烧结温度对粉煤灰-高钛高炉渣微晶泡沫玻璃孔结构与性能的影响
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摘要
以粉煤灰、高钛高炉渣和废玻璃为主要原料,CaCO_3为发泡剂,Na_2B_4O_7·5H_2O为助熔剂,Na_3PO_4·12H_2O为稳泡剂,通过"一步法"粉末烧结制备了微晶泡沫玻璃。借助DSC、XRD和SEM等分析测试手段研究了烧结温度对微晶泡沫玻璃物相组成、气孔结构、体积密度、孔隙率、吸水率及抗压强度的影响。结果表明:烧结温度变化对样品的物相种类影响不显著,析出的晶体主要为透辉石Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)_2O_6,普通辉石Ca(Mg,Fe)Si_2O_6以及富铝普通辉石Ca(Mg,Fe,Al)(Si,Al)_2O_6,同时还含有少量的硅灰石Ca_3Si_3O_9。随着烧结温度的升高,微晶泡沫玻璃的气孔结构变得越来越均匀。然而,940℃时由于小气孔的合并产生了孔径达到2～4 mm的大孔,导致样品的力学性能很低。综合而言,当烧结温度为900℃时,样品孔径大小合适且均匀性好,所制得的泡沫微晶玻璃具备最优综合性能。
Foam glass-ceramics were prepared by‘one-step’process,using fly ash,high titanium blast furnace slag and waste glass as the main materials with adding calcium carbonate as foaming agents,borax as flux agent and trisodium phosphate anhydrous as foam stabilizer.The effects of sintering temperature on phase composition,pore structure,bulk density,porosity,water absorption and compressive strength of foam glass-ceramics were investigated by means of DSC,XRD and SEM.The results showed that the change of sintering temperature has no significant effect on the phase type of the sample.The precipitated crystals are mainly diopside Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)_2O_6,ordinary pyroxene Ca(Mg,Fe)Si_2O_6 and aluminumrich ordinary pyroxene Ca(Mg,Fe,Al)(Si,Al)_2O_6,while also containing a small amount of wollastonite Ca_3Si_3O_9.As the sintering temperature increases,the pore structure of the foam glass-ceramics becomes more and more uniform.However,large pores with a pore diameter of 2～4 mm were produced due to the combination of small pores,resulting in low mechanical properties of the sample at 940℃.In summary,the suitable and uniform pore size of the sample was achieved at 900℃,with the optimum combination property of foam glass-ceramics.
Foam glass-ceramics were prepared by‘one-step’process,using fly ash,high titanium blast furnace slag and waste glass as the main materials with adding calcium carbonate as foaming agents,borax as flux agent and trisodium phosphate anhydrous as foam stabilizer.The effects of sintering temperature on phase composition,pore structure,bulk density,porosity,water absorption and compressive strength of foam glass-ceramics were investigated by means of DSC,XRD and SEM.The results showed that the change of sintering temperature has no significant effect on the phase type of the sample.The precipitated crystals are mainly diopside Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)_2O_6,ordinary pyroxene Ca(Mg,Fe)Si_2O_6 and aluminumrich ordinary pyroxene Ca(Mg,Fe,Al)(Si,Al)_2O_6,while also containing a small amount of wollastonite Ca_3Si_3O_9.As the sintering temperature increases,the pore structure of the foam glass-ceramics becomes more and more uniform.However,large pores with a pore diameter of 2～4 mm were produced due to the combination of small pores,resulting in low mechanical properties of the sample at 940℃.In summary,the suitable and uniform pore size of the sample was achieved at 900℃,with the optimum combination property of foam glass-ceramics.
引文
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[3]周虹伶,冯可芹,陈长鸿,等.碳酸钙对缓冷高钛高炉渣制备泡沫微晶玻璃的影响[J].材料导报B:研究篇,2016,30(11):143-146.
[4]Yuxi Guo,Yihe Zhang,Hongwei Huang,et al.Effect of heat treatment process on the preparation of foamed glass ceramic from red mud and fly ash[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols,2014.670-671:201-204.
[5]I.Ponsot,E.Bernardo.Self glazed glass ceramic foams from metallurgical slag and recycled glass,J.Clean.Prod,2013,59:245-250.
[6]Mengguang Zhu,Ru Ji,Zhongmin Li,et al.Preparation of glass ceramic foams for thermal insulation applications from coal fly ash and waste glass[J].Construction and Building Materials,2016,112:398-405.
[7]R.D.Rawlings,J.P.Wu,A.R.Boccaccini,Glassceramics:their production from wastes-a review[J].J.Mater.Sci,2006,41:733-761.
[8]陈长鸿,冯可芹,石欢,等.热处理保温时间对高钛高炉渣制备泡沫微晶玻璃的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2016,37(4):32-36.
[9]Xingjun Chen,Anxian Lu,Gao Qu.Preparation and characterization of foam ceramics from red mud and fly ash using sodium silicate as foaming agent[J].Ceramics International,2013,39:1923-1929.
[10]A.A.Francis,M.K.Abdel Rahman,A.Daoud.Processing,structures and compressive properties of porous glass-ceramic composites prepared from secondary by-product materials,Ceramics International(2013),http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.02.048.
[11]H.R.Fernandes,D.U.Tulyaganov and J.M.F.Ferreira.Production and characterization of glass ceramic foams from recycled raw materials[J].Advances in Applied Ceramics,2009,108:9-13.
[12]朱凯华,陆雷,陈莹,等.热处理制度对微晶泡沫玻璃性能的影响[J].中国陶瓷,2012,48(4):47-49,68.
[13]周宇,冯可芹,王海波,等.烧结温度对高钛高炉渣制备泡沫微晶玻璃的影响[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2014,46(S1):192.
[14]程金树,李宏,汤李缨等.微晶玻璃[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006.
[15]徐博,曹建尉,梁开明.ZnO和CaO含量对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系泡沫微晶玻璃析晶与发泡的影响[J].无机材料学报,2012,27(2):191.
[16]李玉平,高朋召.无机非金属材料工学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2011.