高速刮擦条件下封严涂层热物性对叶片损伤行为的影响
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摘要
利用自制的高速刮擦试验机,对常见的铝、镍基封严涂层与TC4钛合叶片组成的封严摩擦副在高速刮擦条件下的摩擦学行为进行了研究。结果显示,铝基封严涂层对于叶片磨损轻微,甚至出现涂层粘着叶片的现象;镍基封严涂层严重的损伤叶片。通过分析刮擦面温度与力学性能变化间关系,发现封严涂层的热物性能对叶片的损伤具有重要的影响。若封严涂层的金属相熔点较低、热扩散率较大如铝基封严涂层,则配副使用时涂层易先于叶片发生软化,因而叶片磨损轻微,甚至被涂层粘附所代替。若封严涂层的金属相熔点较高、热扩散率较低如镍基封严涂层,则叶片易先于涂层发生软化,因而叶片损伤严重。
The tribological behaviors of seal friction pairs composed of commonly used aluminum-based and nickel-based seal coatings and TC4 titanium blades were studied under high-speed rubbing condition by a self-developed high-speed rubbing tester. The results showed that the aluminum-based seal coating causes slight damage to the blade and even adheres to the blade, while the nickel-based seal coating has serious damage to the blade. By establishing the relationship between the temperature of the rubbing interface and the mechanical properties, the thermal-physical properties of the seal coating are found to have great influence on blade wear. The coatings with low melting point and high thermal diffusivity such as aluminum-based coating tend to soften prior to the blade, so the blade wear is slight and even replaced by coating adhesion. If the coatings possess high melting point and low thermal diffusivity, such as nickel-based coatings, the blade rubbed before the coating was softened, and thus the blade suffered a severe damage.
The tribological behaviors of seal friction pairs composed of commonly used aluminum-based and nickel-based seal coatings and TC4 titanium blades were studied under high-speed rubbing condition by a self-developed high-speed rubbing tester. The results showed that the aluminum-based seal coating causes slight damage to the blade and even adheres to the blade, while the nickel-based seal coating has serious damage to the blade. By establishing the relationship between the temperature of the rubbing interface and the mechanical properties, the thermal-physical properties of the seal coating are found to have great influence on blade wear. The coatings with low melting point and high thermal diffusivity such as aluminum-based coating tend to soften prior to the blade, so the blade wear is slight and even replaced by coating adhesion. If the coatings possess high melting point and low thermal diffusivity, such as nickel-based coatings, the blade rubbed before the coating was softened, and thus the blade suffered a severe damage.
引文
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[17]XUAN H J,ZHANG N,HU Y Q.Evaluation of an Al Sipolyester abradable seal coating performance using hightemperature and high-velocity abrasion tests[J].Journal ofEngineering Tribology,2015,230(7):1-10.
[18]XUE W H,GAO S Y,DUAN D L.Material transfer behaviour between a Ti6Al4V blade and an aluminium hexagonal boron nitride abradable coating during high-speed rubbing[J].Wear,2015,322-323:76-90.
[19]高禩洋,刘阳,段德莉.模拟封严涂层工况的刮擦式摩擦磨损试验机[J].中国表面工程,2012,25(4):100-106.GAO S Y,LIU Y,DUAN D L.A rubbing type of friction and wear tester simulating working condition of seal coating[J].China Surface Engineering,2012,25(4):100-106(in Chinese).
[20]高禩洋,刘夙伟,李曙.单摆冲击划痕法对封严涂层耐磨性的评价[J].摩擦学学报,2010,30(4):385-391.GAO S Y,LIU S W,LI S.Evaluation of wear resistance of abradable coatings by a single-pass pendulum scratch method[J].Tribology,2010,30(4):385-391(in Chinese).
[21]JOHNSTON R E.Mechanical characterisation of Al Si-h BN,Ni Cr Al-bentonite,and Ni Cr Al-bentonite-h BN freestanding abradable coatings[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2011,205(10):3268-3273.
[22]JOHNSTON R E,EVANS W J.Freestanding abradable coating manufacture and tensile test development[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2007,202(4-7):725-729.
[23]GAO S Y,XUE W H,DUAN D L.Effect of thermal-physical properties on the abradability of seal coating under highspeed rubbing condition[J].Tribological Letters,2016.doi:10.1016/j.wear.2017.09.006.
[24]颜鸣阜.中国航空材料手册(第四册)[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2001:104-120.YAN M F.Chinese handbook of aeronautical materials(4th edition)[M].Beijing:China Standards Press,2001:104-120.
[2]BILL R C,LUDWIG L P.Wear of seal materials used in aircraft propulsion systems[J].Wear,1980,59(1):165-189.
[3]LUDWIG L P,BILL R C.Gas path sealing in turbine engines[J].Tribology Transactions,1980,23(1):1-22.
[4]CHUPP R E,HENDRICKS R C,LATTIME S B.Sealing in turbomachinery[J].Journal of Propulsion and Power,2006,22(2):313-349.
[5]HAJMRLE K,FIALA P,CHILKOWICH A P.Abradable seals for gas turbines and other rotary equipment[C].Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2004,2004:673-682.
[6]HAJMRLE K,FIALA P,CHILKOWICH A P.New abradable seals for industrial gas turbines[C].Advancing the Science&Applying the Technology,2003:735-740.
[7]LAVERTY W F.Compressor seal rub energetics study[R].United States:Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Group,1978.
[8]EMERY A F,WOLAK J,ETEMAD S.Interfacial temperatures and surface heat fluxes during a blade-seal rubbing process[C].Al AA 14th Fluid and Plasma Dynamics Conference,1981:1-6.
[9]EMERY A F,WOLAK J,ETEMAD S.An experimental investigation of temperatures due to rubbing at the blade-sealinterface in an aircraft compressor[J].Wear,1983,91(2):117-130.
[10]WOLAK J,EMERY A F,ETEMAD S.Preliminary results on the abradability of porous,sintered seal material[J].Journal of Lubrication Technology,1983,105:576-582.
[11]BOUNAZEF M,GUESSASMA S,AIT SAADI B.Seal creation of abradable material Ni Cr Al-boron nitride-polyester[C].The Third International Conference on advances in mechanical engineering and mechanics,2006:17-19.
[12]BOUNAZEF M,GUESSASMA S,ADDA BEDIA E A.Blade protection and efficiency preservation of a turbine by a sacrificial material coating[J].Advanced Powder Technology,2007,18(2):123-133.
[13]DADOUCHE A,CONLON M J,DMOCHOWSKI W.Experiment evaluation of abradable seal performance at high temperature[C].53rd ASME Turbo Expo 2008,2008:143-150.
[14]TAYLOR T A,THOMPSON B W,ATON W.High speed rub wear mechanism in IN-718 vs.Ni Cr Al-bentonite[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2007,202(4-7):698-703.
[15]MORRELL P,BETRIDGE D,GREAVES M.A new aluminum-silicon/boron nitride powder for clearance control applications[C].Proceedings of the 15th International Thermal Spray Conference,1998:1187-1192.
[16]BOUNAZEF M,GUESSASMA S,AIT SAADI B.The wear,deterioration and transformation phenomena of abradable coating BN-Si Al-bounding organic element,caused by the friction between the blades and the turbine casing[J].Materials Letters,2004,58(27-28):3375-3380.
[17]XUAN H J,ZHANG N,HU Y Q.Evaluation of an Al Sipolyester abradable seal coating performance using hightemperature and high-velocity abrasion tests[J].Journal ofEngineering Tribology,2015,230(7):1-10.
[18]XUE W H,GAO S Y,DUAN D L.Material transfer behaviour between a Ti6Al4V blade and an aluminium hexagonal boron nitride abradable coating during high-speed rubbing[J].Wear,2015,322-323:76-90.
[19]高禩洋,刘阳,段德莉.模拟封严涂层工况的刮擦式摩擦磨损试验机[J].中国表面工程,2012,25(4):100-106.GAO S Y,LIU Y,DUAN D L.A rubbing type of friction and wear tester simulating working condition of seal coating[J].China Surface Engineering,2012,25(4):100-106(in Chinese).
[20]高禩洋,刘夙伟,李曙.单摆冲击划痕法对封严涂层耐磨性的评价[J].摩擦学学报,2010,30(4):385-391.GAO S Y,LIU S W,LI S.Evaluation of wear resistance of abradable coatings by a single-pass pendulum scratch method[J].Tribology,2010,30(4):385-391(in Chinese).
[21]JOHNSTON R E.Mechanical characterisation of Al Si-h BN,Ni Cr Al-bentonite,and Ni Cr Al-bentonite-h BN freestanding abradable coatings[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2011,205(10):3268-3273.
[22]JOHNSTON R E,EVANS W J.Freestanding abradable coating manufacture and tensile test development[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2007,202(4-7):725-729.
[23]GAO S Y,XUE W H,DUAN D L.Effect of thermal-physical properties on the abradability of seal coating under highspeed rubbing condition[J].Tribological Letters,2016.doi:10.1016/j.wear.2017.09.006.
[24]颜鸣阜.中国航空材料手册(第四册)[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2001:104-120.YAN M F.Chinese handbook of aeronautical materials(4th edition)[M].Beijing:China Standards Press,2001:104-120.