不同刈割强度对封育沙地植被生长状况的影响
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摘要
为研究不同刈割强度对沙地植被恢复的影响,在我国腾格里沙漠南缘选取封育14年(自然恢复)和封育14年(人工恢复6年+自然恢复8年)沙地植被(冰草Agropyron cristatum L.Gaertn.、沙蒿Artemisia desertorum Spreng.、花棒Hedysarum scoparium Fisch.等)作为研究对象,进行不同刈割强度的实验(重度刈割留茬5cm;中度刈割草本植物留茬10cm、木本植物留茬15cm;不刈割),结果表明:对于自然恢复沙区,中度刈割能提高其沙地植被的株高和再生能力,其植被累计生物量依次为中度刈割(17.70kg·m~(-2))﹥不刈割(15.84kg·m~(-2))﹥重度刈割(5.56kg·m~(-2));人工+自然恢复沙区,中度刈割对其植被的株高和再生能力与重度刈割、不刈割存在显著差异,其生物量依次为不刈割18.87kg·m~(-2)、中度刈割13.87kg·m~(-2)、重度刈割11.34kg·m~(-2);重度刈割对这两种恢复模式的沙地植被的株高和再生能力均无显著作用。
In order to study the effects of different cutting intensities on vegetation restoration in sandy land,vegetation(Agropyron cristatum L.Gaertn.、Artemisia desertorum Spreng.、Hedysarum scoparium Fisch.etc.)was selected as the research object in the southern margin of the Tengger Desert in 14-year-old exclosure(natural restoration)and 14-year-old enclosure(6-year-old artificial restoration + 8-year-old natural restoration).Experiments with different cutting intensities showed that:for natural restoration sandy land,moderate cutting could improve sandy vegetation height and regeneration capacity,and the total biomass of the vegetation in turn was moderate cutting(17.70 kg·m~(-2))> no cutting(15.84 kg·m~(-2))> severe cutting(5.56 kg·m~(-2)).Artificial+ natural restoration sandy land,moderate cutting had significant differences in plant height and regeneration capacity with severe cutting and no cutting,and the biomass in turn was not cutting 18.87 kg·m~(-2),moderate cutting 13.87 kg·m~(-2),severe cutting 11.34 kg·m~(-2).Severe cutting had no significant effects on the sandy vegetation height and regeneration capacity in the two restoration patterns.
In order to study the effects of different cutting intensities on vegetation restoration in sandy land,vegetation(Agropyron cristatum L.Gaertn.、Artemisia desertorum Spreng.、Hedysarum scoparium Fisch.etc.)was selected as the research object in the southern margin of the Tengger Desert in 14-year-old exclosure(natural restoration)and 14-year-old enclosure(6-year-old artificial restoration + 8-year-old natural restoration).Experiments with different cutting intensities showed that:for natural restoration sandy land,moderate cutting could improve sandy vegetation height and regeneration capacity,and the total biomass of the vegetation in turn was moderate cutting(17.70 kg·m~(-2))> no cutting(15.84 kg·m~(-2))> severe cutting(5.56 kg·m~(-2)).Artificial+ natural restoration sandy land,moderate cutting had significant differences in plant height and regeneration capacity with severe cutting and no cutting,and the biomass in turn was not cutting 18.87 kg·m~(-2),moderate cutting 13.87 kg·m~(-2),severe cutting 11.34 kg·m~(-2).Severe cutting had no significant effects on the sandy vegetation height and regeneration capacity in the two restoration patterns.
引文
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[2]Meissner R A,Facellijm.Effects of sheep exclusion on the soil seed bank and annual vegetation in chenopods shrublands of South Australia[J].Joumal of Arid Environments,1999,42:117-128
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[4]杨晓晖,张克斌,侯瑞萍.封育措施对半干旱沙地草场植被群落特征及地上生物量的影响[J].生态环境,2005,14(5):730-734
[5]殷国梅,张英俊,王明莹,等.短期围封对草甸草原群落特征与物种多样性的影响[J].中国草地学报,2014,36(3):61-66
[6]刘晓琴,张翔,张立峰,等.封育年限对高寒草甸群落组分和物种多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(16):5150-5162
[7]毛少娟,吴启华,祝景斌,等.藏北高寒草原群落维持性能对封育年限的响应[J].草业学报,2015,24(1):21-30
[8]宋彦涛,周道玮,于洋,等.生长季初刈割时间对羊草群落特征的影响[J].中国草地学报,2016,38(3):55-62
[9]张雪,董建国,汪有科,等.刈割对牧草根系生长特征的影响[J].中国草地学报,2016,24(4):874-878
[10]都帅,尤思涵,刘燕,等.不同刈割时期与刈割高度对苜蓿品质的影响[J].中国草地学报,2016,24(2):416-424
[11]戎郁萍,韩建国,王培.不同草地恢复方式对新麦草草地土壤和植被的影响[J].草业学报,2002,11(1):17-23
[12]孙栋元,王辉,马仲武,等.干旱荒漠区封育沙地土壤水分变化研究[J].西北林学院学报,2007,22(2):49-53
[13]章家恩,刘文高,陈景青,等.不同刈割强度对牧草地上部和地下部生长性状的影响[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(9):1740-1744
[14]杨晓晖,张克斌,侯瑞萍,等.半干旱沙地封育草场的植被变化及其与土壤因子间的关系[J].生态学报,2005,25(12):3212-3219
[15]刘荟,满多清.景泰北部沙区综合治理与开发利用试验示范[J].甘肃林业科技,2003,28(4):14-15
[16]张伟华,关世英,李跃进,等.不同恢复措施对退化草地土壤水分和养分的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2000,21(4):31-35
[17]张伟华,关世英,李跃进.不同牧压强度对草原土壤水分、养分以及第地上生物量影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2000,14(4):61-64
[18]何芳兰,裴明祥,王继和,等.刈割频度对四翅滨藜生物量累积及根系垂直分布的影响[J].草地学报,2009,17(1):79-83
[19]孙显涛,陈晓阳,贾黎明,等.不同刈割频度下二色胡枝子根系及地上生物量的研究[J].草业科学,2005,22(5):25-28
[20]盛亦兵,贾春林,苗锦山,等.不同茬次刈割对苜蓿生长发育动态及产量的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2004,25:21-23
[21]张荣,杜国帧.放牧草地群落的冗余与补偿[J].草业学报.1998,7(4):13-19
[22]孔彬彬,卫欣华.刈割和施肥对高寒草甸物种多样性和功能多样性时间动态及其关系的影响[J].植物生态学报,2016,40(3):187-199
[23]朱爱民,张玉霞,王显国,等.秋末刈割处理对沙地苜蓿冬季根颈非结构碳氮的影响[J].草业学报,2018,27(1):86-96
[24]刘颖,王德利.放牧强度对羊草草地植被特征的影响[J].草业学报,2002,02:22-28
[2]Meissner R A,Facellijm.Effects of sheep exclusion on the soil seed bank and annual vegetation in chenopods shrublands of South Australia[J].Joumal of Arid Environments,1999,42:117-128
[3]李永宏.内蒙古典型草原地带退化草原的恢复动态[J].生物多样性,1995,3(3):125-130
[4]杨晓晖,张克斌,侯瑞萍.封育措施对半干旱沙地草场植被群落特征及地上生物量的影响[J].生态环境,2005,14(5):730-734
[5]殷国梅,张英俊,王明莹,等.短期围封对草甸草原群落特征与物种多样性的影响[J].中国草地学报,2014,36(3):61-66
[6]刘晓琴,张翔,张立峰,等.封育年限对高寒草甸群落组分和物种多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(16):5150-5162
[7]毛少娟,吴启华,祝景斌,等.藏北高寒草原群落维持性能对封育年限的响应[J].草业学报,2015,24(1):21-30
[8]宋彦涛,周道玮,于洋,等.生长季初刈割时间对羊草群落特征的影响[J].中国草地学报,2016,38(3):55-62
[9]张雪,董建国,汪有科,等.刈割对牧草根系生长特征的影响[J].中国草地学报,2016,24(4):874-878
[10]都帅,尤思涵,刘燕,等.不同刈割时期与刈割高度对苜蓿品质的影响[J].中国草地学报,2016,24(2):416-424
[11]戎郁萍,韩建国,王培.不同草地恢复方式对新麦草草地土壤和植被的影响[J].草业学报,2002,11(1):17-23
[12]孙栋元,王辉,马仲武,等.干旱荒漠区封育沙地土壤水分变化研究[J].西北林学院学报,2007,22(2):49-53
[13]章家恩,刘文高,陈景青,等.不同刈割强度对牧草地上部和地下部生长性状的影响[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(9):1740-1744
[14]杨晓晖,张克斌,侯瑞萍,等.半干旱沙地封育草场的植被变化及其与土壤因子间的关系[J].生态学报,2005,25(12):3212-3219
[15]刘荟,满多清.景泰北部沙区综合治理与开发利用试验示范[J].甘肃林业科技,2003,28(4):14-15
[16]张伟华,关世英,李跃进,等.不同恢复措施对退化草地土壤水分和养分的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2000,21(4):31-35
[17]张伟华,关世英,李跃进.不同牧压强度对草原土壤水分、养分以及第地上生物量影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2000,14(4):61-64
[18]何芳兰,裴明祥,王继和,等.刈割频度对四翅滨藜生物量累积及根系垂直分布的影响[J].草地学报,2009,17(1):79-83
[19]孙显涛,陈晓阳,贾黎明,等.不同刈割频度下二色胡枝子根系及地上生物量的研究[J].草业科学,2005,22(5):25-28
[20]盛亦兵,贾春林,苗锦山,等.不同茬次刈割对苜蓿生长发育动态及产量的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2004,25:21-23
[21]张荣,杜国帧.放牧草地群落的冗余与补偿[J].草业学报.1998,7(4):13-19
[22]孔彬彬,卫欣华.刈割和施肥对高寒草甸物种多样性和功能多样性时间动态及其关系的影响[J].植物生态学报,2016,40(3):187-199
[23]朱爱民,张玉霞,王显国,等.秋末刈割处理对沙地苜蓿冬季根颈非结构碳氮的影响[J].草业学报,2018,27(1):86-96
[24]刘颖,王德利.放牧强度对羊草草地植被特征的影响[J].草业学报,2002,02:22-28