不依赖时间同步的多分支配网故障精确定位方案研究
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摘要
为在不借助时间同步的前提下实现多分支配网故障精确定位的目标,提出一种故障定段与行波测距相结合的方法。针对由线路参数频变特性引起的行波色散效应,设计了一种有效的低通滤波器,提取出零模、线模行波中以工频为主的、速度稳定的低频分量,进而实现了基于单端量行波测距的故障精确定位。针对由离散采样机制引起的截断误差问题,提出了一种改进修正算法,在各种系统采样率下均可充分提高故障测距精度。通过PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台,计及线路参数的频变特性,搭建典型10 kV多分支配网模型,验证了所提方法的可行性与有效性。
To figure out the fault location precisely independent of time synchronization in the distribution network with multiple branches, a novel method combining fault section locator and traveling-wave based fault locator is presented in this paper. In view of the wave dispersion effect caused by the frequency variation of the line parameters, the low frequency component of ground mode and aerial mode traveling wave is extracted by low-pass filter, then the fault distance is calculated based on the stable velocity difference between the low frequency components. In addition, aiming at eliminating the truncation error caused by the discrete sampling mechanism, through the improved correction algorithm proposed, the fault location accuracy can be improved fully under various system sampling rates. Finally, a typical 10 k V distribution network model is built in the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation platform, verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
To figure out the fault location precisely independent of time synchronization in the distribution network with multiple branches, a novel method combining fault section locator and traveling-wave based fault locator is presented in this paper. In view of the wave dispersion effect caused by the frequency variation of the line parameters, the low frequency component of ground mode and aerial mode traveling wave is extracted by low-pass filter, then the fault distance is calculated based on the stable velocity difference between the low frequency components. In addition, aiming at eliminating the truncation error caused by the discrete sampling mechanism, through the improved correction algorithm proposed, the fault location accuracy can be improved fully under various system sampling rates. Finally, a typical 10 k V distribution network model is built in the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation platform, verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
引文
[1]陈玥云,覃剑,王欣,等.配电网故障测距综述[J].电网技术,2006,30(18):89-93.CHEN Yueyun,QIN Jian,WANG Xin,et al.A survey on fault location for distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2006,30(18):89-93.
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[8]杨荦源,舒勤.基于线模行波突变的配电网全架空线路单相接地的多端检测定位新方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(9):22-28.YANG Luoyuan,SHU Qin.A new multiterminal detecting location method of single-phase grounding to the overhead-line for distribution network based on travelling-wave mutation of line-mode[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(9):22-28.
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[13]唐金锐,尹项根,张哲,等.零模检测波速度的迭代提取及其在配电网单相接地故障定位中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(4):202-211.TANG Jinrui,YIN Xianggen,ZHANG Zhe,et al.Iterative extraction of detected zero-mode wave velocity and its application in single phase-to-ground fault location in distribution networks[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(4):202-211.
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[15]LIN X,ZHAO F,WU G,et al.Universal wavefront positioning correction method on traveling-wave-based fault-location algorithms[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2012,27(3):1601-1610.
[16]童宁,余梦琪,林湘宁,等.基于相电流高频特征识别的配电网故障指示器原理[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(12):465-471.TONG Ning,YU Mengqi,LIN Xiangning,et al.Study for fault indicator based on the faulty phase current feature recognition for the distribution network[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(12):465-471.
[17]DOMMEL H W.Overhead line parameters from handbook formulas and computer programs[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus&Systems,1985,PAS-104(2):366-372.
[18]张志文,梁英,李勇,等.新型SVC中无功功率检测及滤波器的优化设计[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2009,21(6):51-55.ZHANG Zhiwen,LIANG Ying,LI Yong,et al.Detection of reactive power and design of filter for new type SVC[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2009,21(6):51-55.
[19]李振兴,吴李群,田斌,等.不同步双端数据修正波速的单端行波测距算法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(8):16-22.LI Zhenxing,WU Liqun,TIAN Bin,et al.Single-terminal traveling wave location algorithm based on amending wave velocity[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(8):16-22.
[20]汤兰西,董新洲.半波长交流输电线路行波差动电流特性的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(8):2261-2269.TANG Lanxi,DONG Xinzhou.Study on the characteristic of travelling wave differential current on half-wave-length AC transmission lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(8):2261-2269.
[2]刘健,张志华,张小庆,等.配电网故障处理若干问题探讨[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(20):1-6.LIU Jian,ZHANG Zhihua,ZHANG Xiaoqing,et al.Investigation on fault processing for electric power distribution networks[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(20):1-6.
[3]梁睿,靳征,王崇林,等.行波时频复合分析的配电网故障定位研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(28):130-136.LIANG Rui,JIN Zheng,WANG Chonglin,et al.Research of fault location in distribution networks based on integration of travelling wave time and frequency analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(28):130-136.
[4]刘顺桂,李勋,张宏钊,等.一种采用时间判别法的混合线路故障行波定位方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):41-46.LIU Shungui,LI Xun,ZHANG Hongzhao,et al.A traveling wave fault location method of hybrid line using time discrimination[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):41-46.
[5]唐金锐,尹项根,张哲,等.配电网故障自动定位技术研究综述[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(5):7-13.TANG Jinrui,YIN Xianggen,ZHANG Zhe,et al.Survey of fault location technology for distribution networks[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(5):7-13.
[6]郑州,吕艳萍,王杰,等.基于小波变换的双端行波测距新方法[J].电网技术,2010,34(1):203-207.ZHENG Zhou,LüYanping,WANG Jie,et al.A new two-terminal traveling wave fault location method based on wavelet transform[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(1):203-207.
[7]高艳丰,朱永利,闫红艳,等.一种新型的输电线路双端行波故障定位方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(8):8-13.GAO Yanfeng,ZHU Yongli,YAN Hongyan,et al.A new fault location method of transmission lines based on double-terminal traveling wave[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(8):8-13.
[8]杨荦源,舒勤.基于线模行波突变的配电网全架空线路单相接地的多端检测定位新方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(9):22-28.YANG Luoyuan,SHU Qin.A new multiterminal detecting location method of single-phase grounding to the overhead-line for distribution network based on travelling-wave mutation of line-mode[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(9):22-28.
[9]ROBSON S,HADDAD A,GRIFFITHS H.Fault location on branched networks using a multi-ended approach[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(4):1955-1963.
[10]高效海,苏晓龙.一种新的单端行波测距方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(12):87-91.GAO Xiaohai,SU Xiaolong.A new method for singleended traveling wave fault location[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(12):87-91.
[11]SPOOR D,ZHU J G.Improved single-ended travelingwave fault-location algorithm based on experience with conventional substation transducers[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2006,21(3):1714-1720.
[12]张帆,潘贞存,马琳琳,等.基于模量行波传输时间差的线路接地故障测距与保护[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(10):78-83.ZHANG Fan,PAN Zhencun,MA Linlin,et al.Transmission line fault location and protection based on the gap between zero mode and aerial mode traveling wave propagation time[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(10):78-83.
[13]唐金锐,尹项根,张哲,等.零模检测波速度的迭代提取及其在配电网单相接地故障定位中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(4):202-211.TANG Jinrui,YIN Xianggen,ZHANG Zhe,et al.Iterative extraction of detected zero-mode wave velocity and its application in single phase-to-ground fault location in distribution networks[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(4):202-211.
[14]覃剑,陈祥训,郑健超.行波在输电线上传播的色散研究[J].中国电机工程学报,1999,19(9):27-30.QIN Jian,CHEN Xiangxun,ZHENG Jianchao.Study on dispersion of travelling wave in transmission line[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1999,19(9):27-30.
[15]LIN X,ZHAO F,WU G,et al.Universal wavefront positioning correction method on traveling-wave-based fault-location algorithms[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2012,27(3):1601-1610.
[16]童宁,余梦琪,林湘宁,等.基于相电流高频特征识别的配电网故障指示器原理[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(12):465-471.TONG Ning,YU Mengqi,LIN Xiangning,et al.Study for fault indicator based on the faulty phase current feature recognition for the distribution network[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(12):465-471.
[17]DOMMEL H W.Overhead line parameters from handbook formulas and computer programs[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus&Systems,1985,PAS-104(2):366-372.
[18]张志文,梁英,李勇,等.新型SVC中无功功率检测及滤波器的优化设计[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2009,21(6):51-55.ZHANG Zhiwen,LIANG Ying,LI Yong,et al.Detection of reactive power and design of filter for new type SVC[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2009,21(6):51-55.
[19]李振兴,吴李群,田斌,等.不同步双端数据修正波速的单端行波测距算法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(8):16-22.LI Zhenxing,WU Liqun,TIAN Bin,et al.Single-terminal traveling wave location algorithm based on amending wave velocity[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(8):16-22.
[20]汤兰西,董新洲.半波长交流输电线路行波差动电流特性的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(8):2261-2269.TANG Lanxi,DONG Xinzhou.Study on the characteristic of travelling wave differential current on half-wave-length AC transmission lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(8):2261-2269.