高钙垃圾焚烧飞灰熔融熔渣物相结构转变研究
|
摘要
以某飞灰为对象,研究了石英、玻粉等添加剂及其添加量、温度以及混料方式对飞灰熔渣物相结构转变的影响。结果表明,添加30%~35%石英、55%~75%玻粉能稳定获得玻璃体熔渣。当硅源不足时,熔渣晶相主要为钙铝石及钙铝黄长石。随着温度升高,熔渣晶相由单[SiO_4]结构的硅酸盐向多[SiO_4]结构硅酸盐转变,直至形成以[Si-O]为主要骨架的玻璃体网络结构,1 400℃即能实现熔融玻璃化。混料方式对熔渣玻璃体的形成无影响,均能获得完好玻璃体熔渣产物。重金属浸出毒性表明,玻璃态熔渣重金属浸出极低,远低于国标限值,熔融玻璃化能够实现飞灰安全处置。
High-calcium fly ash was used in this study, to investigate the effect of quartz, glass and their dosage, temperature,and mixing mode on the phase structure of molten slag from fly ash vitrification. It indicated that the dosages of 30% ~35% quartz,55%~75% glass can obtained fully glassy slag. Mayenite and Gehlenite would become the main phase of the molten slag when highcalcium fly ash lack of silicon.With the increase of temperature, the crystal phase transformed from single-[SiO_4] structure silicates to multi-[SiO_4] structure silicates, till all crystal phases disappeared and the amorphous [Si-O] formed. It was confirmed that 1 400 ℃could be an appropriate temperature to obtain glassy slag. And the mixing mode did not have effects on the formation of fully glassy slag.The extraction toxicity of heavy metals was far less than the identification standards for hazardous wastes, which meant the glassy slag was innoxious and the MSWI fly ash could be on safe disposal via the vitrification.
High-calcium fly ash was used in this study, to investigate the effect of quartz, glass and their dosage, temperature,and mixing mode on the phase structure of molten slag from fly ash vitrification. It indicated that the dosages of 30% ~35% quartz,55%~75% glass can obtained fully glassy slag. Mayenite and Gehlenite would become the main phase of the molten slag when highcalcium fly ash lack of silicon.With the increase of temperature, the crystal phase transformed from single-[SiO_4] structure silicates to multi-[SiO_4] structure silicates, till all crystal phases disappeared and the amorphous [Si-O] formed. It was confirmed that 1 400 ℃could be an appropriate temperature to obtain glassy slag. And the mixing mode did not have effects on the formation of fully glassy slag.The extraction toxicity of heavy metals was far less than the identification standards for hazardous wastes, which meant the glassy slag was innoxious and the MSWI fly ash could be on safe disposal via the vitrification.
引文
[1]国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[EB/OL].http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/.
[2]栾敬德,姚鹏飞,李润东.MSW焚烧飞灰熔融技术研究进展[J].环境工程,2014,32(4):92-94.
[3]Lindberg D,Molin C,Hupa M.Thermal treatment of solid residues from Wt E units:a review[J].Waste Management,2015,37(82-94).
[4]阎常峰,林伯川,陈恩鉴,等.垃圾焚烧灰渣的成分分析及其熔融特性[J].热能动力工程,2002,17(100):356-358,369.
[5]栾敬德,姚鹏飞,李润东,等.矿物演化行为对垃圾焚烧飞灰熔融特性的影响[J].环境科学研究,2015(3):447-452.
[6]Sabbas T,Polettini A,Pomi R,et al.Management of municipal solid waste incineration residues[J].Waste Management,2003,23(1):61-88.
[7]Bernardo E,Bonomo E,Dattoli A.Optimisation of sintered glass–ceramics from an industrial waste glass[J].Ceram Int,2010,36(5):1675-1680.
[8]高玲,唐黎华,苏笑霄,等.不同气氛下硫酸钙高温分解热力学分析[C]//上海市化学化工学会.上海市化学化工学会:2010年度学术年会论文集,2010.
[9]李润东.城市垃圾焚烧飞灰熔融过程的机理研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2002.
[10]杨福云.城市垃圾焚烧飞灰金属元素熔融分离研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2005.
[11]Zhao P,Ni G,Jiang Y,et al.Destruction of inorganic municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash in a DC arc plasma furnace[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,181(1):580-585.
[12]Nowak B,Pessl A,Aschenbrenner P,et al.Heavy metal removal from municipal solid waste fly ash by chlorination and thermal treatment[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,179(1-3):323.
[2]栾敬德,姚鹏飞,李润东.MSW焚烧飞灰熔融技术研究进展[J].环境工程,2014,32(4):92-94.
[3]Lindberg D,Molin C,Hupa M.Thermal treatment of solid residues from Wt E units:a review[J].Waste Management,2015,37(82-94).
[4]阎常峰,林伯川,陈恩鉴,等.垃圾焚烧灰渣的成分分析及其熔融特性[J].热能动力工程,2002,17(100):356-358,369.
[5]栾敬德,姚鹏飞,李润东,等.矿物演化行为对垃圾焚烧飞灰熔融特性的影响[J].环境科学研究,2015(3):447-452.
[6]Sabbas T,Polettini A,Pomi R,et al.Management of municipal solid waste incineration residues[J].Waste Management,2003,23(1):61-88.
[7]Bernardo E,Bonomo E,Dattoli A.Optimisation of sintered glass–ceramics from an industrial waste glass[J].Ceram Int,2010,36(5):1675-1680.
[8]高玲,唐黎华,苏笑霄,等.不同气氛下硫酸钙高温分解热力学分析[C]//上海市化学化工学会.上海市化学化工学会:2010年度学术年会论文集,2010.
[9]李润东.城市垃圾焚烧飞灰熔融过程的机理研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2002.
[10]杨福云.城市垃圾焚烧飞灰金属元素熔融分离研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2005.
[11]Zhao P,Ni G,Jiang Y,et al.Destruction of inorganic municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash in a DC arc plasma furnace[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,181(1):580-585.
[12]Nowak B,Pessl A,Aschenbrenner P,et al.Heavy metal removal from municipal solid waste fly ash by chlorination and thermal treatment[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,179(1-3):323.