不同粮堆温度下储粮害虫的迁移分布试验
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摘要
在粮堆对立两侧分别设置25℃-30℃、20℃-30℃、20℃-35℃、30℃-30℃温度梯度,观察米象、谷蠹和赤拟谷盗成虫在粮堆中的迁移分布状况,结果表明:米象、谷蠹和赤拟谷盗成虫在一定粮堆温度梯度内的分布趋向都表现出了显著的差异性(p<0.05)。米象除了在粮堆温度梯度25℃～30℃下分布没有显著差异外,与赤拟谷盗在一定温差的粮堆中均表现出了显著的趋温性,谷蠹在粮堆温度20℃～30℃范围内趋向于聚集在粮温较低的区域,粮堆温度大于30℃时趋向于聚集在粮温较高的区域。降温后,谷蠹受低温影响停留在粮堆外围区域,赤拟谷盗没有明显趋势,米象趋向迁移到温度较高的粮堆中心。
In this paper, we set different temperature gradients on opposite sides of steel bins filled with rice: 25℃-30℃, 20℃-30℃, 20℃-35℃, 30℃-30℃, to studied the migrant and distribution of three stored grain pests including Tribolium castaneum(Herbst)adults, Sitophilus oryzea(Linnaeus) adults and Rhizopertha dominica(Fabricius) adults, the results showed that the distribution trends of adults of T. castaneum, S. oryzea and R. dominica in a certain grain temperature gradient had significant difference(p<0.05). There is no significant difference in the distribution of S. oryzea except at the grain storage temperature gradient of 25℃-30℃, which is consistent with the quantitative distribution of T. castaneum in the grain bulk with a certain temperature difference. They all tend to gather in the areas with higher grain temperature. The R. dominica tended to gather in the areas with lower grain temperature in the grain storage temperature range of 20℃-30℃, and when the grain storage temperature is higher than 30℃, it tended to gather in the areas with higher grain temperature. After cooling, the R. dominica stayed in the peripheral area of the grain storage under the influence of low temperature, and there was no obvious trend for T. castaneum, and the S. oryzea tended to migrate to the center of the grain storage with higher temperature.
In this paper, we set different temperature gradients on opposite sides of steel bins filled with rice: 25℃-30℃, 20℃-30℃, 20℃-35℃, 30℃-30℃, to studied the migrant and distribution of three stored grain pests including Tribolium castaneum(Herbst)adults, Sitophilus oryzea(Linnaeus) adults and Rhizopertha dominica(Fabricius) adults, the results showed that the distribution trends of adults of T. castaneum, S. oryzea and R. dominica in a certain grain temperature gradient had significant difference(p<0.05). There is no significant difference in the distribution of S. oryzea except at the grain storage temperature gradient of 25℃-30℃, which is consistent with the quantitative distribution of T. castaneum in the grain bulk with a certain temperature difference. They all tend to gather in the areas with higher grain temperature. The R. dominica tended to gather in the areas with lower grain temperature in the grain storage temperature range of 20℃-30℃, and when the grain storage temperature is higher than 30℃, it tended to gather in the areas with higher grain temperature. After cooling, the R. dominica stayed in the peripheral area of the grain storage under the influence of low temperature, and there was no obvious trend for T. castaneum, and the S. oryzea tended to migrate to the center of the grain storage with higher temperature.
引文
1 Flinn P W,Hagstrum D W.Distribution of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera:Cucujidae) in response to temperature gradients in stored wheat[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,1998,34(2-3):107～112
2 Loschiavo S R.Laboratory studies of a device to detect insects in grain,and of the distribution of adults of the rusty grain beetle,Cryptolestes ferrugineus (coleoptera:cucujidae),in wheat-filled containers,1.[J].The Canadian Entomologist,1974,106(12)
3 Howe R W.The Movement of Grain Weevils through Grain[J].Bulletin of Entomological Research,1951,42(1)
4 Watters F L.The locomotor activity of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera:Cucujidae) in wheat[J].Revue Canadienne De Zoologie,1969,47(6):1177～1182
5 White N D G,Sinha R N,Jayas D S,et al.Movement of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera:Cucujidae) through Carbon Dioxide Gradients in Stored Wheat[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,1993,86(6):1846～1851
6 Suzuki T.Presence of another aggregation substance(s) in the frass of the red flour beetles,Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae).[J].Applied Entomology & Zoology,1985,20(1):90～91
7 Cox P D,Wakefield M E,Jacob T A.The effects of temperature on flight initiation in a range of moths,beetles and parasitoids associated with stored products[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2007,43(2):111～117
8 Ileleji K E,Maier D E,Woloshuk C P.Evaluation of different temperature management strategies for suppression of Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) in stored maize[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2007,43(4):480～488
9 邓永学,赵志模,李隆术.环境因子对储粮害虫影响的研究进展[J].粮食储藏,2003(01):5～12
10 蒋丰泽,郑灵燕,郭技星,等.温度对昆虫繁殖力的影响及其生理生化机制[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,37(03):653～663
11 王殿轩,李兆东,陆群,等.不同温度下米象的运动行为研究[J].河南工业大学学报(自然科学版),2011,32(04):6～9
12 李兆东,王殿轩,乔占民.温度对赤拟谷盗爬行和起飞活动的影响[J].应用昆虫学报,2011,48(5):1437～1441
13 Abdelghany A Y,Fields P G.Mortality and movement of Cryptolestes ferrugineus and Rhyzopertha dominica in response to cooling in 300-kg grain bulks[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2017,71:119～124
14 Jian F,Larson R,Jayas D S,et al.Three dimensional temporal and spatial distribution of adult Oryzaephilus surinamensis and Sitophilus oryzae in stored wheat under different temperatures,moisture contents,and adult densities[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2012,49(2):155～165
15 Jian F,Jayas D S,White N D G,et al.Two-dimensional diffusion of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera:Laemophloeidae) populations in stored wheat under constant environmental conditions[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2007,43(4):342～348
16 Jian F,Jayas D S,White N D G.Movement and distribution of adult Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera:Laemophloeidae) in stored wheat in response to temperature gradients,dockage,and moisture differences[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2005,41(4):401～422
17 Jian F,Jayas D S,White N D G.Movement of adult Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera :Laemophloeidae) in wheat:Response to temperature gradients and gravity[J].Environmental Entomology,2004,33(4):1003～1013
18 Jian F,Jayas D S,White N D G.Movement of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera :Tenebrionidae) adults in response to temperature gradients in vertical and horizontal wheat and corn columns[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2005,98(4):1413～1419
19 Jian F,Larson R,Jayas D S,et al.Three Dimensional Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Adults of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae) in Stored Wheat Under Different Temperatures and Adult Densities[J].Agricultural Research,2012,1(2):165～174
20 Jian F,Larson R,Jayas D S,et al.Three-dimensional temporal and spatial distribution of adult Rhyzopertha dominica in stored wheat and corn under different temperatures,moisture contents,and adult densities.[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2001,105(4):1194～1204
2 Loschiavo S R.Laboratory studies of a device to detect insects in grain,and of the distribution of adults of the rusty grain beetle,Cryptolestes ferrugineus (coleoptera:cucujidae),in wheat-filled containers,1.[J].The Canadian Entomologist,1974,106(12)
3 Howe R W.The Movement of Grain Weevils through Grain[J].Bulletin of Entomological Research,1951,42(1)
4 Watters F L.The locomotor activity of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera:Cucujidae) in wheat[J].Revue Canadienne De Zoologie,1969,47(6):1177～1182
5 White N D G,Sinha R N,Jayas D S,et al.Movement of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera:Cucujidae) through Carbon Dioxide Gradients in Stored Wheat[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,1993,86(6):1846～1851
6 Suzuki T.Presence of another aggregation substance(s) in the frass of the red flour beetles,Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae).[J].Applied Entomology & Zoology,1985,20(1):90～91
7 Cox P D,Wakefield M E,Jacob T A.The effects of temperature on flight initiation in a range of moths,beetles and parasitoids associated with stored products[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2007,43(2):111～117
8 Ileleji K E,Maier D E,Woloshuk C P.Evaluation of different temperature management strategies for suppression of Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) in stored maize[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2007,43(4):480～488
9 邓永学,赵志模,李隆术.环境因子对储粮害虫影响的研究进展[J].粮食储藏,2003(01):5～12
10 蒋丰泽,郑灵燕,郭技星,等.温度对昆虫繁殖力的影响及其生理生化机制[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,37(03):653～663
11 王殿轩,李兆东,陆群,等.不同温度下米象的运动行为研究[J].河南工业大学学报(自然科学版),2011,32(04):6～9
12 李兆东,王殿轩,乔占民.温度对赤拟谷盗爬行和起飞活动的影响[J].应用昆虫学报,2011,48(5):1437～1441
13 Abdelghany A Y,Fields P G.Mortality and movement of Cryptolestes ferrugineus and Rhyzopertha dominica in response to cooling in 300-kg grain bulks[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2017,71:119～124
14 Jian F,Larson R,Jayas D S,et al.Three dimensional temporal and spatial distribution of adult Oryzaephilus surinamensis and Sitophilus oryzae in stored wheat under different temperatures,moisture contents,and adult densities[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2012,49(2):155～165
15 Jian F,Jayas D S,White N D G,et al.Two-dimensional diffusion of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera:Laemophloeidae) populations in stored wheat under constant environmental conditions[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2007,43(4):342～348
16 Jian F,Jayas D S,White N D G.Movement and distribution of adult Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera:Laemophloeidae) in stored wheat in response to temperature gradients,dockage,and moisture differences[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2005,41(4):401～422
17 Jian F,Jayas D S,White N D G.Movement of adult Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera :Laemophloeidae) in wheat:Response to temperature gradients and gravity[J].Environmental Entomology,2004,33(4):1003～1013
18 Jian F,Jayas D S,White N D G.Movement of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera :Tenebrionidae) adults in response to temperature gradients in vertical and horizontal wheat and corn columns[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2005,98(4):1413～1419
19 Jian F,Larson R,Jayas D S,et al.Three Dimensional Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Adults of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae) in Stored Wheat Under Different Temperatures and Adult Densities[J].Agricultural Research,2012,1(2):165～174
20 Jian F,Larson R,Jayas D S,et al.Three-dimensional temporal and spatial distribution of adult Rhyzopertha dominica in stored wheat and corn under different temperatures,moisture contents,and adult densities.[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2001,105(4):1194～1204