双馈风场进线对220 kV母线采样值差动保护的影响
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摘要
由于采样值差动保护具有计算速度快、易考虑CT饱和等优点而被普遍应用于当前的母线保护装置中。然而暂态特性不同于传统火电机组的双馈风电机组大量接入电力系统,这会给现有的继电保护带来严重的挑战。以双馈风电场远距离接入220 kV电压等级变电站母线为例,在RTDS仿真平台上研究双馈风场进线对母线采样值差动保护的影响。结果表明,在母线区内故障时风场侧支路提供的短路电流存在弱馈、高谐波及频率偏移等特点。与此同时,计及CT饱和、双馈机组本身的无功优化控制策略等因素影响,使得该短路电流的复杂性更加突显,进而造成传统母线釆样值差动保护动作有延迟。为此,提出了一种自适应变数据窗的釆样值差动保护判据,并通过RTDS仿真平台验证了该方法行之有效。
Because the sampled value differential protection has the advantages of fast calculation speed and easy consideration of CT saturation, it is widely used in current busbar protection devices. However, when doubly fed induction generators, which have different transient characteristics from traditional thermal power units, are widely connected into power systems, it will bring serious challenges to the existing relay protection. Taking the doubly-fed wind farm connected to the busar of 220 kV substation as an example, the influence of doubly fed wind field incoming line on busbar sampled value differential protection is studied on the RTDS simulation platform. It is found that the short-circuit current provided by the wind side branch has the characteristics of weak feed, high harmonic and frequency offset when the fault occurs in the busbar area. At the same time, taking into account the CT saturation, doubly-fed unit itself reactive power optimization control strategy and other factors, it makes the complexity of the short-circuit current more prominent and results in the traditional busbar sampled value differential protection action being delayed. For this reason, a criterion for sampled value differential protection of adaptive variable data window is proposed, and the method is validated by RTDS simulation platform.
Because the sampled value differential protection has the advantages of fast calculation speed and easy consideration of CT saturation, it is widely used in current busbar protection devices. However, when doubly fed induction generators, which have different transient characteristics from traditional thermal power units, are widely connected into power systems, it will bring serious challenges to the existing relay protection. Taking the doubly-fed wind farm connected to the busar of 220 kV substation as an example, the influence of doubly fed wind field incoming line on busbar sampled value differential protection is studied on the RTDS simulation platform. It is found that the short-circuit current provided by the wind side branch has the characteristics of weak feed, high harmonic and frequency offset when the fault occurs in the busbar area. At the same time, taking into account the CT saturation, doubly-fed unit itself reactive power optimization control strategy and other factors, it makes the complexity of the short-circuit current more prominent and results in the traditional busbar sampled value differential protection action being delayed. For this reason, a criterion for sampled value differential protection of adaptive variable data window is proposed, and the method is validated by RTDS simulation platform.
引文
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[11]张保会,李光辉,王进,等.风电接入电力系统故障电流的影响因素分析及对继电保护的影响[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(2):1-8.ZHANG Baohui,LI Guanghui,WANG Jin,et al.Affecting factors of grid-connected wind power on fault current and impact on protection relay[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(2):1-8.
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[13]钟显,樊艳芳,王一波.双馈集群汇集站主变及送出线路继电保护研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(5):47-54.ZHONG Xian,FAN Yanfang,WANG Yibo.Research of transformer and outgoing line protection of collection station where cluster of double-fed wind farms put in[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(5):47-54.
[14]PANNELL G,ATKINSON D J,ZAHAWI B.Analytical study of grid-fault response of wind turbine doubly fed induction generator[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2010,25(4):1081-1091.
[15]熊小伏,齐晓光,欧阳金鑫.电压不对称跌落下双馈感应发电机转子低频谐波电流特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(36):6467-6475.XIONG Xiaofu,QI Xiaoguang,OUYANG Jinxin.Analysis on characteristics of low-frequency rotor currents of double fed induction generators under asymmetric voltage drops[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(36):6467-6475.
[16]贾俊川,刘晋,张一工.双馈风力发电系统的新型无功优化控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(30):87-92.JIA Junchuan,LIU Jin,ZHANG Yigong.Novel reactive power optimization control strategy for doubly fed induction wind power generation system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(30):87-92.
[17]姜惠兰,范中林,陈娟.动态调整转子撬棒阻值的双馈风电机组低电压穿越方法[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(1):125-131.JIANG Huilan,FAN Zhonglin,CHEN Juan.Low voltage ride-through method of DFIG based wind turbines by dynamically adjusting crowbar resistance of rotor[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(1):125-131.
[18]王增平,李菁,郑涛,等.不同撬棒保护投入时刻下双馈风电机组短路电流计算分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):109-117.WANG Zengping,LI Jing,ZHENG Tao,et al.Calculation and analysis of three-phase short-circuit current of doubly fed wind turbine considering different crowbar protection insertion time[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(5):109-117.
[19]蔡文超,杨炳元,李超,等.Crowbar优化控制策略下的双馈风机无功调节能力研究[J].水电能源科学,2018,36(7):140-144.CAI Wenchao,YANG Bingyuan,LI Chao,et al.Study on reactive power regulation of double-fed induction generator under Crowbar optimization control strategy[J].Water Resources and Power,2018,36(7):140-144.
[20]李菁,郑涛,赵裕童,等.双馈风电短路电流特性对距离保护的影响分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(6):37-47.LI Jing,ZHENG Tao,ZHAO Yutong,et al.Impact of doubly-fed wind system short-circuit current characteristics on the transmission line distance protection[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(6):37-47.
[2]黄继东,倪传坤,郭文利,等.母线差动保护区外转区内故障再动作判据[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(18):120-124.HUANG Jidong,NI Chuankun,GUO Wenli,et al.Re-tripping discrimination of busbar differential protection when external fault transforms to internal fault[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(18):120-124.
[3]杨经超,尹项根,陈德树,等.采样值差动保护动作特性的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(9):71-77.YANG Jingchao,YIN Xianggen,CHEN Deshu,et al.Study on the operating characteristic of sampled value differential protection[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2003,23(9):71-77.
[4]杨恒坤,邓祥力,王传启,等.采样值差动保护安全性及灵敏度的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(16):107-113.YANG Hengkun,DENG Xiangli,WANG Chuanqi,et al.Research on security and sensitivity of sampled-value differential protection[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(16):107-113.
[5]罗慧,周卿松,苗洪雷,等.基于LMD母线差动保护CT饱和检测方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(12):49-54.LUO Hui,ZHOU Qingsong,MIAO Honglei,et al.Amethod for CT saturation detection based on LMD in busbar differential protection[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(12):49-54.
[6]吴崇昊,陆于平,刘小宝.基于电流互感器线性传变区检测的母线采样值差动保护[J].电网技术,2008,32(14):70-74.WU Chonghao,LU Yuping,LIU Xiaobao.Busbar sampled value differential protection based on linear transfer section checking of TA[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(14):70-74.
[7]董新涛,康小宁,步梦琼,等.基于动态虚拟磁通分析的CT饱和识别方案研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(7):126-130.DONG Xintao,KANG Xiaoning,BU Mengqiong,et al.Research on the method to identify CT saturation based on dynamic virtual magnetic flux[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(7):126-130.
[8]ZHANG Baohui,HAO Zhiguo,BO Zhiqian.New development in relay protection forsmart grid[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2016,1(1):121-127.DOI:10.1186/s41601-016-0025-x.
[9]宋国兵,陶然,李斌,等.含大规模电力电子装备的电力系统故障分析与保护综述[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(12):2-12.SONG Guobing,TAO Ran,LI Bin,et al.Survey of fault analysis and protection for power system with large scale power electronic equipments[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(12):2-12.
[10]毕天姝,刘素梅,薛安成,等.具有低电压穿越能力的双馈风电机组故障暂态特性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(2):26-31.BI Tianshu,LIU Sumei,XUE Ancheng,et al.Fault analysis of doubly fed induction generator wind turbines with low-voltage ride through capability[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(2):26-31.
[11]张保会,李光辉,王进,等.风电接入电力系统故障电流的影响因素分析及对继电保护的影响[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(2):1-8.ZHANG Baohui,LI Guanghui,WANG Jin,et al.Affecting factors of grid-connected wind power on fault current and impact on protection relay[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(2):1-8.
[12]张保会,王进,郝治国,等.风电接入对继电保护的影响_三_风电场送出变压器保护性能分析[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(3):1-8.ZHANG Baohui,WANG Jin,HAO Zhiguo,et al.Impact of wind farm integration on relay protection(3):performance analysis for wind farm outgoing transformer protection[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(3):1-8.
[13]钟显,樊艳芳,王一波.双馈集群汇集站主变及送出线路继电保护研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(5):47-54.ZHONG Xian,FAN Yanfang,WANG Yibo.Research of transformer and outgoing line protection of collection station where cluster of double-fed wind farms put in[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(5):47-54.
[14]PANNELL G,ATKINSON D J,ZAHAWI B.Analytical study of grid-fault response of wind turbine doubly fed induction generator[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2010,25(4):1081-1091.
[15]熊小伏,齐晓光,欧阳金鑫.电压不对称跌落下双馈感应发电机转子低频谐波电流特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(36):6467-6475.XIONG Xiaofu,QI Xiaoguang,OUYANG Jinxin.Analysis on characteristics of low-frequency rotor currents of double fed induction generators under asymmetric voltage drops[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(36):6467-6475.
[16]贾俊川,刘晋,张一工.双馈风力发电系统的新型无功优化控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(30):87-92.JIA Junchuan,LIU Jin,ZHANG Yigong.Novel reactive power optimization control strategy for doubly fed induction wind power generation system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(30):87-92.
[17]姜惠兰,范中林,陈娟.动态调整转子撬棒阻值的双馈风电机组低电压穿越方法[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(1):125-131.JIANG Huilan,FAN Zhonglin,CHEN Juan.Low voltage ride-through method of DFIG based wind turbines by dynamically adjusting crowbar resistance of rotor[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(1):125-131.
[18]王增平,李菁,郑涛,等.不同撬棒保护投入时刻下双馈风电机组短路电流计算分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):109-117.WANG Zengping,LI Jing,ZHENG Tao,et al.Calculation and analysis of three-phase short-circuit current of doubly fed wind turbine considering different crowbar protection insertion time[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(5):109-117.
[19]蔡文超,杨炳元,李超,等.Crowbar优化控制策略下的双馈风机无功调节能力研究[J].水电能源科学,2018,36(7):140-144.CAI Wenchao,YANG Bingyuan,LI Chao,et al.Study on reactive power regulation of double-fed induction generator under Crowbar optimization control strategy[J].Water Resources and Power,2018,36(7):140-144.
[20]李菁,郑涛,赵裕童,等.双馈风电短路电流特性对距离保护的影响分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(6):37-47.LI Jing,ZHENG Tao,ZHAO Yutong,et al.Impact of doubly-fed wind system short-circuit current characteristics on the transmission line distance protection[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(6):37-47.