基于场–路–运动耦合模型的超导电动悬浮列车特性研究
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摘要
基于动态电路理论,该文建立"8"字形零磁通轨道线圈无交叉连接超导电动悬浮列车系统中悬浮导向结构的等效电路模型,推导超导磁体与轨道线圈之间的时变互感计算公式,采用能量法求解列车的悬浮力、导向力及磁阻力;利用日本山梨磁浮试验线的实测数据对等效电路模型进行验证。在此基础之上,最后建立"8"字形零磁通轨道线圈交叉连接系统场–路–运动耦合模型,研究电动悬浮列车的动态运行特性,揭示电磁力随横向偏移、悬浮高度的变化规律,同时阐述轨道线圈感应电流的形成机理。文中的研究结论将为国内超导电动悬浮技术的发展提供重要参考。
Based on the dynamic circuit theory, the equivalent circuit model of superconducting electrodynamic suspension(EDS) train without cross-connected figure-eightshaped null-flux coils was established. A mathematical formula for calculating the time-and space-dependent mutual inductance between the moving superconducting magnets and null-flux coils was derived; electromagnetic forces were calculated by energy method. By comparing the calculation results with the experimental data at the Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, the validity of the equivalent circuit model was verified. On this basis, the field-circuit-motion coupled model with cross-connected figure-eight-shaped null-flux coils was then built, the dynamic running characteristic of EDS train, the dependence of electromagnetic forces on the vertical and lateral displacement and the formation mechanism of null-flux coils current were investigated. This paper will provide a worthful reference for the development of EDS technology in China.
Based on the dynamic circuit theory, the equivalent circuit model of superconducting electrodynamic suspension(EDS) train without cross-connected figure-eightshaped null-flux coils was established. A mathematical formula for calculating the time-and space-dependent mutual inductance between the moving superconducting magnets and null-flux coils was derived; electromagnetic forces were calculated by energy method. By comparing the calculation results with the experimental data at the Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, the validity of the equivalent circuit model was verified. On this basis, the field-circuit-motion coupled model with cross-connected figure-eight-shaped null-flux coils was then built, the dynamic running characteristic of EDS train, the dependence of electromagnetic forces on the vertical and lateral displacement and the formation mechanism of null-flux coils current were investigated. This paper will provide a worthful reference for the development of EDS technology in China.
引文
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[2]王家素,王素玉.超导技术应用[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1995.Wang Jiasu,Wang Suyu.Application of superconducting technology[M].Chengdu:Chengdu Technology University Press,1995(in Chinese).
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[6]Nagashima K.Research and development concerning superconducting maglev and research on applying its technology to conventional railways system[J].Quarterly Report of RTRI,2016,57(3):175-178.
[7]Yonezu T,Watanabe K,Suzuki E,et al.Study on electromagnetic force characteristics acting on levitation/guidance coils of a superconducting maglev vehicle system[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2017,53(11):8300605.
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[9]Bae D K,Cho H,Lee J.Characteristic analysis of hts levitation force with various conditions of ground conductors[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,2008,18(2):803-807.
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[12]王厚生,杜玉梅,夏平畴,等.电动式磁悬浮列车金属板轨道结构的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(7):162-165.Wang Housheng,Du Yumei,Xia Pingchou,et al.Research on DMS train metal guideways construction[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(7):162-165(in Chinese).
[13]李春生,杜玉梅,夏平畴,等.直线型Halbach磁体和导体板构成的电动式磁悬浮系统的分析及实验[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(1):18-22.Li Chunsheng,Du Yumei,Xia Pingchou,et al.Analysis and experimental testing of EDS maglev with linear halbach and conducting sheet[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(1):18-22(in Chinese).
[14]秦伟,范瑜,朱熙,等.永磁电动式磁悬浮装置的研究[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(7):77-81.Qin Wei,Fan Yu,Zhu Xi,et al.Analysis of permanentmagnet electro-dynamic maglev device[J].Electric Machines and Control,2011,15(7):77-81(in Chinese).
[15]陈殷,张昆仑.板式双边永磁电动悬浮电磁力计算[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(24):150-156.Chen Yin,Zhang Kunlun.Calculation of electromagnetic force of plate type null double side permanent magnet electrodynamic suspension[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(24):150-156(in Chinese).
[16]Mizuno K,Sugino M,Tanaka M,et al.Experimental production of a real-scale REBCO magnet aimed at its application to maglev[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,2017,27(4):3600205.
[17]Powell J R,Danby G T.High speed transport by magnetically suspended trains[C]//ASME Winter Annual Meeting,New York,Railroad Div.,1966:66-WA/RR-5.
[18]He Jianliang,Rote D M,Coffey H T.Applications of the dynamic circuit theory to maglev suspension systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1993,29(6):4153-4164.
[19]Fujimoto T,Aiba M,Suzuki H,et al.Characteristics of electromagnetic force of ground coil for levitation and guidance at the Yamanashi maglev test line[J].Quarterly Report of RTRI,2000,41(2):63-67.
[20]万尚军,钱金根,倪光正,等.电动悬浮型磁悬浮列车悬浮与导向技术剖析[J].中国电机工程学报,2000,20(9):22-25,31.Wan Shangjun,Qian Jingen,Ni Guangzheng,et al.Study of the levitation and guidance technology for electrodynamic suspension maglev vehicle[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2000,20(9):22-25,31(in Chinese).
[21]闫宇壮,李云钢,程虎.电动电磁混合磁浮悬浮稳定性及技术特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(6):53-56.Yan Yuzhuang,Li Yungang,Cheng Hu.Analysis of levitation stability and technology characters of EDS and EMS hybrid maglev[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2007,27(6):53-56(in Chinese).
[22]秦伟,范瑜,李硕,等.电磁电动式磁悬浮装置的磁场分析和力特性研究[J].电机与控制学报,2012,16(1):67-71.Qin Wei,Fan Yu,Li Shuo,et al.Characteristic and magnetic field analysis of electro-magnetic electrodynamic levitation device[J].Electric Machines and Control,2012,16(1):67-71(in Chinese).
[23]Arata M,Kawai M,Yamashita T,et al.Eddy current loss reduction of superconducting magnets for maglev with a multilayer superconducting sheet[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,1997,7(2):912-915.
[24]Terai M,Igarashi M,Kusada S,et al.The R&D project of HTS magnets for the superconducting maglev[J].IEEETransactions on Applied Superconductivity,2006,16(2):1124-1129.
[25]He J L,Rote D M,Coffey H T.Study of Japanese electrodynamic-suspension maglev systems[J].IL,United States:Argonne National Lab.,1994,94.
[26]He J L,Rote D M.Double-row loop-coil configuration for EDS maglev suspension,guidance,and electromagnetic guideway directional switching[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1993,29(6):2956-2958.
[2]王家素,王素玉.超导技术应用[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1995.Wang Jiasu,Wang Suyu.Application of superconducting technology[M].Chengdu:Chengdu Technology University Press,1995(in Chinese).
[3]Kuwano K,Igarashi M,Kusada S,et al.The running tests of the superconducting maglev using the HTS magnet[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,2007,17(2):2125-2128.
[4]Hoshino H,Suzuki E,Yonezu T,et al.Examination of vehicle motion characteristics of a maglev train set using a reduced-scale model experiment apparatus[J].Quarterly Report of RTRI,2012,53(1):52-58.
[5]Takahashi N,Suzuki M.Verification of practical applicability of cable wiring for PLG ground coils to maglev systems[J].Quarterly Report of RTRI,2013,54(1):52-58.
[6]Nagashima K.Research and development concerning superconducting maglev and research on applying its technology to conventional railways system[J].Quarterly Report of RTRI,2016,57(3):175-178.
[7]Yonezu T,Watanabe K,Suzuki E,et al.Study on electromagnetic force characteristics acting on levitation/guidance coils of a superconducting maglev vehicle system[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2017,53(11):8300605.
[8]Hsu Y H,Langhorn A,Ketchen D,et al.Magnetic levitation upgrade to the Holloman high speed test track[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,2009,19(3):2074-2077.
[9]Bae D K,Cho H,Lee J.Characteristic analysis of hts levitation force with various conditions of ground conductors[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,2008,18(2):803-807.
[10]Lee J,Bae D K,Sim K,et al.Characteristics on electodynamic suspension simulator with HTS levitation magnet[J].Physica C:Superconductivity,2009,469(15-20):1820-1824.
[11]Song D,Jang H,Kim S B,et al.Designing a piezoelectric energy harvesting system for the superconductor Maglev[J].Journal of Electroceramics,2013,31(1-2):1-7.
[12]王厚生,杜玉梅,夏平畴,等.电动式磁悬浮列车金属板轨道结构的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(7):162-165.Wang Housheng,Du Yumei,Xia Pingchou,et al.Research on DMS train metal guideways construction[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(7):162-165(in Chinese).
[13]李春生,杜玉梅,夏平畴,等.直线型Halbach磁体和导体板构成的电动式磁悬浮系统的分析及实验[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(1):18-22.Li Chunsheng,Du Yumei,Xia Pingchou,et al.Analysis and experimental testing of EDS maglev with linear halbach and conducting sheet[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(1):18-22(in Chinese).
[14]秦伟,范瑜,朱熙,等.永磁电动式磁悬浮装置的研究[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(7):77-81.Qin Wei,Fan Yu,Zhu Xi,et al.Analysis of permanentmagnet electro-dynamic maglev device[J].Electric Machines and Control,2011,15(7):77-81(in Chinese).
[15]陈殷,张昆仑.板式双边永磁电动悬浮电磁力计算[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(24):150-156.Chen Yin,Zhang Kunlun.Calculation of electromagnetic force of plate type null double side permanent magnet electrodynamic suspension[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(24):150-156(in Chinese).
[16]Mizuno K,Sugino M,Tanaka M,et al.Experimental production of a real-scale REBCO magnet aimed at its application to maglev[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,2017,27(4):3600205.
[17]Powell J R,Danby G T.High speed transport by magnetically suspended trains[C]//ASME Winter Annual Meeting,New York,Railroad Div.,1966:66-WA/RR-5.
[18]He Jianliang,Rote D M,Coffey H T.Applications of the dynamic circuit theory to maglev suspension systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1993,29(6):4153-4164.
[19]Fujimoto T,Aiba M,Suzuki H,et al.Characteristics of electromagnetic force of ground coil for levitation and guidance at the Yamanashi maglev test line[J].Quarterly Report of RTRI,2000,41(2):63-67.
[20]万尚军,钱金根,倪光正,等.电动悬浮型磁悬浮列车悬浮与导向技术剖析[J].中国电机工程学报,2000,20(9):22-25,31.Wan Shangjun,Qian Jingen,Ni Guangzheng,et al.Study of the levitation and guidance technology for electrodynamic suspension maglev vehicle[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2000,20(9):22-25,31(in Chinese).
[21]闫宇壮,李云钢,程虎.电动电磁混合磁浮悬浮稳定性及技术特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(6):53-56.Yan Yuzhuang,Li Yungang,Cheng Hu.Analysis of levitation stability and technology characters of EDS and EMS hybrid maglev[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2007,27(6):53-56(in Chinese).
[22]秦伟,范瑜,李硕,等.电磁电动式磁悬浮装置的磁场分析和力特性研究[J].电机与控制学报,2012,16(1):67-71.Qin Wei,Fan Yu,Li Shuo,et al.Characteristic and magnetic field analysis of electro-magnetic electrodynamic levitation device[J].Electric Machines and Control,2012,16(1):67-71(in Chinese).
[23]Arata M,Kawai M,Yamashita T,et al.Eddy current loss reduction of superconducting magnets for maglev with a multilayer superconducting sheet[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,1997,7(2):912-915.
[24]Terai M,Igarashi M,Kusada S,et al.The R&D project of HTS magnets for the superconducting maglev[J].IEEETransactions on Applied Superconductivity,2006,16(2):1124-1129.
[25]He J L,Rote D M,Coffey H T.Study of Japanese electrodynamic-suspension maglev systems[J].IL,United States:Argonne National Lab.,1994,94.
[26]He J L,Rote D M.Double-row loop-coil configuration for EDS maglev suspension,guidance,and electromagnetic guideway directional switching[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1993,29(6):2956-2958.