基于提高割煤效率的坚硬煤层煤壁弱化技术
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摘要
为了解决坚硬煤层综采工作面采煤机割煤困难、割煤效率低,影响正常生产的问题,采用理论分析、数值模拟及现场实测相结合的方法,对坚硬煤层工作面支架-围岩关系进行了研究,提出了基于提高割煤效率和顶板控制的坚硬煤层综采工作面液压支架合理工作阻力的确定方法。结果表明:在覆岩恒定载荷作用下,适当降低工作面支架工作阻力,有利于增加煤壁侧实体煤塑性区宽度,提高坚硬煤层预裂程度;在保证采煤机割煤效率和顶板有效支护的情况下,工作面支架合理工作阻力取值范围为7 200～8 400 kN。实测表明采煤机割煤时间与支架工作阻力正相关,适当调整支架工作阻力,有利于提高采煤机的割煤效率。
To solve the problem of the coal cutting difficulty of shearer and the inefficient coal cutting efficiency in fully mechanized mining face with hard coal seam which was affected the normal production, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement were combined to study the support and surrounding rock relationship. The method for determining the reasonable working resistance of hydraulic support in fully mechanized mining face of hard coal seam based on improving coal cutting efficiency and roof control was proposed. The research showed that it is beneficial to increase the width of coal plastic zone of coal wall and raise the degree of pre-cracking of hard coal seam by reducing support working resistance under the constant load of overlying rock. The reasonable working resistance of support range was between 7 200 kN to 8 400 kN under the condition of ensuring coal cutting efficiency and top plate effective support. The coal cutting time is positively correlated with working resistance of the support through on-site measurement. It was beneficial to improving the coal cutting efficiency of the shearer adjusting support working resistance properly.
To solve the problem of the coal cutting difficulty of shearer and the inefficient coal cutting efficiency in fully mechanized mining face with hard coal seam which was affected the normal production, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement were combined to study the support and surrounding rock relationship. The method for determining the reasonable working resistance of hydraulic support in fully mechanized mining face of hard coal seam based on improving coal cutting efficiency and roof control was proposed. The research showed that it is beneficial to increase the width of coal plastic zone of coal wall and raise the degree of pre-cracking of hard coal seam by reducing support working resistance under the constant load of overlying rock. The reasonable working resistance of support range was between 7 200 kN to 8 400 kN under the condition of ensuring coal cutting efficiency and top plate effective support. The coal cutting time is positively correlated with working resistance of the support through on-site measurement. It was beneficial to improving the coal cutting efficiency of the shearer adjusting support working resistance properly.
引文
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[12]李恒,康天合,李晓坡,等.大采高综采支架初撑力对煤壁稳定性的影响研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(9):67-71.
[13]王家臣,王蕾,郭尧.基于顶板与煤壁控制的支架阻力的确定[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1619-1624.
[14]孔德中,杨胜利,高林,等.基于煤壁稳定性控制的大采高工作面支架工作阻力确定[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(3):590-596.
[15]龚红鹏,李建伟,陈现辉.东曲煤矿综采工作面端面顶板失稳规律及其控制研究[J].煤炭工程,2014,46(1):87-89.
[16]王国法,庞义辉.液压支架与围岩耦合关系及应用[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(1):30-34.
[17]王志强,郭磊,刑瑞军,等.FLAC3D模型塑性区三维可视化在采空区围岩裂隙演变中的应用[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(4):152-156.
[18]彭文斌.FLAC3D实用教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2013:102-104.
[2]王家臣,王兆会,孔德中.硬煤工作面煤壁破坏与防治机理[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(10):2243-2250.
[3]张新忠.兴县矿区斜沟煤矿浅埋深坚硬厚煤层开采方法研究[J].煤炭技术,2009,28(8):52-54.
[4]李庆亮,贠瑞光,宋振,等.采煤机截割部行星架断裂原因分析与改进[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(5):172-176.
[5]李鑫.坚硬煤层水力致裂机理及应用研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2016.
[6]刘洋,何川,昌珺.坚硬厚煤层综放开采顶煤弱化技术的探讨[J].山东煤炭科技,2011(4):151-152.
[7]刘健,刘泽功,高魁,等.深孔爆破在综放开采坚硬顶煤预先弱化和瓦斯抽采中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(S1):3361-3367.
[8]赵宏珠,石平五.厚煤层放顶煤开采设备与技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1995.
[9]王国法.工作面支护与液压支架技术理论体系[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1593-1601.
[10]郭卫彬,鲁岩,黄福昌,等.仰采综放工作面端面煤岩稳定性及控制研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(3):406-412.
[11]王国法,庞义辉.基于支架与围岩耦合关系的支架适应性评价方法[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(6):1348.
[12]李恒,康天合,李晓坡,等.大采高综采支架初撑力对煤壁稳定性的影响研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(9):67-71.
[13]王家臣,王蕾,郭尧.基于顶板与煤壁控制的支架阻力的确定[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1619-1624.
[14]孔德中,杨胜利,高林,等.基于煤壁稳定性控制的大采高工作面支架工作阻力确定[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(3):590-596.
[15]龚红鹏,李建伟,陈现辉.东曲煤矿综采工作面端面顶板失稳规律及其控制研究[J].煤炭工程,2014,46(1):87-89.
[16]王国法,庞义辉.液压支架与围岩耦合关系及应用[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(1):30-34.
[17]王志强,郭磊,刑瑞军,等.FLAC3D模型塑性区三维可视化在采空区围岩裂隙演变中的应用[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(4):152-156.
[18]彭文斌.FLAC3D实用教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2013:102-104.