[J].Internal Combustion Engine,2003(1):12-14.)
[8]侯献军,刘庆,刘志恩.基于GT-Power的汽车排气消声器性能分析及改进[J].汽车技术,2009(1):38-40.(Hou Xian-jun,Liu Qing,Liu Zhi-en.Analyze and optimization of exh-aust muffler based on GT-Power[J].Automobile Technology,2009(1):38-40.)
[9]赵楠楠.发动机排气系统优化设计及应用分析[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012.(Zhao Nan-nan.Optimization design and applicable analysis on exhaustmuffler[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2012.)
[10]刘宇.基于GT-Power的汽油机仿真及优化设计[D].长春:吉林大学,2006.(Liu Yu.Simulation and optimization design of gasoline combustion ba-sed on GT-Power[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2006.)