闽北4个阔叶树种生长对比分析
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摘要
以闽北17年生的闽粤栲、米槠、酸枣和枫香等阔叶人工纯林为研究对象,对比分析同一立地条件下不同阔叶树的林分生长和结构差异。结果表明,不同阔叶树种间的生长存在显著差异,其中,闽粤栲的林木保存率、平均胸径、平均单株材积和平均林分蓄积量显著高于酸枣、枫香和米槠,酸枣的平均树高则显著低于其余树种;米槠和酸枣的小径阶的树木株数占大多数,而枫香和闽粤栲的中、大径阶株数比例更多;米槠、酸枣和枫香株数径阶分布相对集中,而闽粤栲的径阶分布离散程度大,林分结构接近正态分布。说明同一立地条件下,闽粤栲和枫香林分整体生长状况相对较好,但林分结构和稳定性仍有待提高,后期有必要进行人为干预促进其过渡到合理的林分结构;而米槠和南酸枣林分整体长势较差,中小径阶的林木占比最高,个体分化严重且林分稳定性较差,具体原因有待进一步分析。
The 17 a broad-leaved artificial pure forests from China′s northern Fujian Province included Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils.,Choerospondias axillaris(Roxb.)Burtt et Hill,Castanopsis carlesii(Hemsl.)Hay.and Liquidambar formosana Hance were used as the research objects,The differences in forest growth and structure of different broad-leaved trees under the same site conditions were compared and analyzed.The results showed that there were significant differences growth among different broad-leaved species.Among them,the preservation rate,the mean DBH,average wood volume and stand volume of Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils.are significantly higher than the other three species.The average tree height of Choerospondias axillaris(Roxb.)Burtt et Hill is significantly lower than the other tree species.At the same time,the number of small-diameter trees of Castanopsis carlesii(Hemsl.)Hay and Choerospondias axillaris(Roxb.)Burtt et Hill accounted for the majority,while the proportion of medium-and large-diameter trees of Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils.and Liquidambar formosana Hance was more.However,the diameters distribution of Choerospondias axillaris(Roxb.)Burtt et Hill,Castanopsis carlesii(Hemsl.)Hay and Liquidambar formosana Hance are relatively concentrated,but the diameter distribution of Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils.is close to normal distribution.The above results indicated that under the same site conditions,the overall growth status of Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils.and Liquidambar formosana Hance was relatively good,but the structure and stability of forest stands still needs to be improved.It is necessary to conduct human intervention later to promote its transition to a reasonable forest structure.However,the overall growth of Choerospondias axillaris(Roxb.)Burtt et Hill.,Castanopsis carlesii(Hemsl.)Hay.is poor,and the proportion of plant trees in the medium and small diameter ranks is higher,the individual differentiation is serious and the stand stability is poor.The specific reasons need further analysis.
The 17 a broad-leaved artificial pure forests from China′s northern Fujian Province included Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils.,Choerospondias axillaris(Roxb.)Burtt et Hill,Castanopsis carlesii(Hemsl.)Hay.and Liquidambar formosana Hance were used as the research objects,The differences in forest growth and structure of different broad-leaved trees under the same site conditions were compared and analyzed.The results showed that there were significant differences growth among different broad-leaved species.Among them,the preservation rate,the mean DBH,average wood volume and stand volume of Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils.are significantly higher than the other three species.The average tree height of Choerospondias axillaris(Roxb.)Burtt et Hill is significantly lower than the other tree species.At the same time,the number of small-diameter trees of Castanopsis carlesii(Hemsl.)Hay and Choerospondias axillaris(Roxb.)Burtt et Hill accounted for the majority,while the proportion of medium-and large-diameter trees of Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils.and Liquidambar formosana Hance was more.However,the diameters distribution of Choerospondias axillaris(Roxb.)Burtt et Hill,Castanopsis carlesii(Hemsl.)Hay and Liquidambar formosana Hance are relatively concentrated,but the diameter distribution of Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils.is close to normal distribution.The above results indicated that under the same site conditions,the overall growth status of Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils.and Liquidambar formosana Hance was relatively good,but the structure and stability of forest stands still needs to be improved.It is necessary to conduct human intervention later to promote its transition to a reasonable forest structure.However,the overall growth of Choerospondias axillaris(Roxb.)Burtt et Hill.,Castanopsis carlesii(Hemsl.)Hay.is poor,and the proportion of plant trees in the medium and small diameter ranks is higher,the individual differentiation is serious and the stand stability is poor.The specific reasons need further analysis.
引文
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[18]陈玉兰.福建柏与南酸枣混交林生长效应研究[J].现代农业科技,2015(16):158-160.
[2]李生.福建优良乡土阔叶树种选择评价与栽培模式研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2002.
[3]范辉华.闽北乡土阔叶树幼年生长与立地互作效应[J].福建林业科技,2004,31(4):30-32.
[4]张发游.枫香人工造林初期效果分析[J].福建林业科技,2011,38(1):11-13.
[5]姚甲宝,曾平生,袁小平,等.间伐强度对木荷-萌芽杉木中龄混交林生长和林分结构的影响[J].林业科学研究,2017,30(3):511-517.
[6]欧建德,吴志庄.林下套种及坡位和弱光环境对南方红豆杉人工林早期生长及林分分化的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(10):12-16.
[7]潘标志.闽粤栲马尾松混交林造林施肥试验简报[J].浙江林业科技,2002,22(3):92-93.
[8]楚秀丽,王艺,金国庆,等.不同生境、初植密度及林龄木荷人工林生长、材性变异及林分分化[J].林业科学,2014,50(6):152-159.
[9]段爱国,张建国,童书振,等.杉木人工林林分直径结构动态变化及其密度效应的研究[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(2):178-184.
[10]惠淑荣,刘强,兰健.日本落叶松直径结构规律的研究[J].沈阳农业大学学报,1993(4):365-369.
[11]惠淑荣,吕永震.Weibull分布函数在林分直径结构预测模型中的应用研究[J].北华大学学报:自然科学版,2003,4(2):101-104.
[12]张建国,段爱国,童书振.林分直径结构模拟与预测研究概述[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(6):787-795.
[13]霍达,刘兰,陈文,等.黔中地区枫香用材林不同造林密度效果初探[J].贵州林业科技,2014,42(4):5-7.
[14]张季,田华林,朱雁,等.南酸枣用材林培育立地条件选择研究[J].湖南农业科学,2010(12):138-140.
[15]陈忠欣,梅仕能,田华林,等.不同立地条件下南酸枣人工造林试验[J].贵州林业科技,2004,32(1):49-50.
[16]温谋德.杉木与南酸枣混交造林的生长量比较[J].南方林业科学,2016,44(1):31-34.
[17]杨鹏.杉木与南酸枣混交造林效果分析[J].福建林业科技,2011,38(2):42-45.
[18]陈玉兰.福建柏与南酸枣混交林生长效应研究[J].现代农业科技,2015(16):158-160.