住院精神分裂症患者孤独感现状及其与应对方式的相关性
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摘要
目的了解精神分裂症患者的孤独感现状并探讨其与应对方式的相关性。方法 2018年3—8月,采用自编的一般情况调查表、UCLA孤独量表和简易应对方式问卷对100例住院的精神分裂症患者进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果患者的孤独感得分为45.29±9.22,具有轻度以上孤独的患者有71例;经单因素及多重回归分析发现,性别、年龄、婚姻状况、住院次数及病程是影响患者孤独感的个人因素;患者的积极应对得分低于国内常模(t=2.34,P<0.05),消极应对得分高于国内常模(t=2.13,P<0.05);患者的孤独感水平与积极应对方式呈负相关(r=-0.485,P<0.01),与消极应对方式呈正相关(r=0.219,P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者多数具有轻度以上的孤独感;性别、年龄、婚姻状况、住院次数及病程是影响患者孤独感的个人因素;应对方式越积极,孤独感程度越低。
[Objective]To understand the status of loneliness in schizophrenic patients and explore its correlation with coping style. [Methods]The self-compiled general situation questionnaire,UCLA loneliness scale and simple coping style questionnaire were used to investigate 100 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and analyze the data from March to August 2018. [Results]The loneliness score of the patients was 45.29±9.22,and 71 patients had mild loneliness. Single factor and multiple factors regression analysis showed that gender,age,marital status,hospitalization frequency and course of illness were the individual factors that affected the loneliness of patients. Positive coping scores of patients were lower than domestic norm(t=2.34,P<0.05),and negative coping scores were higher than domestic nor m(t=2.13,P<0.05).Loneliness was negatively correlated with positive coping style(r=-0.485,P<0.01)and positively correlated with negative coping style( r = 0. 219, P < 0.05).[Conclusion]Most patients with schizophrenia have mild loneliness. Gender,age,marital status,hospitalization frequency and course of illness are the personal factors that affected the loneliness of patients. The more positive the coping style,the lower the loneliness.
[Objective]To understand the status of loneliness in schizophrenic patients and explore its correlation with coping style. [Methods]The self-compiled general situation questionnaire,UCLA loneliness scale and simple coping style questionnaire were used to investigate 100 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and analyze the data from March to August 2018. [Results]The loneliness score of the patients was 45.29±9.22,and 71 patients had mild loneliness. Single factor and multiple factors regression analysis showed that gender,age,marital status,hospitalization frequency and course of illness were the individual factors that affected the loneliness of patients. Positive coping scores of patients were lower than domestic norm(t=2.34,P<0.05),and negative coping scores were higher than domestic nor m(t=2.13,P<0.05).Loneliness was negatively correlated with positive coping style(r=-0.485,P<0.01)and positively correlated with negative coping style( r = 0. 219, P < 0.05).[Conclusion]Most patients with schizophrenia have mild loneliness. Gender,age,marital status,hospitalization frequency and course of illness are the personal factors that affected the loneliness of patients. The more positive the coping style,the lower the loneliness.
引文
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[11]BADOCK JC,SHAH S,MACKINNON A,et al.Loneliness in psychotic disorders and it’s association with cognitive function and symptom profile[J].Schizophre Res,2015,169(13):268-273.
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[13]严芳,孙素珍,李栓荣.精神分裂症缓解期患者的孤独感及社会支持状况的研究[C].河南省护理健康教育新进展学术交流暨高级研修班论文集,2011:2048-2050.
[14]COOMBS RH.Marital Status and Personal Well-Being:A Literature Review[J].Fam Relat,1991,40(1):97-102.
[15]吕惠明.精神分裂症患者产生孤独感的相关危险因素分析[J].中国初级卫生保健,2009,23(9):66-68.
[16]SCHWARTZ C,GRONEMANN OC.The contribution of self-efficacy,social support and participation in the community to predicting loneliness among persons with schizophrenia living in supported residences[J].Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci,2009,46(46):120-129.
[17]黄洁华,人本主义对孤独感的相关研究[J].健康心理学杂志,2000,8(1):29-30.
[18]耿跃雨,蒲晓庆.不同文化程度的精神分裂症患者行为障碍临床观察[J].临床精神医学杂志,1996,6(3):64
[19]FOLKMAN S,LAZARUS RS,DUNKELSCHETTER C,et al.Dynamics of a stressful encounter:Cognitive appraisal,coping,and encounter outcomes[J].J Pers Soc Psychol,1986,50(5):992.
[2]CACIOPPO JT,HAWKLEY LC.Perceived social isolation and cognition[J].Trends Cogn Sci,2009,13(10):447-454.
[3]HAWKLEY LC,BURLESON MH,BERNTSON G,et al.Loneliness in everyday life:cardiovascular activity,psychosocial context,and health behaviors[J].J Pers Soc Psychol,2003,85(1):105-120.
[4]张倬秋,赖华,周茜,等.康复期精神分裂症患者病耻感与自我效能和应对方式的相关分析[J].精神医学杂志,2012,25(2):87-88.
[5]HORAN WP,VENTURA J,NUECHTERLEIN KH,et al.Stressful life events in recent-onset schizophrenia:reduced frequencies and altered subjective appraisals[J].Schizophr Res,2015,75(2):363-374.
[6]卫生部卫生统计信息中心.国际疾病分类(ICD-10)应用指导手册[M].北京:协和医科大学出版社,2001:110-113
[7]汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生评定量表手册(增订版)[M].北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999.31-35.
[8]GIACCO D,PALUMBO C,STRAPPELLI N,et al.Social contacts and loneliness in people with psychotic and mood disorders[J].Compr Psychiat,2016,66(6):59-66.
[9]PERESE E,MARILEE W.Combating loneliness among persons with severe mental illness:Social network interventions’characteristics,eff ectiveness,and applicability[J].Issues Ment Health Nurs,2005,26(6):591-609.
[10]赵占宏,陈红梅,苏秀茹,等.住院男性慢性精神分裂症患者孤独感调查[J].精神医学杂志,2010,23(3):208-209.
[11]BADOCK JC,SHAH S,MACKINNON A,et al.Loneliness in psychotic disorders and it’s association with cognitive function and symptom profile[J].Schizophre Res,2015,169(13):268-273.
[12]SPARKS A,MCDONALD S,LINO B,et al.Social cognition,empathy and functional outcome in schizophrenia[J].Schizophre Res,2010,122(1-3):172-178.
[13]严芳,孙素珍,李栓荣.精神分裂症缓解期患者的孤独感及社会支持状况的研究[C].河南省护理健康教育新进展学术交流暨高级研修班论文集,2011:2048-2050.
[14]COOMBS RH.Marital Status and Personal Well-Being:A Literature Review[J].Fam Relat,1991,40(1):97-102.
[15]吕惠明.精神分裂症患者产生孤独感的相关危险因素分析[J].中国初级卫生保健,2009,23(9):66-68.
[16]SCHWARTZ C,GRONEMANN OC.The contribution of self-efficacy,social support and participation in the community to predicting loneliness among persons with schizophrenia living in supported residences[J].Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci,2009,46(46):120-129.
[17]黄洁华,人本主义对孤独感的相关研究[J].健康心理学杂志,2000,8(1):29-30.
[18]耿跃雨,蒲晓庆.不同文化程度的精神分裂症患者行为障碍临床观察[J].临床精神医学杂志,1996,6(3):64
[19]FOLKMAN S,LAZARUS RS,DUNKELSCHETTER C,et al.Dynamics of a stressful encounter:Cognitive appraisal,coping,and encounter outcomes[J].J Pers Soc Psychol,1986,50(5):992.