六相开关磁阻电机N+2功率变换器断路故障状态下的中点电流特性分析
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摘要
针对多相开关磁阻电机(switchedreluctancemotor,SRM)功率变换器结构复杂、体积大、成本高,电机本体出线过多等问题,该文提出一种N+2式功率变换器拓扑,并将其应用于六相SRM。该拓扑采用2个开关管代替裂相式拓扑中的中点分压电容,可有效地减少功率变换器的成本和重量,同时具有一定的容错运行能力。另外,由于2个中点开关管的引入,各相并非完全独立运行,中点电流包含各相电流的信息。该文介绍在5种不同故障情况下中点电流的变化情况,对比不同故障对输出转矩的影响。最后利用一台12/10结构的六相SRM对提出的N+2功率变换器进行相关实验。观测正常工作状态和不同故障状态下相电流、中点电流等特征波形的变化。实验结果可以验证理论分析的结果。
The increase of phase number will lead to some disadvantages of multi-phase switched reluctance motor(SRM), including complex motor structure, bulky power converter, more out lines from motor. A novel N+2 converter topology was proposed, and it was applied to a six phase SRM. In this converter, two large capacitances in split-phase converter are replaced by two mid-point switches. In this way, the cost and weight of N+2 converter is reduced while the fault tolerance is preserved. However, due to the presence of two mid-point switches, each phase of SRM cannot work completely independent, the mid-point current contains information about all six phases. The differences of mid-point current in five different fault conditions were listed, and the effect on output torque of different faults was compared. Finally, a six-phase 12/10 SRM was used for experiments. And the phases current and mid-point current waveforms in intact and different fault working conditions were detected. The results of theoretical analysis were verified.
The increase of phase number will lead to some disadvantages of multi-phase switched reluctance motor(SRM), including complex motor structure, bulky power converter, more out lines from motor. A novel N+2 converter topology was proposed, and it was applied to a six phase SRM. In this converter, two large capacitances in split-phase converter are replaced by two mid-point switches. In this way, the cost and weight of N+2 converter is reduced while the fault tolerance is preserved. However, due to the presence of two mid-point switches, each phase of SRM cannot work completely independent, the mid-point current contains information about all six phases. The differences of mid-point current in five different fault conditions were listed, and the effect on output torque of different faults was compared. Finally, a six-phase 12/10 SRM was used for experiments. And the phases current and mid-point current waveforms in intact and different fault working conditions were detected. The results of theoretical analysis were verified.
引文
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[18]Lu Bin,Sharma S K.A literature review of IGBT fault diagnostic and protection methods for power inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2009,45(5):1770-1777.
[19]Karimi S,Gaillard A,Poure P,et al.FPGA-based real-time power converter failure diagnosis for wind energy conversion systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2008,55(12):4299-4308.
[20]朱学忠,王云林,张磊,等.四相无中点电容裂相式开关磁阻电机驱动系统研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(33):5918-5924.Zhu Xuezhong,Wang Yunlin,Zhang Lei,et al.Afour-phase switched reluctance drive system in the split-phase converter without capacitors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(33):5918-5924(in Chinese).
[2]刘迪吉,张焕春,傅丰礼,等.开关磁阻调速电动机[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1994.Liu Diji,Zhang Huanchun,Fu Fengli.Switched reluctance motor and drive system[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,1994(in Chinese).
[3]Fahimi B,Emadi A,Sepe R B Jr.A Switched reluctance machine-based starter/alternator for more electric cars[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2004,19(1):116-124.
[4]Sadeghi S,Sadeghi R,Sadeghi M.Dynamic performance of a switched reluctance motor for propulsion systems[C]//Proceedings of 2006 International Symposium on Power Electronics,Electrical Drives,Automation and Motion.Taormina,Italy:IEEE,2006.
[5]赵争鸣,闵勇.电机控制集成系统的高故障容限研究[J].中国电机工程学报,1999,19(3):21-25.Zhao Zhengming,Min Yong.High fault tolerance for ACmotors integrated with control system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1999,19(3):21-25(in Chinese)
[6]Gopalakrishnan S,Omekanda A M,Lequesne B.Classification and remediation of electrical faults in the switched reluctance drive[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2006,42(2):479-486.
[7]Mueller M.Electronic control of switched reluctance machines[J].Power Engineering Journal,2002,16(4):222.
[8]卢胜利.开关磁阻电机系统的故障诊断方法研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2010.Lu Shengli.Study on the fault diagnosis methods of switched reluctance motor system[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2010(in Chinese).
[9]卢胜利,陈昊,曾辉,等.开关磁阻电机中功率变换器故障在线诊断方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(3):63-70.Lu Shengli,Chen Hao,Zeng Hui,et al.On-line fault diagnosis method of power converter for switched reluctance motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(3):63-70(in Chinese).
[10]Chen Hao,Lu Shengli.Fault diagnosis digital method for power transistors in power converters of switched reluctance motors[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2013,60(2):749-763.
[11]赵刚,周波.基于小波包分析的双凸极无刷直流发电机系统故障诊断[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(8):121-126.Zhao Gang,Zhou Bo.Fault diagnosis of doubly salient brushless DC generator system based on wavelet packet analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(8):121-126(in Chinese).
[12]赵成勇,何明锋.基于复小波变换相位信息的谐波检测算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(1):38-42.Zhao Chengyong,He Mingfeng.A novel method for harmonics measurement using phase information of complex wavelet transform[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(1):38-42(in Chinese).
[13]甘醇,吴建华,杨仕友,等.基于小波包能量分析的开关磁阻电机功率变换器故障诊断[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(9):1415-1422.Gan Chun,Wu Jianhua,Yang Shiyou.Fault diagnosis of power converters for switched reluctance motors based on wavelet packet energy analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(9):1415-1422(in Chinese)
[14]Gan Chun,Wu Jianhua,Yang Shiyou,et al.Wavelet packet decomposition-based fault diagnosis scheme for SRM drives with a single current sensor[J].IEEETransactions on Energy Conversion,2016,31(1):303-313.
[15]Vukosavic S,Stefanovic V R.SRM inverter topologies:a comparative evaluation[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1991,27(6):1034-1047.
[16]Deng Xu,Mecrow B,Martin R,et al.Effects of winding connection on performance of a six-phase switched reluctance machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2018,33(1):166-178.
[17]Han Shouyi,Liu Chuang,Zhang Lei,et al.Mutual coupling and its effect on current and torque of six phases switched reluctance motor[C]//International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies.Monte Carlo,Monaco:IEEE,2016.
[18]Lu Bin,Sharma S K.A literature review of IGBT fault diagnostic and protection methods for power inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2009,45(5):1770-1777.
[19]Karimi S,Gaillard A,Poure P,et al.FPGA-based real-time power converter failure diagnosis for wind energy conversion systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2008,55(12):4299-4308.
[20]朱学忠,王云林,张磊,等.四相无中点电容裂相式开关磁阻电机驱动系统研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(33):5918-5924.Zhu Xuezhong,Wang Yunlin,Zhang Lei,et al.Afour-phase switched reluctance drive system in the split-phase converter without capacitors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(33):5918-5924(in Chinese).