基于高通量测序分析西藏北部高寒草甸不同深度土壤线虫群落分布特征
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摘要
为了研究藏北高寒草甸土壤线虫多样性,于2017年8月,采用Illumina MiSeq测序技术,研究了西藏北部高寒草甸0—25 cm范围内不同深度土层的土壤线虫群落组成与结构特征。结果表明:5个不同深度共获得OTU 990个,隶属于3个纲,7个目,25个科,30个属,刺嘴纲Enoplea为共有优势土壤线虫群落;对样品进行Alpha多样性评价,计算Chao 1指数、Shannon指数和Ace指数,发现5—10 cm的土壤样品群落有较高的丰富度;属水平Heatmap图分析可知20—25、15—20、0—5、5—10、10—15 cm土壤线虫群落的组成相似性有一个递增的趋势。与不同深度藏北高山嵩草(盛长期)线虫群落结构相关性较大的土壤化学指标是K~+、含水率、有机质和Zn~(2+)。研究发现不同深度土壤线虫种类及丰度存在一定的差异,可为研究藏北高寒草地土壤线虫群落特点提供依据。
The goal of this study was to examine the diversity of soil nematodes in the alpine meadows of northern Tibet. In August 2017, the changes in soil nematode communities at different soil depths were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing to reveal the community composition and structural characteristics. A total of 990 operational taxonomic units were extracted from five samples and were sorted into 3 classes, 7 orders, 25 families, and 30 genera. Enoplea was dominant in the different samples at the class level. The Chao1 index, Shannon index, and Ace index were used to evaluate the alpha diversity of the samples, and the results showed that the 5—10 cm soil layer had a relatively high abundance. A heatmap analysis showed the composition similarity of the community was 20—25 cm < 15—20 cm < 0—5 cm < 5—10 cm < 10—15 cm. A redundancy analysis of the soil nematode phyla and the chemical parameters in the soil showed that K~+, soil water content, organic matter, and Zn~(2+) were the most related to the soil nematode community structure. Differences were noted in the species and abundance of soil nematodes at the different depths, which provides a basis for studying the characteristics of soil nematode communities in the alpine grasslands in northern Tibet.
The goal of this study was to examine the diversity of soil nematodes in the alpine meadows of northern Tibet. In August 2017, the changes in soil nematode communities at different soil depths were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing to reveal the community composition and structural characteristics. A total of 990 operational taxonomic units were extracted from five samples and were sorted into 3 classes, 7 orders, 25 families, and 30 genera. Enoplea was dominant in the different samples at the class level. The Chao1 index, Shannon index, and Ace index were used to evaluate the alpha diversity of the samples, and the results showed that the 5—10 cm soil layer had a relatively high abundance. A heatmap analysis showed the composition similarity of the community was 20—25 cm < 15—20 cm < 0—5 cm < 5—10 cm < 10—15 cm. A redundancy analysis of the soil nematode phyla and the chemical parameters in the soil showed that K~+, soil water content, organic matter, and Zn~(2+) were the most related to the soil nematode community structure. Differences were noted in the species and abundance of soil nematodes at the different depths, which provides a basis for studying the characteristics of soil nematode communities in the alpine grasslands in northern Tibet.
引文
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[12] Porazinska D L,Giblin-Davis R M,Faller L,Farmerie W,Kanzaki N,Morris K,Powers T O,Tucker A E,Sung W,Thomas W K.Evaluating high-throughput sequencing as a method for metagenomic analysis of nematode diversity.Molecular Ecology Resources,2009,9(6):1439- 1450.
[13] Kerfahi D,Tripathi B M,Porazinska D L,Park J,Go R,Adams J M.Do tropical rain forest soils have greater nematode diversity than High Arctic tundra?A metagenetic comparison of Malaysia and Svalbard.Global Ecology and Biogeography,2016,25(6):716- 728.
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[16] Porazinska D L,Giblin-Davis R M,Powers T O,Thomas W K.Nematode spatial and ecological patterns from tropical and temperate rainforests.PLoS One,2012,7(9):e44641.
[17] Porazinska D L,Giblin-Davis R M,Esquivel A,Powers T O,Sung W,Thomas W K.Ecometagenetics confirm high tropical rainforest nematode diversity.Molecular Ecology,2010,19(24):5521- 5530.
[18] 冯陈晨,王文龙,呼和巴特尔.骆驼斯氏副柔线虫转录组的高通量测序及分析.中国兽医学报,2017,37(4):671- 675.
[19] 魏兴琥,杨萍,谢忠奎,王亚军.西藏那曲地区高山嵩草草地的分布与利用.草地学报,2003,11(1):67- 74.
[20] 朱珣之,李强,李扬苹,韩洪波,马克平.紫茎泽兰入侵对土壤细菌的群落组成和多样性的影响.生物多样性,2015,23(5):665- 672.
[21] 薛会英,胡锋,罗大庆.藏北高寒草甸植物群落对土壤线虫群落功能结构的影响.生态学报,2013,33(5):1482- 1494.
[22] 郑燕,贾仲君.新一代高通量测序与稳定性同位素示踪DNA/RNA技术研究稻田红壤甲烷氧化的微生物过程.微生物学报,2013,53(2):173- 184.
[2] Mikola J,Yeates G W,Barker G M,Wardle D A,Bonner K I.Effects of defoliation intensity on soil food-web properties in an experimental grassland community.Oikos,2001,92(2):333- 343.
[3] 薛会英,罗大庆,王鸿源,屈兴乐.藏北高寒草甸土壤线虫群落对围封及自由放牧的响应.土壤学报,2017,54(2):480- 492.
[4] 薛会英,胡锋,罗大庆.藏北高寒草甸植物群落对土壤线虫群落的影响.土壤学报,2013,50(3):507- 516.
[5] Cook R,Yeates G W.Nematode pests of grasslands and forage crops//Evans K,Trudgill D L,Webster J M,eds.Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Temperate Agriculture.Wallingford,UK:CAB International,1993:305- 350.
[6] 薛会英,罗大庆.藏东南急尖长苞冷杉林林隙土壤线虫群落特征.应用生态学报,2013,24(9):2494- 2502.
[7] 薛会英,罗大庆,于宝政.西藏色季拉山急尖长苞冷杉林土壤线虫群落特征.应用生态学报,2012,23(12):3402- 3408.
[8] Geisen S,Snoek L B,ten Hooven F C,Duyts H,Kostenko O,Bloem J,Martens H,Quist C W,Helder J A,van der Putten W H.Integrating quantitative morphological and qualitative molecular methods to analyse soil nematode community responses to plant range expansion.Methods in Ecology and Evolution,2018,9(6):1366- 1378.
[9] Griffiths B S,de Groot G A,Laros I,Stone D,Geisen S.The need for standardisation:exemplified by a description of the diversity,community structure and ecological indices of soil nematodes.Ecological Indicators,2018,87:43- 46.
[10] 夏围围,贾仲君.高通量测序和DGGE分析土壤微生物群落的技术评价.微生物学报,2014,54(12):1489- 1499.
[11] Rinke C,Schwientek P,Sczyrba A,Ivanova N N,Anderson I J,Cheng J F,Darling A,Malfatti S,Swan B K,Gies E A,Dodsworth J A,Hedlund B P,Tsiamis G,Sievert S M,Liu W T,Eisen J A,Hallam S J,Kyrpides N C,Stepanauskas R,Rubin E M,Hugenholtz P,Woyke T.Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter.Nature,2013,499(7459):431- 437.
[12] Porazinska D L,Giblin-Davis R M,Faller L,Farmerie W,Kanzaki N,Morris K,Powers T O,Tucker A E,Sung W,Thomas W K.Evaluating high-throughput sequencing as a method for metagenomic analysis of nematode diversity.Molecular Ecology Resources,2009,9(6):1439- 1450.
[13] Kerfahi D,Tripathi B M,Porazinska D L,Park J,Go R,Adams J M.Do tropical rain forest soils have greater nematode diversity than High Arctic tundra?A metagenetic comparison of Malaysia and Svalbard.Global Ecology and Biogeography,2016,25(6):716- 728.
[14] Moroenyane I,Dong K,Singh D,Chimphango S B M,Adams J M.Deterministic processes dominate nematode community structure in the Fynbos Mediterranean heathland of South Africa.Evolutionary Ecology,2016,30(4):685- 701.
[15] Fitoussi N,Pen-Mouratov S,Steinberger Y.Soil free-living nematodes as bio-indicators for assaying the invasive effect of the alien plant Heterotheca subaxillaris in a coastal dune ecosystem.Applied Soil Ecology,2016,102:1- 9.
[16] Porazinska D L,Giblin-Davis R M,Powers T O,Thomas W K.Nematode spatial and ecological patterns from tropical and temperate rainforests.PLoS One,2012,7(9):e44641.
[17] Porazinska D L,Giblin-Davis R M,Esquivel A,Powers T O,Sung W,Thomas W K.Ecometagenetics confirm high tropical rainforest nematode diversity.Molecular Ecology,2010,19(24):5521- 5530.
[18] 冯陈晨,王文龙,呼和巴特尔.骆驼斯氏副柔线虫转录组的高通量测序及分析.中国兽医学报,2017,37(4):671- 675.
[19] 魏兴琥,杨萍,谢忠奎,王亚军.西藏那曲地区高山嵩草草地的分布与利用.草地学报,2003,11(1):67- 74.
[20] 朱珣之,李强,李扬苹,韩洪波,马克平.紫茎泽兰入侵对土壤细菌的群落组成和多样性的影响.生物多样性,2015,23(5):665- 672.
[21] 薛会英,胡锋,罗大庆.藏北高寒草甸植物群落对土壤线虫群落功能结构的影响.生态学报,2013,33(5):1482- 1494.
[22] 郑燕,贾仲君.新一代高通量测序与稳定性同位素示踪DNA/RNA技术研究稻田红壤甲烷氧化的微生物过程.微生物学报,2013,53(2):173- 184.