东江湖铅锌矿渣堆场优势植物重金属富集特征
|
摘要
采集并测定东江湖典型铅锌渣堆场优势植物及其根系土壤重金属含量,研究了植物对重金属富集和转运的能力。结果表明:1)臭牡丹、盐肤木、马尾松、芒萁、木姜子、枫树、桂花树、木荷和红叶石楠等9种优势植物体内重金属Pb、Cd和As含量均高于一般植物中重金属元素的正常含量(Pb 0.1～41.7 mg/kg,As <1 mg/kg,Cd 0.2～0.8 mg/kg);2)9种植物对Pb和As的富集系数BCF值均小于1;3)除盐肤木外,其它植物对Cd的BCF值均大于1;4)马尾松、臭牡丹、芒萁和盐肤木对Pb的转运系数TF值大于1;5)除木荷外,其它植物对Cd的TF值大于1;6)枫树、马尾松、木姜子和盐肤木对As的TF值大于1。综合分析可知,臭牡丹/马尾松、芒萁和木姜子分别对Pb、Cd和As的富集和转运能力最强,具有作为铅锌矿渣堆场重金属污染土壤修复植物的潜力。
The contents of heavy metals of dominant plants and their root soils in typical lead-zinc slag yard along Dongjiang Lake Reservoir were collected and analyzed, and the plant's ability to enrich and transport heavy metals was investigated. The results are as follows.(1) The heavy metals(Pb, Cd and As) concentrations in 9 dominant plants, including Clerodendrum bungei Steud., Rhus chinensis Mill., Pinus massoniana Lamb., Dicranopteris dichotoma(Thunb.) Berhn., Litsea cubeba(Lour.) Pers., Acer saccharum Marsh., Osmanthus fragrans Lour., Schima superba Gardn. et Champ. and Photinia serrulata, were higher than those in general plants(normal content Pb 0.1 ～ 41.7 mg/kg, As < 1 mg/kg, Cd 0.2 ～ 0.8 mg/kg). 2) All the 9 dominant plants exhibited low enrichment ability for Pb and As, and the bioaccumulation factor values(VBCF) of Pb and As enrichment coef?cients of the plants were all less than1. 3) Except for R. chinensis, the other 8 plants exhibited high enrichment ability for Cd(VBCF > 1). 4) Compared with other plants, P.massoniana, C. bungei, R. chinensis and D. dichotoma had higher transshipment ability for Pb, and the transfer factors(TF) were more than 1. 5) Except S. superba, the TF value of Cd in other plants was more than 1. 6) TF values of As in A. saccharum, P. massoniana,L. cubeba and R. chinensis were greater than 1. 7) Comprehensive analysis shows that the enrichment and transport capacity of Pb, Cd and As in C. bungei/P. massoniana, D. dichotoma and Zingiber officinalis were the strongest, and they had the potential to be used as remediation plants for heavy metal contaminated soil in lead-zinc slag yard.
The contents of heavy metals of dominant plants and their root soils in typical lead-zinc slag yard along Dongjiang Lake Reservoir were collected and analyzed, and the plant's ability to enrich and transport heavy metals was investigated. The results are as follows.(1) The heavy metals(Pb, Cd and As) concentrations in 9 dominant plants, including Clerodendrum bungei Steud., Rhus chinensis Mill., Pinus massoniana Lamb., Dicranopteris dichotoma(Thunb.) Berhn., Litsea cubeba(Lour.) Pers., Acer saccharum Marsh., Osmanthus fragrans Lour., Schima superba Gardn. et Champ. and Photinia serrulata, were higher than those in general plants(normal content Pb 0.1 ～ 41.7 mg/kg, As < 1 mg/kg, Cd 0.2 ～ 0.8 mg/kg). 2) All the 9 dominant plants exhibited low enrichment ability for Pb and As, and the bioaccumulation factor values(VBCF) of Pb and As enrichment coef?cients of the plants were all less than1. 3) Except for R. chinensis, the other 8 plants exhibited high enrichment ability for Cd(VBCF > 1). 4) Compared with other plants, P.massoniana, C. bungei, R. chinensis and D. dichotoma had higher transshipment ability for Pb, and the transfer factors(TF) were more than 1. 5) Except S. superba, the TF value of Cd in other plants was more than 1. 6) TF values of As in A. saccharum, P. massoniana,L. cubeba and R. chinensis were greater than 1. 7) Comprehensive analysis shows that the enrichment and transport capacity of Pb, Cd and As in C. bungei/P. massoniana, D. dichotoma and Zingiber officinalis were the strongest, and they had the potential to be used as remediation plants for heavy metal contaminated soil in lead-zinc slag yard.
引文
[1]张进.东江湖铅锌矿渣堆场土壤重金属污染评价及治理方法研究[D].湘潭:湘潭大学,2015.
[2]张进,戴友芝,成应向,等.东江湖铅锌矿渣堆场土壤重金属污染调查[J].环境化学,2015(4):801-802.
[3]郑太辉,王凌云,陈晓安.矿区重金属植被修复研究进展和趋势[J].环境工程,2015,33(6):148-152.
[4]付雄略,陈永华,刘文胜,等.湖南省衡阳市某铅锌尾矿区植物多样性及其重金属富集性研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(7):130-135.
[5]韩存亮,黄泽宏,肖荣波,等.粤北某矿区周边镉锌污染稻田土壤田间植物修复研究[J].生态环境学报,2018(1):158-165.
[6]张云霞,宋波,杨子杰,等.广西某铅锌矿影响区农田土壤重金属污染特征及修复策略[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(2):239-249.
[7]杨胜香,田启建,梁士楚,等.湘西花垣矿区主要植物种类及优势植物重金属蓄积特征[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):2038-2045.
[8]李思亮,杨斌,陈燕,等.浙江省铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染及重金属超富集植物筛选[J].环境污染与防治,2016,38(5):48-54.
[9]何东,邱波,彭尽晖,等.湖南下水湾铅锌尾矿库优势植物重金属含量及富集特征[J].环境科学,2013,34(9):3595-3600.
[10]郁珊珊,王浩,王亚军.南京市不同园林植物根际土壤养分和重金属富集特征[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(3):120-127.
[11]吴志强,顾尚义,李海英,等.贵州黔西北铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染及生物有效性研究[J].安全与环境工程,2009,16(3):1-6.
[12]库文珍,赵运林,雷存喜,等.锑矿区土壤重金属污染及优势植物对重金属的富集特征[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(10):3774-3780.
[13]王敬国.植物营养的土壤化学[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1995.
[14]李顺,李科林,朱健,等.株洲霞湾港典型植物重金属分布状况研究[J].中国农学通报,2013(11):151-157.
[15]张丽,彭重华,王莹雪,等.14种植物对土壤重金属的分布、富集及转运特性[J].草业科学,2014,31(5):833-838.
[16]陈三雄,陈家栋,谢莉,等.广东大宝山矿区植物对重金属的富集特征[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(6):216-220.
[17]杨胜香,田启建,梁士楚,等.湘西花垣矿区主要植物种类及优势植物重金属蓄积特征[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):2038-2045.
[18]徐芹磊,陈炎辉,谢团辉,等.铅锌矿区农田土壤重金属污染现状与评价[J].环境科学与技术,2018(2):176-182.
[19]吴迪.钢铁企业重金属污染区园林植物富集特征--以武钢炼钢厂和焦化厂为例[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2013.
[20]王洋,叶攀骅,刘可慧,等.锰污染土壤对超富集植物木荷生长及生理的影响[J].生态毒理学报,2015,10(4):244-250.
[21]唐文杰.广西三锰矿区土壤污染与优势植物重金属富集研究[D].广西:广西师范大学,2008.
[22]张富运,陈永华,吴晓芙,等.铅锌超富集植物及耐性植物筛选研究进展[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2012,32(12):92-96.
[23]陈福春,易心钰,张路红.资兴市铅锌尾矿库区植物资源调查及耐性植物筛选[J].湖南林业科技,2016,43(2):64-70.
[2]张进,戴友芝,成应向,等.东江湖铅锌矿渣堆场土壤重金属污染调查[J].环境化学,2015(4):801-802.
[3]郑太辉,王凌云,陈晓安.矿区重金属植被修复研究进展和趋势[J].环境工程,2015,33(6):148-152.
[4]付雄略,陈永华,刘文胜,等.湖南省衡阳市某铅锌尾矿区植物多样性及其重金属富集性研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(7):130-135.
[5]韩存亮,黄泽宏,肖荣波,等.粤北某矿区周边镉锌污染稻田土壤田间植物修复研究[J].生态环境学报,2018(1):158-165.
[6]张云霞,宋波,杨子杰,等.广西某铅锌矿影响区农田土壤重金属污染特征及修复策略[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(2):239-249.
[7]杨胜香,田启建,梁士楚,等.湘西花垣矿区主要植物种类及优势植物重金属蓄积特征[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):2038-2045.
[8]李思亮,杨斌,陈燕,等.浙江省铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染及重金属超富集植物筛选[J].环境污染与防治,2016,38(5):48-54.
[9]何东,邱波,彭尽晖,等.湖南下水湾铅锌尾矿库优势植物重金属含量及富集特征[J].环境科学,2013,34(9):3595-3600.
[10]郁珊珊,王浩,王亚军.南京市不同园林植物根际土壤养分和重金属富集特征[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(3):120-127.
[11]吴志强,顾尚义,李海英,等.贵州黔西北铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染及生物有效性研究[J].安全与环境工程,2009,16(3):1-6.
[12]库文珍,赵运林,雷存喜,等.锑矿区土壤重金属污染及优势植物对重金属的富集特征[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(10):3774-3780.
[13]王敬国.植物营养的土壤化学[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1995.
[14]李顺,李科林,朱健,等.株洲霞湾港典型植物重金属分布状况研究[J].中国农学通报,2013(11):151-157.
[15]张丽,彭重华,王莹雪,等.14种植物对土壤重金属的分布、富集及转运特性[J].草业科学,2014,31(5):833-838.
[16]陈三雄,陈家栋,谢莉,等.广东大宝山矿区植物对重金属的富集特征[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(6):216-220.
[17]杨胜香,田启建,梁士楚,等.湘西花垣矿区主要植物种类及优势植物重金属蓄积特征[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):2038-2045.
[18]徐芹磊,陈炎辉,谢团辉,等.铅锌矿区农田土壤重金属污染现状与评价[J].环境科学与技术,2018(2):176-182.
[19]吴迪.钢铁企业重金属污染区园林植物富集特征--以武钢炼钢厂和焦化厂为例[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2013.
[20]王洋,叶攀骅,刘可慧,等.锰污染土壤对超富集植物木荷生长及生理的影响[J].生态毒理学报,2015,10(4):244-250.
[21]唐文杰.广西三锰矿区土壤污染与优势植物重金属富集研究[D].广西:广西师范大学,2008.
[22]张富运,陈永华,吴晓芙,等.铅锌超富集植物及耐性植物筛选研究进展[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2012,32(12):92-96.
[23]陈福春,易心钰,张路红.资兴市铅锌尾矿库区植物资源调查及耐性植物筛选[J].湖南林业科技,2016,43(2):64-70.