基于卷盘式喷灌机的低压双喷枪喷洒水力特征研究
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摘要
针对卷盘式喷灌机配备中高压大流量喷枪导致的能源消耗问题,基于HY50叶轮式喷枪在低压条件下的移动水量分布特性,将两个HY50叶轮式喷枪水量分布曲线以12 m喷枪间距进行组合叠加,使其在较低工作压力下喷洒,但不降低喷洒宽度,以达到降低能耗、提高生产效率的目的。研究发现,随着工作压力的增加,双喷枪喷洒幅宽、喷灌水深均随之增加,同时,双喷枪移动水量分布形式逐渐趋向"三角形",有利于多喷枪组合喷洒;并对12 m低压双喷枪在0.15、0.25 MPa工作压力下的水力性能进行了田间试验,12 m双喷枪的田间试验结果与计算值最大偏差不大于11.62%。双喷枪基本达到了降压不降喷洒域的目的,对于低压喷灌设备的研究具有一定参考意义。
In view of the energy consumption caused by the medium-high pressure and large-flow sprinkler gun of the Hose reel irrigator,this paper combines the water distribution curves of two HY50 guns with a 12 m gun spaces based on the moving water distribution characteristics of the HY50 gun under low pressure conditions. The combination enables double travelling rain guns to be sprayed at low working pressure without reducing the spray width,so as to reduce energy consumption and improve production efficiency. It was found that the spray width and sprinkler depth of the double travelling rain guns increased with the increase of working pressure. At the same time,the distribution pattern of the moving water distribution of the double travelling rain guns gradually changed to"triangle",which was beneficial to the combined spray of multiple rain guns; The hydraulic performance of the double travelling rain guns under the working pressure of 0.15 and 0.25 MPa was tested in the field. The maximum deviation between the field test result and the calculated value of the 12 m double travelling rain guns was less than 11.62%.To a certain extent,the double travelling rain guns could achieve the purpose of reducing pressure and not reducing the spray area,and it also had certain reference significance for the research of sprinkler irrigation equipment under low pressure.
In view of the energy consumption caused by the medium-high pressure and large-flow sprinkler gun of the Hose reel irrigator,this paper combines the water distribution curves of two HY50 guns with a 12 m gun spaces based on the moving water distribution characteristics of the HY50 gun under low pressure conditions. The combination enables double travelling rain guns to be sprayed at low working pressure without reducing the spray width,so as to reduce energy consumption and improve production efficiency. It was found that the spray width and sprinkler depth of the double travelling rain guns increased with the increase of working pressure. At the same time,the distribution pattern of the moving water distribution of the double travelling rain guns gradually changed to"triangle",which was beneficial to the combined spray of multiple rain guns; The hydraulic performance of the double travelling rain guns under the working pressure of 0.15 and 0.25 MPa was tested in the field. The maximum deviation between the field test result and the calculated value of the 12 m double travelling rain guns was less than 11.62%.To a certain extent,the double travelling rain guns could achieve the purpose of reducing pressure and not reducing the spray area,and it also had certain reference significance for the research of sprinkler irrigation equipment under low pressure.
引文
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[18]顾哲,汤跃,汤玲迪,等.卷盘式喷灌机水涡轮性能测试系统研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2015(1):4-7.
[19]Christiansen J E.Irrigation by sprinkling.California agricultural experiment station bulletin 670[J].University of California,Berkeley,CA,1942,4275.
[2]Silva L L,Santos N,Serralheiro R.Hose-drawn traveller with a line of sprinklers,an alternative to the gun-sprinkler traveller system[C]∥Improved Irrigation Technologies&Methods:Research,Development&Testing Icid International Workshop,Montpellier,France,September,2003.
[3]Silva L L,Serralheiro R,Santos N.Improving Irrigation Performance in Hose-drawn Traveller Sprinkler Systems[J].Biosystems Engineering,2007,96(1):121-127.
[4]Keller J,Bliesner R D.Sprinkle and trickle irrigation[M].1990.
[5]Jangra P,Jhorar R K,Kumar S,et al.Performance Evaluation of a Traveller Irrigation System[J].Irrigation&Drainage,2017,66(2):173-181.
[6]Burt C M,Clemmens A J,Bliesner R,et al.Selection of irrigation methods for agriculture[M].American Society of Civil Engineers,1999.
[7]Hashim S,Mahmood S,Afzal M,et al.Performance Evaluation of Hose-Reel Sprinkler Irrigation System[J].Arabian Journal for Science&Engineering,2016,41(10):1-8.
[8]Ge M,Wu P,Zhu D,et al.Analysis of kinetic energy distribution of big gun sprinkler applied to continuous moving hose-drawn traveler[J].Agricultural Water Management,2018,201:118-132.
[9]汤玲迪,袁寿其,汤跃.卷盘式喷灌机研究进展与发展趋势分析[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(10):1-15.
[10]Oakes P L,Rochester E W.Energy utilization of hose towed traveler irrigators[J].Transactions of the ASAE,1980,23(5):1 131-1 134.
[11]严海军.用户使用卷盘式喷灌机的困惑与选择[EB/OL].http:∥news.wugu.com.cn/article/793388.html.2018-01-14.
[12]程俊,汤跃,汤玲迪.JP75型卷盘喷灌机用水涡轮能耗贡献率分析[J].排灌机械工程学报,2016,34(11):1 008-1 012.
[13]葛茂生.太阳能驱动卷盘式喷灌机灌水质量与优化设计研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2018.
[14]张会娟.绞盘卷管式喷灌机逆向联动双喷头移动小车的研究与实现[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007.
[15]粘克威.一种联动双喷头的卷盘式喷灌机[P].中国专利:CN205658140U,2016-10-26.
[16]仵峰,范永申,宰松梅,等.低压可调幅式喷灌机研制[J].节水灌溉,2004(3):16-17.
[17]涂琴,李红,王新坤,等.不同指标轻小型喷灌机组配置优化[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(22):83-89.
[18]顾哲,汤跃,汤玲迪,等.卷盘式喷灌机水涡轮性能测试系统研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2015(1):4-7.
[19]Christiansen J E.Irrigation by sprinkling.California agricultural experiment station bulletin 670[J].University of California,Berkeley,CA,1942,4275.